scholarly journals Phenotypic Changes in Different Spinach Varieties Grown and Selected under Organic Conditions

2014 ◽  
pp. 277-302
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Changes

Clenbuterol Induces Hypertrophy of the Latissimus Dorsi Muscle and Heart in the Rat With Molecular and Phenotypic Changes

Circulation ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Petrou ◽  
Dylan G. Wynne ◽  
Kenneth R. Boheler ◽  
Magdi H. Yacoub
Keyword(s):  
Latissimus Dorsi ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Phenotypic Changes ◽  
Dorsi Muscle

scholarly journals Phenotypic changes of microglia in adult mice brainstem induced by hypercapnia

IBRO Reports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. S386
Author(s):  
Jaime Eugenin ◽  
Estefanía Irribarra ◽  
Sebastián Beltrán-Castillo ◽  
Daniela Cáceres ◽  
Rommy Von Bernhardi
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Changes ◽  
Adult Mice

scholarly journals Activation of nuclear factor-kappa B by TNF promotes nucleus pulposus mineralization through inhibition of ANKH and ENPP1

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata K. Krzyzanowska ◽  
Robert J. Frawley ◽  
Sheela Damle ◽  
Tony Chen ◽  
Miguel Otero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Pulposus ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Phenotypic Changes ◽  
Cellular Alterations

AbstractSpontaneous mineralization of the nucleus pulposus (NP) has been observed in cases of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in mineralization of multiple tissues through their modulation of expression of factors that enable or inhibit mineralization, including TNAP, ANKH or ENPP1. This study examines the underlying factors leading to NP mineralization, focusing on the contribution of the inflammatory cytokine, TNF, to this pathologic event. We show that human and bovine primary NP cells express high levels of ANKH and ENPP1, and low or undetectable levels of TNAP. Bovine NPs transduced to express TNAP were capable of matrix mineralization, which was further enhanced by ANKH knockdown. TNF treatment or overexpression promoted a greater increase in mineralization of TNAP-expressing cells by downregulating the expression of ANKH and ENPP1 via NF-κB activation. The increased mineralization was accompanied by phenotypic changes that resemble chondrocyte hypertrophy, including increased RUNX2 and COL10A1 mRNA; mirroring the cellular alterations typical of samples from IDD patients. Disc organ explants injected with TNAP/TNF- or TNAP/shANKH-overexpressing cells showed increased mineral content inside the NP. Together, our results confirm interactions between TNF and downstream regulators of matrix mineralization in NP cells, providing evidence to suggest their participation in NP calcification during IDD.

scholarly journals Mini-Review Regarding the Applicability of Genome Editing Techniques Developed for Studying Infertility

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Bogdan Doroftei ◽  
Ovidiu-Dumitru Ilie ◽  
Maria Puiu ◽  
Alin Ciobica ◽  
Ciprian Ilea
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Zinc Finger Nucleases ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Transcription Activator ◽  
Phenotypic Changes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Palindromic Repeat

Infertility is a highly debated topic today. It has been long hypothesized that infertility has an idiopathic cause, but recent studies demonstrated the existence of a genetic substrate. Fortunately, the methods of editing the human genome proven to be revolutionary. Following research conducted, we identified a total of 21 relevant studies; 14 were performed on mice, 5 on zebrafish and 2 on rats. We concluded that over forty-four genes in total are dispensable for fertility in both sexes without affecting host homeostasis. However, there are genes whose loss-of-function induces moderate to severe phenotypic changes in both sexes. There were situations in which the authors reported infertility, exhibited by the experimental model, or other pathologies such as cryptorchidism, cataracts, or reduced motor activity. Overall, zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 are techniques that offer a wide range of possibilities for studying infertility, even to create mutant variants. It can be concluded that ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR/Cas9 are crucial tools in biomedical research.

scholarly journals Phenotypic changes in dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord in the collagen antibody-induced arthritis model

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A31.2-A32
Author(s):  
J Su ◽  
T J Shi ◽  
T L Gao ◽  
Z Wiesenfeld-Hallin ◽  
T Hökfelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Arthritis Model ◽  
Phenotypic Changes

Personalizing Therapy for Metastatic Prostate Cancer: The Role of Solid and Liquid Tumor Biopsies

2017 ◽  
pp. 358-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence W. Friedlander ◽  
Colin C. Pritchard ◽  
Himisha Beltran
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Neuroendocrine Differentiation ◽  
Metastatic Tumor ◽  
Metastatic Lesion ◽  
Phenotypic Changes ◽  
Tumor Biopsies ◽  
Bioinformatic Approach

Although biopsies of metastatic prostate cancer are rarely undertaken in the clinical setting, there is increasing interest in developing personalized approaches to therapy by taking into account the genetic and phenotypic changes in an individual tumor. Indeed, analysis of metastatic prostate tumors can predict sensitivity to agents that inhibit DNA repair and resistance to novel hormonal agents, such as abiraterone and enzalutamide, and identify phenotypic changes, such as neuroendocrine differentiation, that have important clinical implications. Although obtaining metastatic tumor tissue is necessary for this genomic and molecular profiling, knowing when to biopsy, selecting the appropriate metastatic lesion, and interpreting the results are major challenges facing clinicians today. In this article, we discuss the rationale for obtaining metastatic tumor tissue, review the bioinformatic approach to analyzing these specimens, discuss the timing and approach to solid and liquid tumor biopsies, review the challenges associated with obtaining and acting on clinically relevant results, and discuss opportunities for the future.

scholarly journals Rapid genetic and phenotypic changes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains during ventilator-associated pneumonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Persyn ◽  
Mohamed Sassi ◽  
Marc Aubry ◽  
Martin Broly ◽  
Sandie Delanou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Phenotypic Changes
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