MEMBRANE FACILITATED DEFLUORIDATION OF WATER: PROCESS INTENSIFICATION AND SCALE UP

2014 ◽  
pp. 105-152
Author(s):  
S Sridhar ◽  
K Praneeth ◽  
D Manjunath ◽  
Suresh Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Defluoridation Of Water

Application of Microfluidics in Process Intensification

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrson S. Santana ◽  
Mariana G. M. Lopes ◽  
João L. Silva ◽  
Osvaldir P. Taranto
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Sustainable Operations ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Equipment Size ◽  
System Miniaturization

Abstract Is it possible to miniaturize a chemical plant? Some strategies, such as the process intensification, sustain that the advancements in equipment and production techniques could substantially decrease the equipment size/production capacity ratio, energy consumption and waste generation, resulting in more economic and sustainable operations and consequently reducing the chemical plant size. However, large reductions of equipment volume represent a major challenge for the conventional technologies. In this context, Microfluidics represents a promising technology in the field of system miniaturization. Accordingly, the present research evaluated the concept of process intensification and its relationship with Microfluidics. Initially, the definition and the classification of process intensification were described, following by the explanation of the Microfluidics, highlighting scale-up strategies and examples using miniaturized systems. Afterward, a methodology for miniaturized devices development for process intensification using numerical simulations was shown. Finally, the conclusions are exposed.

Scale-up of Process Intensifying Falling Film Microreactors to Pilot Production Scale

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhanu Kiran Vankayala ◽  
Patrick Löb ◽  
Volker Hessel ◽  
Gabriele Menges ◽  
Christian Hofmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Liquid Films ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Falling Film ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Future Production

Microstructured reactors with their benefits especially concerning enhanced mass and heat transfer represent a means for process intensification. A broadly used microstructured lab tool in the area of gas/liquid contacting is the Falling Film Microreactor (FFMR) developed by IMM in which liquid films of a few tens of micrometer thickness and interfacial areas of up to 20,000 m2/m3 combined with an effective heat exchange can be obtained. Now the concept of the Falling Film Microreactor has been developed further with regard to increasing throughput in order to reach pilot production level and as a basis for future production scale throughput. Therefore, two different prototypes with a tenfold larger structured surface area have been developed and realized. The feasibility of a corresponding increase of throughput has been demonstrated for the oxidation of an organic compound using oxygen which is closely linked to an industrial relevant reaction and additionally by the absorption of CO2 in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. Naturally, process optimisation itself also contributes to the efforts to increase throughput. Therefore, the oxidation reaction has been optimised in both varying process parameters (temperature, flow rates, pressure) and reactor parameters (microchannel width and depth) in the original, standard Falling Film Microreactor. Conducting experiments at 10 bar instead of ambient pressure and using a reaction plate with 1200 µm x 400 µm channels instead of 600 µm x 200 µm channels lead to an increase in conversion. These investigations also encourage exploring more challenging process conditions and thereby following the concept of "novel chemistry."

scholarly journals Dawn of a new era in industrial photochemistry: the scale-up of micro- and mesostructured photoreactors

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 2484-2504
Author(s):  
Emine Kayahan ◽  
Mathias Jacobs ◽  
Leen Braeken ◽  
Leen CJ Thomassen ◽  
Simon Kuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
New Era ◽  
Thermochemical Activation ◽  
Space Time Yield ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Photochemical Activation

Photochemical activation routes are gaining the attention of the scientific community since they can offer an alternative to the traditional chemical industry that mainly utilizes thermochemical activation of molecules. Photoreactions are fast and selective, which would potentially reduce the downstream costs significantly if the process is optimized properly. With the transition towards green chemistry, the traditional batch photoreactor operation is becoming abundant in this field. Process intensification efforts led to micro- and mesostructured flow photoreactors. In this work, we are reviewing structured photoreactors by elaborating on the bottleneck of this field: the development of an efficient scale-up strategy. In line with this, micro- and mesostructured bench-scale photoreactors were evaluated based on a new benchmark called photochemical space time yield (mol·day−1·kW−1), which takes into account the energy efficiency of the photoreactors. It was manifested that along with the selection of the photoreactor dimensions and an appropriate light source, optimization of the process conditions, such as the residence time and the concentration of the photoactive molecule is also crucial for an efficient photoreactor operation. In this paper, we are aiming to give a comprehensive understanding for scale-up strategies by benchmarking selected photoreactors and by discussing transport phenomena in several other photoreactors.

scholarly journals Intensified Liquid-Liquid Extraction Technologies in Small Channels: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiota Angeli ◽  
Eduardo Garciadiego Ortega ◽  
Dimitrios Tsaoulidis ◽  
Martyn Earle
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Impinging Jets ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Single Channels ◽  
Centrifugal Forces ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Small Channel ◽  
Small Channels ◽  
Counter Current

Solvent extraction is a key separation process in several industries. Mixer-settlers and agitated or pulsed columns are mainly used as liquid-liquid contactors. However, these units require large solvent inventories and long residence times, while flow fields are often not uniform and mixing is poor. These drawbacks can be overcome with process intensification approaches where small channel extractors are used instead. The reduced volumes of small units in association with the increased efficiencies facilitate the use of novel, often expensive, but more efficient and environmentally friendly solvents, such as ionic liquids. The small throughputs of intensified contactors, however, can limit their full usage in industrial applications, thus robust scale-up strategies need to be developed. This paper reviews promising intensified technologies for liquid-liquid extractions based on small channels. In particular, extractions in single channels and in confined impinging jets are considered. The increase in throughput via scale-out approaches with appropriate manifolds is discussed, based on the use of many channels in parallel. The combination of small channels and centrifugal forces is exploited in counter-current chromatography (CCC) systems where many mixing and settling steps are combined within the contactors. Scale up is possible via centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) configurations.

Intensification of sonochemical degradation of phenol using additives at pilot scale operation

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 2547-2552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail M. Khokhawala ◽  
Parag R. Gogate
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cupric Oxide ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Operation Process

The present work reports the use of sonochemical reactors for the degradation of phenol in the presence of additives with an objective of enhancing the rates of degradation at a pilot scale operation. Process intensification studies have been carried out using additives such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (0.5–2.0 g/L), sodium chloride (0.5–1.5 g/L) and solid particles viz. cupric oxide (CuO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) (0.5–2.5 g/L). Optimum concentration for H2O2 and sodium chloride has been observed beyond which no beneficial effects are obtained even with additional loadings. Maximum extent of degradation has been observed by using ultrasound/H2O2/CuO approach at a solid loading of 1.5 g/L followed by ultrasound/H2O2/TiO2 approach at a loading of 2.0 g/L. The obtained results at pilot scale operation in the current work are very important especially due to the fact that the majority of earlier studies are at laboratory scale which cannot provide the design related information for large scale operation as required scale up ratios are quite high adding a degree of uncertainty in the design. The novelty of the present work lies in the fact that it highlights successful application of sonochemical reactors for wastewater treatment at pilot scale operation.

scholarly journals Pilot scale cavitational reactors and other enabling technologies to design the industrial recovery of polyphenols from agro-food by-products, a technical and economical overview

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Cravotto ◽  
Francesco Mariatti ◽  
Veronika Gunjevic ◽  
Massimo Secondo ◽  
Matteo Villa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Enabling Technologies ◽  
Key Enabling Technologies ◽  
By Products

We herein provide an overview of the most recent multidisciplinary process advances that have occurred in the food industry as a result of changes in consumer lifestyle and expectations. The demand for fresher and more natural foods is driving the development of new technologies that may efficiently operate at room temperature. Moreover, the huge amount of material discarded by the agro-food production chain lays down a significant challenge for emerging technologies that can provide new opportunities by recovering valuable by-products and creating new applications. Aiming to design industrial processes, there is a need of pilot scale plants such as the “green technologies development platform” that was established by the authors. The platform is made up of a series of multifunctional laboratories that are equipped with non-conventional pilot reactors developed in direct collaboration with partner companies in order to bridge the enormous gap between academia and industry via the large-scale exploitation of relevant research achievements. Selected key, enabling technologies for process intensification make this scale-up feasible. We make use of two selected examples, the grape and olive production chains, to show how cavitational reactors, which are based on high-intensity ultrasound and rotational hydrodynamic units, can assist food processing and the sustainable recovery of waste to produce valuable nutraceuticals as well as colouring and food-beverage additives.

scholarly journals Seed train process intensification strategy offers potential for rapid, cost-effective scale-up of biosimilars manufacturing

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajib Malla ◽  
Dhaval Shah ◽  
Chinmay Gajendragadkar ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Vamanan ◽  
Deepak Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Exponential Growth Phase ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Seed Train ◽  
Process Transfer

A perfusion approach at N-1, where cells stay in the exponential growth phase throughout the entire culture duration, is becoming more common as a strategy for process intensification. This is because the higher cell densities it generates allows manufacturers to skip seed stages and reduce process transfer time through multiple bioreactor sizes, thus providing more cost-effective biologics production in smaller facilities. However, this N-1 perfusion approach requires optimization. In this article, we describe the development and proof-of-concept studies with single-use rocking motion perfusion bioreactors in which we have achieved a ten-fold increase in viable cell count in N-1 seed stage, compared to the fed-batch control process, in just 6–8 days. We also mention in detail how we inoculated a 50 L bioreactor production run using this intensified seed train and show comparable growth kinetics and yield with a control process, also at 50 L scale. Using this intensification approach in the future will help our manufacturing facility, the Biopharma Division of Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd., reach 4000 L production-scale volumes with fewer process transfer steps, and without changing the feeding strategy or production bioreactors of our biologics’ portfolio.

scholarly journals Process intensification of a photochemical oxidation reaction using a Rotor-Stator Spinning Disk Reactor: A strategy for scale up

2020 ◽  
Vol 400 ◽  
pp. 125875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnab Chaudhuri ◽  
Koen P.L. Kuijpers ◽  
Raoul B.J. Hendrix ◽  
Parimala Shivaprasad ◽  
Jasper A. Hacking ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Photochemical Oxidation ◽  
Spinning Disk
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