Bioterrorism and Forensic Microbiology

2014 ◽  
pp. 320-343
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Microbiology

Forensic microbiology applications: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Ventura Spagnolo ◽  
Chiara Stassi ◽  
Cristina Mondello ◽  
Stefania Zerbo ◽  
Livio Milone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Forensic Microbiology

scholarly journals Dissecting the Microbial Community Structure of Internal Organs During the Early Postmortem Period in a Murine Corpse Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruina Liu ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
Qinru Sun ◽  
Xin Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
The Body ◽  
Time Since Death ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Forensic Microbiology ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Early Postmortem

Abstract Background Microorganisms inhabit and proliferate throughout the body both externally and internally, which are the primary mediators of putrefaction after death. However, limited information is available about the changes in the postmortem microbiota of extraintestinal body sites in the early decomposition stage of mammalian corpses. Results This study applied 16S rRNA barcoding to investigate microbial composition variations among different organs and the relationship between microbial communities and time since death over 1 day of decomposition. During 1 day of decomposition, Agrobacterium, Prevotella, Bacillus, and Turicibacter were regarded as time-relevant genera in internal organs at different timepoints. Pathways associated with lipid, amino acid, carbohydrate and terpenoid and polyketide metabolism were significantly enriched at 8 hours than that at 0.5 or 4 hours. The microbiome compositions and postmortem metabolic pathways differed by time since death, and more importantly, these alterations were organ specific. Conclusion The dominant microbes differed by organ, while they tended toward similarity as decomposition progressed. The observed thanatomicrobiome variation by body site provides new knowledge into decomposition ecology and forensic microbiology. Additionally, the microbes detected at 0.5 hours in internal organs may inform a new direction for organ transplantation.

Advances in Forensic Microbiology

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana Petrisor ◽  
Christopher Kitts
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Microbiology

Forensic Microbiology

2009 ◽  
pp. 22-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.Y. Hunt ◽  
N.G. Barnaby ◽  
B. Budowle ◽  
S. Morse
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Microbiology

scholarly journals Forensic Human Identification for Cutaneous Microbiome, a Brief Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-251
Author(s):  
Natasha R.F. Novaes ◽  
Isabel C. M. Fensterseifer ◽  
José L. R. Martins ◽  
Osmar N. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Human Identification ◽  
Human Microbiome Project ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Skin Microbiome ◽  
Predictive Algorithms ◽  
Forensic Microbiology ◽  
The Relationship

Forensic Science compounds many study areas in context of solving crimes, one of which is the forensic microbiology. Combined with genomic approaches, microbiology has shown strong performance in studies regarding the relationship between microorganisms present on human skin and environment. The Human Microbiome Project (HMP) has contributed significantly to characterization of microbial complexity and their connection to human being. The purpose of this work consists of a historical overview of scientific articles, demonstrating the growth and possibility of using skin microbiome in forensic identification. Studies about use of cutaneous microbiome in human identification, as well its forensic approaches, were looked into for writing of this review. Comparisons among cutaneous microbial communities and manipulated objects have been tested using 16S rRNA, as well as a thorough sequencing of the bacterial genome. From use of ecological measures of distance to genetic markers with nucleotide variants and predictive algorithms, research has shown promising results for advances in field of forensic identification. The development of metagenomic microbial panel markers, named hidSkinPlax for targeted sequencing has been designed and tested with great results. Research results show satisfactory potential in human identification by cutaneous microbiome and the possibility for contributive use in elucidating crimes.

scholarly journals Post-Mortem Investigations for the Diagnosis of Sepsis: A Review of Literature

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Stassi ◽  
Cristina Mondello ◽  
Gennaro Baldino ◽  
Elvira Ventura Spagnolo
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Sepsis Diagnosis ◽  
Immunohistochemical Markers ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Forensic Microbiology ◽  
Forensic Tools

To date, sepsis is still one of the most important causes of death due to the difficulties concerning the achievement of a correct diagnosis. As well as in a clinical context, also in a medico-legal setting the diagnosis of sepsis can reveal challenging due to the unspecificity of the signs detected during autopsies, especially when no ante-mortem clinical data, laboratory, and cultural results are available. Thus, a systematic review of literature was performed to provide an overview of the main available and updated forensic tools for the post-mortem diagnosis of sepsis. Moreover, the aim of this review was to evaluate whether a marker or a combination of markers exist, specific enough to allow a correct and definite post-mortem diagnosis. The review was conducted searching in PubMed and Scopus databases, and using variable combinations of the keywords “post mortem sepsis diagnosis”, “macroscopic signs”, “morphology”, “histology”, “immunohistochemical markers”, “biochemical markers”, and “forensic microbiology”. The article selection was carried out following specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 44 works was identified, providing data on morphological aspects of the organs examined, histological findings, immunohistochemical and biochemical markers, and cultural assays. The review findings suggested that the post-mortem diagnosis of sepsis can be achieved by a combination of data obtained from macroscopic and microscopic analysis and microbial investigations, associated with the increased levels of at least two of three biochemical and/or immunohistochemical markers evaluated simultaneously on blood samples.

Use of the PCR-DGGE method in forensic microbiology

2016 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ziembińska-Buczyńska ◽  
◽  
Krzysztof Kraśnicki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Electrophoresis Method ◽  
Forensic Microbiology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

The latest reports on the subject of forensic microbiology indicate that it is possible to link a perpetrator of an offence to the evidence, based on molecular analysis of microbiological material. The microbiome of human epidermis is known to be species- and individual-specific. This knowledge can be used towards finding a match between the object (e.g. electronic device) and the user, based on the individual-specific microbiome deposited onto the object’s surface. The DNA fingerprinting-based methods were used to compare similarities in the structures of bacterial communities collected from the epidermis of 14 study subjects and the housings of their mobile phones. This study was based on the Polymerase Chain Reaction – Denaturing Gel Electrophoresis method. The results obtained revealed a high degree of similarity between the structure of bacterial genotypes present on the users’ epidermis and the microbiomes recovered from their mobile phones. PCR-DGGE can be used as the screening method, preceding the additional confirmatory analyses.

scholarly journals Paleomicrobiology: a Snapshot of Ancient Microbes and Approaches to Forensic Microbiology

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica I. Rivera-Perez ◽  
Tasha M. Santiago-Rodriguez ◽  
Gary A. Toranzos
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Microbiology
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