Regenerative Dentistry: Stem Cells Meet Nanotechnology

2014 ◽  
pp. 255-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Jiménez-Rojo ◽  
Zoraide Granchi ◽  
Anna Woloszyk ◽  
Anna Filatova ◽  
Pierfrancesco Pagella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry

scholarly journals The Role of Angiogenesis and Pro-Angiogenic Exosomes in Regenerative Dentistry

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina-Andreea Zimta ◽  
Oana Baru ◽  
Mandra Badea ◽  
Smaranda Buduru ◽  
Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry ◽  
Oral Tissue ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Stimulation Of

Dental surgeries can result in traumatic wounds that provoke major discomfort and have a high risk of infection. In recent years, density research has taken a keen interest in finding answers to this problem by looking at the latest results made in regenerative medicine and adapting them to the specificities of oral tissue. One of the undertaken directions is the study of angiogenesis as an integrative part of oral tissue regeneration. The stimulation of this process is intended to enhance the local availability of stem cells, oxygen levels, nutrient supply, and evacuation of toxic waste. For a successful stimulation of local angiogenesis, two major cellular components must be considered: the stem cells and the vascular endothelial cells. The exosomes are extracellular vesicles, which mediate the communication between two cell types. In regenerative dentistry, the analysis of exosome miRNA content taps into the extended communication between these cell types with the purpose of improving the regenerative potential of oral tissue. This review analyzes the stem cells available for the dentistry, the molecular cargo of their exosomes, and the possible implications these may have for a future therapeutic induction of angiogenesis in the oral wounds.

scholarly journals Tooth Formation: Are the Hardest Tissues of Human Body Hard to Regenerate?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 4031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Baranova ◽  
Dominik Büchner ◽  
Werner Götz ◽  
Margit Schulze ◽  
Edda Tobiasch
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Tooth Germ ◽  
Tooth Regeneration ◽  
Dental Tissue ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry

With increasing life expectancy, demands for dental tissue and whole-tooth regeneration are becoming more significant. Despite great progress in medicine, including regenerative therapies, the complex structure of dental tissues introduces several challenges to the field of regenerative dentistry. Interdisciplinary efforts from cellular biologists, material scientists, and clinical odontologists are being made to establish strategies and find the solutions for dental tissue regeneration and/or whole-tooth regeneration. In recent years, many significant discoveries were done regarding signaling pathways and factors shaping calcified tissue genesis, including those of tooth. Novel biocompatible scaffolds and polymer-based drug release systems are under development and may soon result in clinically applicable biomaterials with the potential to modulate signaling cascades involved in dental tissue genesis and regeneration. Approaches for whole-tooth regeneration utilizing adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, or tooth germ cells transplantation are emerging as promising alternatives to overcome existing in vitro tissue generation hurdles. In this interdisciplinary review, most recent advances in cellular signaling guiding dental tissue genesis, novel functionalized scaffolds and drug release material, various odontogenic cell sources, and methods for tooth regeneration are discussed thus providing a multi-faceted, up-to-date, and illustrative overview on the tooth regeneration matter, alongside hints for future directions in the challenging field of regenerative dentistry.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal dental stem cells in regenerative dentistry

2012 ◽  
pp. e1062-e1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
FJ. Rodríguez-Lozano ◽  
CL. Insausti ◽  
F. Iniesta ◽  
M. Blanquer ◽  
MC. Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry

scholarly journals Comparison of Stemness and Gene Expression between Gingiva and Dental Follicles in Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Min Kang ◽  
Seong-Oh Kim ◽  
Mijeong Jeon ◽  
Hyung-Jun Choi ◽  
Han-Sung Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Stem Cell Source ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

The aim of this study was to compare the differential gene expression and stemness in the human gingiva and dental follicles (DFs) according to their biological characteristics. Gingiva (n=9) and DFs (n=9) were collected from 18 children. Comparative gene expression profiles were collected using cDNA microarray. The expression of development, chemotaxis, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSs) related genes was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Histological analysis was performed using hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining. Gingiva had greater expression of genes related to keratinization, ectodermal development, and chemotaxis whereas DFs exhibited higher expression levels of genes related to tooth and embryo development. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of iPSc factors includingSOX2,KLF4, andC-MYCwere58.5±26.3,12.4±3.5, and12.2±1.9times higher in gingiva andVCAM1(CD146) andALCAM(CD166) were33.5±6.9and4.3±0.8times higher in DFs. Genes related to MSCs markers includingCD13,CD34,CD73,CD90, andCD105were expressed at higher levels in DFs. The results of qRT-PCR and IHC staining supported the microarray analysis results. Interestingly, this study demonstrated transcription factors of iPS cells were expressed at higher levels in the gingiva. Given the minimal surgical discomfort and simple accessibility, gingiva is a good candidate stem cell source in regenerative dentistry.

scholarly journals Cell-Based Transplantation versus Cell Homing Approaches for Pulp-Dentin Complex Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Geraldine M. Ahmed ◽  
Eman A. Abouauf ◽  
Nermeen AbuBakr ◽  
Asmaa M. Fouad ◽  
Christof E. Dörfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Cell Homing ◽  
New Era ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry ◽  
Pulp Vitality ◽  
Regenerative Therapies

Regenerative dentistry has paved the way for a new era for the replacement of damaged dental tissues. Whether the causative factor is dental caries, trauma, or chemical insult, the loss of the pulp vitality constitutes one of the major health problems worldwide. Two regenerative therapies were introduced for a fully functional pulp-dentin complex regeneration, namely, cell-based (cell transplantation) and cell homing (through revascularization or homing by injection of stem cells in situ or intravenously) therapies, with each demonstrating advantages as well as drawback, especially in clinical application. The present review is aimed at elaborating on these two techniques in the treatment of irreversibly inflamed or necrotic pulp, which is aimed at regenerating a fully functional pulp-dentin complex.

The Emerging Role of Stem Cells in Regenerative Dentistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Capparè ◽  
Giulia Tetè ◽  
Maria Teresa Sberna ◽  
Paola Panina-Bordignon
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Cell Plasticity ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry ◽  
Cell Sources ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Progress of modern dentistry is accelerating at a spectacular speed in the scientific, technological and clinical areas. Practical examples are the advancement in the digital field, which has guaranteed an average level of prosthetic practices for all patients, as well as other scientific developments, including research on stem cell biology. Given their plasticity, defined as the ability to differentiate into specific cell lineages with a capacity of almost unlimited self-renewal and release of trophic/immunomodulatory factors, stem cells have gained significant scientific and commercial interest in the last 15 years. Stem cells that can be isolated from various tissues of the oral cavity have emerged as attractive sources for bone and dental regeneration, mainly due to their ease of accessibility. This review will present the current understanding of emerging conceptual and technological issues of the use of stem cells to treat bone and dental loss defects. In particular, we will focus on the clinical application of stem cells, either directly isolated from oral sources or in vitro reprogrammed from somatic cells (induced pluripotent stem cells). Research aimed at further unraveling stem cell plasticity will allow to identify optimal stem cell sources and characteristics, to develop novel regenerative tools in dentistry.

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