Current Scenario of Public Transport (PT) in Developing Countries

2014 ◽  
pp. 75-108
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Current Scenario

scholarly journals Ethical Relation between Physicians and Pharmaceutical Industries in the Perspectives of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shahinul Alam ◽  
Nahiduz Saman ◽  
Monsur Hallaj Hallaj ◽  
Jahangir Ul Alam ◽  
Shoaib Momen Majumder
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Ethical Relation ◽  
Guide Line ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Scientific Meetings ◽  
The Right

Relation between physicians and pharmaceutical industry is required for the benefit of the patient. But it may turn into business and overthrow the patients’ benefit. The relation might be in question at present and in future. Several questions are flowing in Bangladesh. To solve these queries we have explored the situation in developed and developing countries. The physicians and associations of pharmaceutical industries developed several ethical guidelines in those countries. They have addressed the long lasting issues on gift provided to physician, cash back, sample, industry sponsored scientific meetings, research and hospitality. There are huge restrictions to ensure the right of the patient’s e.g. limitation of inexpensive gift by the pharmaceuticals, avoiding expensive medicine instead of equally effective low priced medicine. We are lacking behind to protect the patient right properly: regulation, adherence to existing guide line, lack of guidance from statutory bodies. The current scenario is far behind the right of patient. In Bangladesh it is not yet addressed either by professionals or by pharmaceutical associations. It is the immediate need to construct a guide line for physicians and pharmaceutical industry of Bangladesh.Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2015 Vol.6 (1):1-5

scholarly journals The role of pharmacists in developing countries: the current scenario in Pakistan

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saira Azhar ◽  
Mohamed Azmi Hassali ◽  
Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim ◽  
Maqsood Ahmad ◽  
Imran Masood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Current Scenario

scholarly journals Environmental and Health Impacts of Electronic Waste: A Global Concern!!

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. RV1-RV4
Author(s):  
Anuja Prabhakar ◽  
Romi Nayyar ◽  
PK Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Electronic Materials ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Global Concern

Electronic waste, commonly referred as e-waste, is waste generated from discarded waste from an alarming number of electronic components which contains toxic substances affecting human health and the environment across the globe. In India, it is of extreme significance as its huge production uses more electronic materials and thus, dumps a significant amount of  e-waste simultaneously. India is still lacking suitable infrastructure and methods is proper recycling and disposal. This review is an overview of current scenario in the developing countries, India and other countries  depicting the magnitude of environmental and health hazards associated with improper recycling and disposal methods.

scholarly journals EVALUATING SIGNIFICANT FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE PUBLIC TRANSPORT USAGE IN KERMAN, IRAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azin Bahreini ◽  
Hamed Mirzaei ◽  
Mehdi Moeinaddini ◽  
Zohreh Asadi-Shekari ◽  
Muhammad Zaly Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
The People ◽  
Parking Demand ◽  
Significant Factors

Although public transport is recommended to develop a sustainable transport system, the percentage of daily trips by public transport in Iran specifically in medium sized cities such as Kerman is very low. Currently, efforts are being made to indicate significant factors that prevent public transport usage in developed countries but few studies have been conducted in developing countries. Only a few studies have considered public transport usage in Iranian megacities and medium sized cities such as Kerman require more attention. Therefore, this study tries to identify effective factors that influence public transport usage in urban areas in developing countries like Iran and in medium sized cities like Kerman. In addition, this study tries to investigate various ways to increase public transport ridership. The people awareness regarding benefits of public transport usage is also tested in this study. This study uses questionnaire and observation to collect data. The descriptive analysis based on the collected data shows that most of the people are aware of public transport benefits. These benefits include environment protection, reduction in parking demand and traffic congestion, lower travel cost (compare with private vehicle), fewer mental stresses, more safety, and being more convenient. Although people are aware of public transport benefits, there are some issues that prevent them to use public transport properly. Insufficient information about public transport schedules, lack of attractive facilities and suitable waiting stations and inadequate reliability are examples of issues that discourage people to use public transport. The results show that some improvements such as providing suitable information about public transport schedules, considering comfortable facilities to increase attractiveness, improving waiting facilities and reliability can encourage people to use public transport.

scholarly journals The epidemic of HIV/AIDS in developing countries; the current scenario in Pakistan

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Z Yousaf ◽  
Sadia Zia ◽  
Masroor E Babar ◽  
Usman A Ashfaq
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Hiv Aids
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