Mechanical Force Transmissionvia the Cytoskeleton inVascular Endothelial Cells

2013 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Mechanical Force

EFFECTS OF MECHANICAL FORCE ON BLOOD FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Takashima ◽  
H Tsuruta ◽  
T Higashi ◽  
M Watanabe ◽  
A Isomoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Mechanical Force ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Healthy Males

The effects of exposure to mechanical force on the blood and blood vessels were studied concentrating on the factors of thrombosis and hemostasis. (I) The palms of 10 healthy males were exposed to mechanical vibration (35 Hz, 5 G, 5 mm p-p) for 5 min. Euglobulin fractions were separated from the pre- and postvibration blood samples. The fibrinolytic activity, measured with the fibrin plate method, increased after vibration; fibrinolytic areas (pre/post) = 15.3 ± 6.0/18.6 ± 8.4 mm2 . The tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) from endothelial cells of blood vessels was measured with the same blood samples by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies. It was proportional to the fibrinolytic activity; t-PA (pre/post) = 1.36 ± 1.09/1.58 ± 1.21 ng/ml. This suggests that the t-PA from the endothelial cells participates in increasing the fibrinolytic activity. (II) Six healthy males performed the side-step test for 5 min. At pre- and post-exercise, blood was collected from the great saphenous vein and its t-PA was measured to investigate the direct effect of mechanical force on the sole of the feet. As a control, the t-PA of the median venous blood was also measured. When the side-step test was performed with bare feet, the t-PA increased in the great saphenous venous blood, but not so much in the control. On the other hand, when the same test was done with the subjects wearing shoes, the t-PA did not increase. These data show that the mechanical force directly releases t-PA from the endothelial cells of the foot vessels in the soles of the feet, and that shoes can protect the feet from shock.The influence of physical exercise on fibrinolytic activity is well known. In the mechanism, endothelial cells are thought to be stimulated by vasoactive hormones. However, the direct influence of mechanical force on the blood vessels must also be considered.

scholarly journals Signals of the Neuropilin-1–MET Axis and Cues of Mechanical Force Exertion Converge to Elicit Inflammatory Activation in Coherent Endothelial Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 202 (5) ◽  
pp. 1559-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Rezaei ◽  
Ana C. Martins Cavaco ◽  
Jochen Seebach ◽  
Stephan Niland ◽  
Jana Zimmermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Mechanical Force ◽  
Neuropilin 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Activation

Endotoxin Alteration of the Mucopolysaccharide Blood Vessel Coating in Rats

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 148-149
Author(s):  
D. E. Philpott ◽  
A. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
The Brain

Two month, eight month and two year old rats were treated with 10 or 20 mg/kg of E. Coli endotoxin I. P. The eight month old rats proved most resistant to the endotoxin. During fixation the aorta, carotid artery, basil arartery of the brain, coronary vessels of the heart, inner surfaces of the heart chambers, heart and skeletal muscle, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, brain, retina, trachae, intestine, salivary gland, adrenal gland and gingiva were treated with ruthenium red or alcian blue to preserve the mucopolysaccharide (MPS) coating. Five, 8 and 24 hrs of endotoxin treatment produced increasingly marked capillary damage, disappearance of the MPS coating, edema, destruction of endothelial cells and damage to the basement membrane in the liver, kidney and lung.

Complex Vesicles, Microtubules, and Cytoplasmic Filaments in the Endothelial Cells of Normal Dog Aorta

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 172-173
Author(s):  
C. N. Sun ◽  
J. J. Ghidoni
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Functional Significance ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Aldehyde Fixation ◽  
Cytoplasmic Filaments

Endothelial cells in longitudinal and cross sections of aortas from 3 randomly selected “normal” mongrel dogs were studied by electron microscopy. Segments of aorta were distended with cold cacodylate buffered 5% glutaraldehyde for 10 minutes prior to being cut into small, well oriented tissue blocks. After an additional 1-1/2 hour period in glutaraldehyde, the tissue blocks were well rinsed in buffer and post-fixed in OsO4. After dehydration they were embedded in a mixture of Maraglas, D.E.R. 732, and DDSA.Aldehyde fixation preserves the filamentous and tubular structures (300 Å and less) for adequate demonstration and study. The functional significance of filaments and microtubules has been recently discussed by Buckley and Porter; the precise roles of these cytoplasmic components remains problematic. Endothelial cells in canine aortas contained an abundance of both types of structures.

Ultrastructural Alterations in Sinusoidal Endothelial Fenestrae as a Result of Hypoxia

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
Waykin Nopanitaya ◽  
Raeford E. Brown ◽  
Joe W. Grisham ◽  
Johnny L. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Hepatic Lobule ◽  
Ultrastructural Alterations ◽  
Large Type ◽  
Sinusoidal Endothelial Fenestrae ◽  
General Size ◽  
Sem Studies

Mammalian endothelial cells lining hepatic sinusoids have been found to be widely fenestrated. Previous SEM studies (1,2) have noted two general size catagories of fenestrations; large fenestrae were distributed randomly while the small type occurred in groups. These investigations also reported that large fenestrae were more numerous and larger in the endothelial cells at the afferent ends of sinusoids or around the portal areas, whereas small fenestrae were more numerous around the centrilobular portion of the hepatic lobule. It has been further suggested that under some physiologic conditions small fenestrae could fuse and subsequently become the large type, but this is, as yet, unproven.We have used a reproducible experimental model of hypoxia to study the ultrastructural alterations in sinusoidal endothelial fenestrations in order to investigate the origin of occurrence of large fenestrae.

Ultrastructural studies on the interaction of haemophilus influenzae with human endothelial cells in vitro

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 636-637
Author(s):  
D.J.P. Ferguson ◽  
M. Virji ◽  
H. Kayhty ◽  
E.R. Moxon
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Intercellular Junctions ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Endothelial Barriers ◽  
Serotype B ◽  
Meningitis In Children ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial

Haemophilus influenzae is a human pathogen which causes meningitis in children. Systemic H. influenzae infection is largely confined to encapsulated serotype b organisms and is a major cause of meningitis in the U.K. and elsewhere. However, the pathogenesis of the disease is still poorly understood. Studies in the infant rat model, in which intranasal challenge results in bacteraemia, have shown that H. influenzae enters submucosal tissues and disseminates to the blood stream within minutes. The rapidity of these events suggests that H. influenzae penetrates both respiratory epithelial and endothelial barriers with great efficiency. It is not known whether the bacteria penetrate via the intercellular junctions, are translocated within the cells or carried across the cellular barrier in 'trojan horse' fashion within phagocytes. In the present studies, we have challenged cultured human umbilical cord_vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with both capsulated (b+) and capsule-deficient (b-) isogenic variants of one strain of H. influenzae in order to investigate the interaction between the bacteria and HUVEC and the effect of the capsule.

Antiflammin-1 inhibits the adhesion of neutrophils to endothelial cells induced by LPS

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. S66-S66
Author(s):  
Jinfeng Li ◽  
Wenli Liu ◽  
Xiaojuan Shi ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells

Intrapericardial lymphangioma with podoplanin immunohistochemical characterization of lymphatic endothelial cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Sinzelle ◽  
J P Duong Van Huyen ◽  
S Breiteneder-Geleff ◽  
E Braunberger ◽  
A Deloche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Lymphatic Endothelial Cells
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