A Brief History of Reinforced Concrete

2014 ◽  
pp. 16-23
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
History Of

Ernest Leslie Ransome

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-96
Author(s):  
Stephen Mikesell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
The United States ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Death Valley ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
Culinary Institute Of America ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
St Helena

Ernest L. Ransome is a famous but often misunderstood 19th century California engineer and builder. Architectural historians and engineering professionals see him as a central figure in developing reinforced concrete as a usable building material decades before its use became prevalent. He is most commonly recognized as building the first reinforced concrete bridge, San Francisco's Alvord Lake Bridge, which was built in 1890 and is still in use. Historical accounts of his work, however, are based chiefly upon secondary sources and are sometimes incorrect or misleading. This article clarifies Ransome's true role in concrete building in California and debunks misinformation about the famous Alvord Lake Bridge. It traces his career in the United States (he emigrated to California in 1870 at the age of 26), first as a manufacturer of imitation stone and later as a builder of increasingly large and complex buildings and structures. It discusses his work on a series of iconic Northern California buildings and structures: the 1888 Bourn Winery (now the Culinary Institute of America school in St. Helena); the 1890 Torpedo Building, still standing on the Oakland side of Yerba Buena Island; the 1890 Alvord Lake Bridge and its near twin the Conservatory Bridge, both still in use in Golden Gate Park; the 1891 Art Museum, now being used as the Canter Center on the Stanford University campus. It also discusses Ransome's partnership with Sidney Cushing, a railroad magnate in Marin County for whom the Cushing Amphitheater on Mt. Tamalpais was named, and Francis Marion “Borax” Smith, who built the borax industry in Death Valley and who founded and owned the Key System transit in the East Bay. The article concludes with observations about Ransome's true place in the history of concrete engineering in the United States and concrete construction in California.

Expressionism, Relativity, and the Einstein Tower

1994 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen James
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
German Economy ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Concrete Construction ◽  
German Expressionism ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
History Of

The Einstein Tower was the product of the complementary investigations of expressionism, reinforced concrete construction, and relativity undertaken by its architect, Erich Mendelsohn, between 1912 and 1920. The war-ravaged German economy of 1921, which impeded its construction, and the scientific agenda of its patron, Erwin Finlay Freundlich, which determined the character of its interior spaces, also helped shape its final appearance. Designed to serve scientific inquiry, it occupies a distinctive intellectual, as well as stylistic, position within the history of German expressionism. In this building Mendelsohn established the design approach that would characterize the rest of his German career, fusing attention to program with bold images of the thrilling instability of modern life. As its reception demonstrates, the functional aspects of the tower have been overshadowed by the degree to which its form has mistakenly been identified with a contemporary enthusiasm for mysticism, which in fact played no role in its design.

scholarly journals History and modern realities of the activity of the department of reinforced concrete and stone structures of the Kharkov National University of Construction and Architecture

New Collegium ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (102) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Yu. Bondarenko ◽  
K. Spirande ◽  
S. Butenko
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Research Work ◽  
The State ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Scientific Schools ◽  
Department Staff ◽  
National University ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stone Structures

This relates the history of the department from its creation in 1930 to the present. It shows its connection with the history of the state in different periods. The main stages of the development of the department and the creation of its scientific schools are highlighted. It describes the main directions of research work of the department staff during these periods. The main achievements of the department's scientists in the development of the theory of designing reinforced concrete, stone and other complex structures are presented. It demonstrates the applied nature of research and development of the team, their relationship with manufacturing.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF THE APPEARANCE OF EULER’S FORMULA. ISSUES OF STABILITY OF COMPRESSED REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Sergey S. MORDOVSKIY ◽  
Anna A. KISELEVA
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Linear Deformation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life Path ◽  
Concrete Elements ◽  
Concrete Hardening

The article presents a brief overview of the life path of the Swiss mathematician and mechanic Leonard Euler, considers the history of the emergence of the formula for calculating stability, shows options for taking into account the fl exibility of an element in the calculations of reinforced concrete structures, the disadvantages of the Euler curve and the features of its application in relation to structures made of high-strength concrete and concrete hardening under pressure. An example of the result of using a non-linear deformation model in the calculations of eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete elements with the introduction into the algorithm for calculating a coeffi cient that takes into account the eff ect of buckling (defl ection) of an element on its bearing capacity is given.

scholarly journals STRESS-DEFORMED STATE OF STEEL-REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES OF FLOORS AT THE STAGE OF ESTABLISHMENT OF STRUCTURES

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
M. V. Savytskyi ◽  
T.D. NIKIFOROVA ◽  
M. O. FROLOV
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Strain State ◽  
Complex Stress ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Stress Strain State ◽  
Composite Section ◽  
History Of ◽  
Deformed State

Formulation of the problem. Many structures today require floor structures to meet increased requirements for strength, span coverage and surface quality. Steelcrete structures often fit the bill. However, despite a long history of success, the industry is still not fully understood, in particular, the behavior of this structure in the early stages of construction is not unambiguous. Due to the impossibility of creating a composite section, various effects and a complex stress-strain state immediately arise in the time interval between the combination of different materials in space and the combination of different materials in the work. Thus, the stage of erection of a structure before it became reinforced concrete is of interest for a complete understanding of the mechanics of the work of composite sections. The purpose of the study is to investigate the features of the operation of the steelcrete sections at the stage of installation and operation, as a composite structure that combines the advantages and disadvantages of steel and concrete. As a result of the research, it was found that the study of the stress-strain state, which affects the circumstances, both at the operation stage and at the construction stage, is an important task for further understanding the work of reinforced concrete. , and increasing its durability. In particular, at the time of erection, a complex stress-strain state occurs, which can lead to unpredictable changes in shape. This state is unstable up to the inclusion of the concrete shelf of the reinforced concrete section in the work due to the hardening of concrete in the area of the anchors and its subsequent inclusion in work. These issues require further study in order to better understand the work of concrete and steel as a single composite material at various stages of the life cycle of structures.

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