Analogies in the Adverse Immune Effects of Wear Particles, Environmental Particles, and Medicinal Nanoparticles

2014 ◽  
pp. 317-348
Author(s):  
Eleonore Fröhlich
Keyword(s):  
Wear Particles

ANALYSIS OF AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION USING FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED (FTIR) SPECTROCOPY

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (SI-TeMIC18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhanifah Abdul Rahman ◽  
Matzaini Katon Katon ◽  
Nurina Alya Zulkifli Zulkifli
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Automatic Transmission ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Oil Analysis ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Machine Elements ◽  
Transmission Fluid

Automatic Transmission (AT) system is efficient in the aspects of vehicle safety, comfort, reliability and driving performance. The objectives of this paper are to collect the oil samples from AT systems of engine bus according to manufacturer's recommendations and analyse collected oil samples using oil analysis technique. The sample transmission fluid which was taken from the AT gearbox has been experimentally analyzed. The oil samples were taken with an interval of 5,000km, 30,000km, 50,000km, 80,000km, 180,000km and 300,000km for AT bus operation. These samples then have been analyzed by comparing between new and used transmission fluid using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Oil analysis by FTIR is a form of Predictive Maintenance (PdM) to avoid major failure in machine elements. Most machine elements are not easily accessible in the transmission system. Having a reliable technique would avoid the needs to open the components unnecessarily, hence, help to prevent catastrophic failure which are very costly, and ease of regular monitoring. In order to identify the major failures of automatic gearbox, forecasts can be made regarding the lube transmission fluid analysis test. By using this test, the minor problems can be determined before they become major failures. At the end of this research, the wear particles profile for interval mileage of AT system was obtained. Keywords: Wear, Automatic Transmission (AT), Transmission fluid, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Oil analysis.

TIRE-WEAR PARTICLES AS A MAJOR COMPONENT OF MICROPLASTICS IN THE ENVIRONMENT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reto Gieré ◽  
◽  
Frank Sommer ◽  
Volker Dietze ◽  
Anja Baum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Particles ◽  
Tire Wear

scholarly journals Tyre wear particles: an abundant yet widely unreported microplastic?

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (15) ◽  
pp. 18345-18354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia J. Knight ◽  
Florence N. F. Parker-Jurd ◽  
Maya Al-Sid-Cheikh ◽  
Richard C. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Wear Particles ◽  
Tyre Wear

scholarly journals Morphological residual convolutional neural network (M-RCNN) for intelligent recognition of wear particles from artificial joints

Friction ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobin Hu ◽  
Jian Song ◽  
Zhenhua Liao ◽  
Yuhong Liu ◽  
Jian Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Artificial Joints ◽  
Performance Deterioration ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Correct Category ◽  
Intelligent Recognition

AbstractFinding the correct category of wear particles is important to understand the tribological behavior. However, manual identification is tedious and time-consuming. We here propose an automatic morphological residual convolutional neural network (M-RCNN), exploiting the residual knowledge and morphological priors between various particle types. We also employ data augmentation to prevent performance deterioration caused by the extremely imbalanced problem of class distribution. Experimental results indicate that our morphological priors are distinguishable and beneficial to largely boosting overall performance. M-RCNN demonstrates a much higher accuracy (0.940) than the deep residual network (0.845) and support vector machine (0.821). This work provides an effective solution for automatically identifying wear particles and can be a powerful tool to further analyze the failure mechanisms of artificial joints.

Simple isolation method for the bulk isolation of wear particles from metal on metal bearing surfaces generated in a hip simulator test

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 891-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Lu ◽  
Matt Royle ◽  
Ferdinand V. Lali ◽  
Alister J. Hart ◽  
Simon Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Particles ◽  
Isolation Method ◽  
Hip Simulator ◽  
Metal On Metal ◽  
Simulator Test

scholarly journals The Graphical Representation of Cell Count Representation; a New Procedure for the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Bernd Fink ◽  
Marius Hoyka ◽  
Elke Weissbarth ◽  
Philipp Schuster ◽  
Irina Berger
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Joint Infections ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Matrix Assessment ◽  
Wbc Count

Aim: This study was designed to answer the question whether a graphical representation increase the diagnostic value of automated leucocyte counting of the synovial fluid in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). Material and methods: Synovial aspirates from 322 patients (162 women, 160 men) with revisions of 192 total knee and 130 hip arthroplasties were analysed with microbiological cultivation, determination of cell counts and assay of the biomarker alpha-defensin (170 cases). In addition, microbiological and histological analysis of the periprosthetic tissue obtained during the revision surgery was carried out using the ICM classification and the histological classification of Morawietz and Krenn. The synovial aspirates were additionally analysed to produce dot plot representations (LMNE matrices) of the cells and particles in the aspirates using the hematology analyser ABX Pentra XL 80. Results: 112 patients (34.8%) had an infection according to the ICM criteria. When analysing the graphical LMNE matrices from synovia cell counting, four types could be differentiated: the type “wear particles” (I) in 28.3%, the type “infection” (II) in 24.8%, the “combined” type (III) in 15.5% and “indeterminate” type (IV) in 31.4%. There was a significant correlation between the graphical LMNE-types and the histological types of Morawietz and Krenn (p < 0.001 and Cramer test V value of 0.529). The addition of the LMNE-Matrix assessment increased the diagnostic value of the cell count and the cut-off value of the WBC count could be set lower by adding the LMNE-Matrix to the diagnostic procedure. Conclusion: The graphical representation of the cell count analysis of synovial aspirates is a new and helpful method for differentiating between real periprosthetic infections with an increased leukocyte count and false positive data resulting from wear particles. This new approach helps to increase the diagnostic value of cell count analysis in the diagnosis of PJI.

Microplastics shift impacts of climate change on a plant-microbe mutualism: Temperature, CO2, and tire wear particles

2021 ◽  
pp. 111727
Author(s):  
Anna M. O'Brien ◽  
Tiago F. Lins ◽  
Yaming Yang ◽  
Megan E. Frederickson ◽  
David Sinton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Tire Wear ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Attachment of Cartilage Wear Particles to the Synovium Negatively Impacts Friction Properties

2021 ◽  
pp. 110668
Author(s):  
Eben G. Estell ◽  
Lance A. Murphy ◽  
Lianna R. Gangi ◽  
Roshan P. Shah ◽  
Gerard A. Ateshian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Particles ◽  
Cartilage Wear
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