scholarly journals Signals of the Neuropilin-1–MET Axis and Cues of Mechanical Force Exertion Converge to Elicit Inflammatory Activation in Coherent Endothelial Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 202 (5) ◽  
pp. 1559-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Rezaei ◽  
Ana C. Martins Cavaco ◽  
Jochen Seebach ◽  
Stephan Niland ◽  
Jana Zimmermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Mechanical Force ◽  
Neuropilin 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Activation

scholarly journals Inflammatory activation of endothelial cells increases glycolysis and oxygen consumption despite inhibiting cell proliferation

FEBS Open Bio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Aakre Wik ◽  
Danh Phung ◽  
Shrikant Kolan ◽  
Guttorm Haraldsen ◽  
Bjørn Steen Skålhegg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Inflammatory Activation

Neuropilin-1 on hematopoietic cells as a source of vascular development

Blood ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 1801-1809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Yamada ◽  
Yuichi Oike ◽  
Hisao Ogawa ◽  
Yasuhiro Ito ◽  
Hajime Fujisawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Vascular Development ◽  
Hematopoietic Cells ◽  
Vegf Receptor ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Neuropilin 1 ◽  
Vasculogenesis And Angiogenesis

Neuropilin-1 (NP-1) is a receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor-165 (VEGF165) and acts as a coreceptor that enhances the function of VEGF165 through VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). Studies using transgenic and knock-out mice of NP-1 indicated that this molecule is important for vascular development as well as neuronal development. We recently reported that clustered soluble NP-1 phosphorylates VEGFR-2 on endothelial cells with a low dose of VEGF165 and rescues the defective vascularity of the NP-1−/− embryo in vitro and in vivo. Here we show that NP-1 is expressed by CD45+ hematopoietic cells in the fetal liver, can bind VEGF165, and phosphorylates VEGFR-2 on endothelial cells. CD45+NP-1+ cells rescued the defective vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in the NP-1−/− P-Sp (para-aortic splanchnopleural mesodermal region) culture, although CD45+NP-1− cells did not. Moreover, CD45+NP-1+ cells together with VEGF165 induced angiogenesis in an in vivo Matrigel assay and cornea neovascularization assay. The extracellular domain of NP-1 consists of “a,” “b,” and “c” domains, and it is known that the “a” and “c” domains are necessary for dimerization of NP-1. We found that both the “a” and “c” domains are essential for such rescue of defective vascularities in the NP-1 mutant. These results suggest that NP-1 enhances vasculogenesis and angiogenesis exogenously and that dimerization of NP-1 is important for enhancing vascular development. In NP-1−/− embryos, vascular sprouting is impaired at the central nervous system (CNS) and pericardium where VEGF is not abundant, indicating that NP-1–expressing cells are required for normal vascular development.

scholarly journals NRP1 regulates HMGB1 in vascular endothelial cells under high homocysteine condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (5) ◽  
pp. H1039-H1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeshuo Ma ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Runtai Chen ◽  
Rui Shi ◽  
Pingyu Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
High Mobility Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Inflammation ◽  
Neuropilin 1

Endothelial inflammation plays an important role in hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy)-associated vascular diseases. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a pro-inflammatory danger molecule produced by endothelial cells. However, whether HMGB1 is involved in vascular endothelial inflammation of HHcy is poorly understood. Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) mediates inflammatory response and activates mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway that has been reported to be involved in regulation of HMGB1. The aim of this study was to determine the alteration of HMGB1 in HHcy, and the role of NRP1 in regulation of endothelial HMGB1 under high homocysteine (Hcy) condition. In the present study, we first observed that the plasma level of HMGB1 was elevated in HHcy patients and an experimental rat model, and increased HMGB1 was also observed in the thoracic aorta of an HHcy rat model. HMGB1 was induced by Hcy accompanied with upregulated NRP1 in vascular endothelial cells. Overexpression of NRP1 promoted expression and secretion of HMGB1 and endothelial inflammation; knockdown of NRP1 inhibited HMGB1 and endothelial inflammation induced by Hcy, which partially regulated through p38 MAPK pathway. Furthermore, NRP1 inhibitor ATWLPPR reduced plasma HMGB1 level and expression of HMGB1 in the thoracic aorta of HHcy rats. In conclusion, our data suggested that Hcy requires NRP1 to regulate expression and secretion of HMGB1. The present study provides the evidence for inhibition of NRP1 and HMGB1 to be the novel therapeutic targets of vascular endothelial inflammation in HHcy in the future. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study shows for the first time to our knowledge that the plasma level of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is elevated in hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) patients, and homocysteine promotes expression and secretion of HMGB1 partially regulated by neuropilin-1 in endothelial cells, which is involved in endothelial inflammation. Most importantly, these new findings will provide a potential therapeutic strategy for vascular endothelial inflammation in HHcy.

EFFECTS OF MECHANICAL FORCE ON BLOOD FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Takashima ◽  
H Tsuruta ◽  
T Higashi ◽  
M Watanabe ◽  
A Isomoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Mechanical Force ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Healthy Males

The effects of exposure to mechanical force on the blood and blood vessels were studied concentrating on the factors of thrombosis and hemostasis. (I) The palms of 10 healthy males were exposed to mechanical vibration (35 Hz, 5 G, 5 mm p-p) for 5 min. Euglobulin fractions were separated from the pre- and postvibration blood samples. The fibrinolytic activity, measured with the fibrin plate method, increased after vibration; fibrinolytic areas (pre/post) = 15.3 ± 6.0/18.6 ± 8.4 mm2 . The tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) from endothelial cells of blood vessels was measured with the same blood samples by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies. It was proportional to the fibrinolytic activity; t-PA (pre/post) = 1.36 ± 1.09/1.58 ± 1.21 ng/ml. This suggests that the t-PA from the endothelial cells participates in increasing the fibrinolytic activity. (II) Six healthy males performed the side-step test for 5 min. At pre- and post-exercise, blood was collected from the great saphenous vein and its t-PA was measured to investigate the direct effect of mechanical force on the sole of the feet. As a control, the t-PA of the median venous blood was also measured. When the side-step test was performed with bare feet, the t-PA increased in the great saphenous venous blood, but not so much in the control. On the other hand, when the same test was done with the subjects wearing shoes, the t-PA did not increase. These data show that the mechanical force directly releases t-PA from the endothelial cells of the foot vessels in the soles of the feet, and that shoes can protect the feet from shock.The influence of physical exercise on fibrinolytic activity is well known. In the mechanism, endothelial cells are thought to be stimulated by vasoactive hormones. However, the direct influence of mechanical force on the blood vessels must also be considered.

scholarly journals Neuropilin-1 Signaling through p130Cas Tyrosine Phosphorylation Is Essential for Growth Factor-Dependent Migration of Glioma and Endothelial Cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1174-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Evans ◽  
M. Yamaji ◽  
G. Britton ◽  
C. Pellet-Many ◽  
C. Lockie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphorylation ◽  
Neuropilin 1

Exogenous clustered neuropilin 1 enhances vasculogenesis and angiogenesis

Blood ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 1671-1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Yamada ◽  
Nobuyuki Takakura ◽  
Hirofumi Yasue ◽  
Hisao Ogawa ◽  
Hajime Fujisawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Vascular Development ◽  
Vegf Receptor ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Flag Epitope ◽  
Neuropilin 1 ◽  
Vasculogenesis And Angiogenesis

Neuropilin 1 (NP-1) is a receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 165 (VEGF165) and acts as a coreceptor that enhances VEGF165 function through tyrosine kinase VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). Transgenic overexpression of np-1results in an excess of capillaries and blood vessels and a malformed heart. Thus, NP-1 may have a key role in vascular development. However, how NP-1 regulates vascular development is not well understood. This study demonstrates how NP-1 can regulate vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In homozygous np-1mutant (np-1−/−) murine embryos, vascular sprouting was impaired in the central nervous system and pericardium. Para-aortic splanchnopleural mesoderm (P-Sp) explants fromnp-1−/− mice also had vascular defects in vitro. A monomer of soluble NP-1 (NP-1 tagged with Flag epitope) inhibited vascular development in cultured wild-type P-Sp explants by sequestering VEGF165. In contrast, a dimer of soluble NP-1 (NP-1 fused with the Fc part of human IgG) enhanced vascular development in cultured wild-type P-Sp explants. Moreover, the NP-1–Fc rescued the defective vascular development in culturednp-1−/− P-Sp explants. A low dose of VEGF alone did not promote phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 on endothelial cells from np-1−/− embryos, but simultaneous addition of a low dose of VEGF and NP-1–Fc phosphorylated VEGFR-2 significantly. Moreover, NP-1–Fc rescued the defective vascularity of np-1−/− embryos in vivo. These results suggest that a dimer form of soluble NP-1 delivers VEGF165 to VEGFR-2–positive endothelial cells and promotes angiogenesis.

The role of oxidative stress in pro-inflammatory activation of human endothelial cells on Ti6Al4V alloy

Biomaterials ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (33) ◽  
pp. 8075-8085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Tsaryk ◽  
Kirsten Peters ◽  
Susanne Barth ◽  
Ronald E. Unger ◽  
Dieter Scharnweber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Human Endothelial Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Activation

scholarly journals Up-regulation of the Notch ligand Delta-like 4 inhibits VEGF-induced endothelial cell function

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 931-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassin Kimmel Williams ◽  
Ji-Liang Li ◽  
Matilde Murga ◽  
Adrian L. Harris ◽  
Giovanna Tosato
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Endothelial Cell Proliferation ◽  
Vegf Receptor ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function ◽  
Notch Ligand ◽  
Neuropilin 1 ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

AbstractDelta-like 4 (Dll4), a membrane-bound ligand for Notch1 and Notch4, is selectively expressed in the developing endothelium and in some tumor endothelium, and it is induced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and hypoxia. Gene targeting studies have shown that Dll4 is required for normal embryonic vascular remodeling, but the mechanisms underlying Dll4 regulatory functions are currently not defined. In this study, we generated primary human endothelial cells that overexpress Dll4 protein to study Dll4 function and mechanism of action. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells retrovirally transduced with Dll4 displayed reduced proliferative and migratory responses selectively to VEGF-A. Expression of VEGF receptor-2, the principal signaling receptor for VEGF-A in endothelial cells, and coreceptor neuropilin-1 was significantly decreased in Dll4-transduced endothelial cells. Consistent with Dll4 signaling through Notch, expression of HEY2, one of the transcription factors that mediates Notch function, was significantly induced in Dll4-overexpressing endothelial cells. The γ-secretase inhibitor L-685458 significantly reconstituted endothelial cell proliferation inhibited by immobilized extracellular Dll4 and reconstituted VEGFR2 expression in Dll4-overerexpressing endothelial cells. These results identify the Notch ligand Dll4 as a selective inhibitor of VEGF-A biologic activities down-regulating 2 VEGF receptors expressed on endothelial cells and raise the possibility that Dll4 may be exploited therapeutically to modulate angiogenesis.

Comparison of combination treatment with endostatin, soluble neuropilin-1 and thrombospondin-2 to single inhibitors in antiangiogenic therapy of renal cell carcinoma

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15648-15648
Author(s):  
G. Bartsch ◽  
K. Eggert ◽  
S. Loges ◽  
W. Fiedler ◽  
E. Laack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function ◽  
Tumor Weight ◽  
Neuropilin 1 ◽  
Angiogenic Inhibitors

15648 Background: Combinations of cytotoxic drugs lead to increased activity and minimize resistance compared to single agents in tumor therapy. Similarly, antiangiogenic treatment could be improved by combinations targeting different pathways. We investigated a combination of endogenous inhibitors using endostatin (ES), soluble Neuropilin-1 (sNP-1), and thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2) in a model of renal cell carcinoma. Methods: Porcine aortic endothelial cells have been engineered for stable production of angiogenic inhibitors by lipofection and were encapsulated in sodium alginate microbeads. Proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells or Renca renal carcinoma cells was examined after incubation with different microbeads. Similarly, effects of inhibitors on endothelial cell function were tested in tube formation and in vitro wound assays. Microbeads were implanted into SCID mice with subcutaneously growing tumors derived from Renca cells or in mice developing lung metastases after intravenous injection of tumor cells. Results: Factors released from microbeads inhibited endothelial cell function but had no effect on tumor cell proliferation in vitro. In vivo, subcutaneous tumor growth was inhibited similarly by each angiogenic inhibitor alone. After 30 days mean tumor weight was 1.3 g in controls and 0.17, 0.18, 0.18g in ES, sNP-1, and TSP-2 treated mice, respectively. Tumor weight in mice treated with all three inhibitors was further reduced to 0.03g. Histological analyses confirmed antiangiogenic activity by inhibition of microvessel density in treated tumors. In a metastastic model treatment with angiogenic inhibitors induced a significant reduction in size and number of lung metastases with additive effects when factors were used in combination. Conclusions: We conclude that combination therapy targeting multiple angiogenic pathways has synergistic activity and could help to avoid resistance to single inhibitors in tumor treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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