Edible Crops

2013 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Edible Crops

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Melia azedarach and Ricinus communis Oil by Transesterification Process

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Awais ◽  
Sa’ed A Musmar ◽  
Faryal Kabir ◽  
Iram Batool ◽  
Muhammad Asif Rasheed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Renewable Fuel ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Edible Crops ◽  
American Society

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel usually produced from vegetable oils and animal fats. This study investigates the extraction of oil and its conversion into biodiesel by base-catalyzed transesterification. Firstly, the effect of various solvents (methanol, n-hexane, chloroform, di-ethyl ether) on extraction of oil from non-edible crops, such as R. communis and M. azedarach, were examined. It was observed that a higher concentration of oil was obtained from R. communis (43.6%) as compared to M. azedarach (35.6%) by using methanol and n-hexane, respectively. The extracted oils were subjected to NaOH (1%) catalyzed transesterification by analyzing the effect of oil/methanol molar ratio (1:4, 1:6, 1:8 and 1:10) and varying temperature (20, 40, 60 and 80 °C) for 2.5 h of reaction time. M. azedarach yielded 88% and R. communis yielded 93% biodiesel in 1:6 and 1:8 molar concentrations at ambient temperature whereas, 60 °C was selected as an optimum temperature, giving 90% (M. azedarach) and 94% (R. communis) biodiesel. The extracted oil and biodiesel were characterized for various parameters and most of the properties fulfilled the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard biodiesel. The further characterization of fatty acids was done by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) and oleic acid was found to be dominant in M. azedarach (61.5%) and R. communis contained ricinoleic acid (75.53%). Furthermore, the functional groups were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The results suggested that both of the oils are easily available and can be used for commercial biodiesel production at a cost-effective scale.

scholarly journals Glassworts: From Wild Salt Marsh Species to Sustainable Edible Crops

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Loconsole ◽  
Giuseppe Cristiano ◽  
Barbara De Lucia
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Edible Crops ◽  
High Salt Tolerance ◽  
Salt Marsh Species ◽  
Nutraceutical Properties

Halophytes are naturally adapted in saline environments, where they benefit from the substantial amounts of salt in the growth media. The need for salt-tolerant crops increases as substantial percentages of cultivated land worldwide are affected by salinity. There are few protocols, guidelines, or trials for glasswort (Salicornia (L.) and Sarcocornia (Scott), belong to the Amaranthaceae) field cultivation. The high salt tolerance and content in bioactive compounds make glassworts one of the most important candidates for future use both for fresh and processed food, due to their functional and health properties. This review describes the glassworts respect to their biodiversity and the most important factors affecting propagation, salt tolerance traits, agro-techniques and yields, food uses and nutraceutical properties.

scholarly journals Selection and identification of xylose-fermenting yeast strains for ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Alves Araújo ◽  
Thiago Lucas de Abreu-Lima ◽  
Solange Cristina Carreiro
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Replica Plating ◽  
Fermentative Capacity ◽  
Edible Crops ◽  
Plant Exudates ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass is of economic interest due to the pressure to reduce fossil fuels consumption and land use for non-edible crops. Xylose is one of the main sugars obtained by hydrolysis of hemicellulose fraction of biomass, but industrial yeasts cannot ferment it. This work aimed to select, characterize and identify xylose-fermenting yeasts from Brazilian microorganisms collections with potential use in ethanol production. Xylose assimilation was tested by replica plating, and fermentation was tested with Durham tubes. Xylose-fermenting strains had their fermentative capacity quantified and compared to a reference strain (Scheffersomyces stipitis UFMG-IMH 43.2) and were identified by molecular techniques. Three strains isolated from plant exudates were able to ferment xylose and showed fermentative parameters similar to the reference strain. Two strains were identified as Candida parapsilosis and one was identified as Meyerozyma guilliermondii. The findings show the potential biotechnological use of these microorganisms.

Disinfection of secondary effluents by infiltration-percolation

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Salgot ◽  
Francois Brissaud ◽  
Claudia Campos
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Secondary Effluents ◽  
Edible Crops ◽  
Hydraulic Load ◽  
The Cost

Irrigation reuse is an adequate strategy to dispose of the effluents of conventional wastewater treatment plants everywhere a chronic shortage of water resources is experienced. The most attractive usages of reclaimed water are irrigation of public parks, sports fields, golf courses an edible crops. These uses require disinfection of wastewater so as to comply with relevant regulations. Conventional disinfection procedures are fairly effective; but, in Mediteranean countries, low technology techniques, such as lagooning and infiltration-percolation, are often more reliable. The cost of drained infiltration-percolation facilities is highly dependant on the volume of their filtrating sand bed. Therefore, relationship among hydraulic load, sand depth and disinfection efficiency are of great importance. A circular drained dune sand infiltration percolation filter, 1.5 m sand deep, with a surface of 565 m2, was constructed in Vall-Llobrega, Catalonia, Spain. The filter was fed with activated sludge effluent using a pivot irrigation system equipped with low-pressure bubbles. The plant worked for two years, the hydraulic load ranging from 0.165 to 0.35 m per day of infiltrating surface. Physico-chemical parameters, total and faecal coliforms contents were monitored. A pivot irrigation system can be considered a major technological improvement.

RIRA: A tool for conducting health risk assessments for irrigation of edible crops with recycled water

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Hamilton ◽  
Frank Stagnitti ◽  
Sarath C. Kumarage ◽  
Robert R. Premier
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Edible Crops ◽  
Health Risk Assessments
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