Functional Aspects and Physiology of the Oral Cavity

Transoral Laser Microsurgery for Malignancies of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract

Otorhinolaryngology Clinics - An International Journal ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10003-1022 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 95-105

Author(s):

Jason Durel ◽

Jacques Gaudet ◽

Melda Kunduk ◽

Andrew J McWhorter

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Treatment Plan ◽

Aerodigestive Tract ◽

Oncologic Outcomes ◽

Transoral Laser Microsurgery ◽

Upper Aerodigestive Tract ◽

Laser Microsurgery ◽

Functional Aspects ◽

Traditional Therapies

Abstract Transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) is an important option in the treatment plan for tumors of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx. For properly selected patients, TLM provides equivalent oncologic outcomes when compared to traditional therapies, while improving the functional aspects of postoperative speech, voice and swallowing.

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Oral Submucous Fibrosis - A Review

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2021/544 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (32) ◽

pp. 2665-2671

Author(s):

Falguni Patel ◽

Shreyas N. Shah ◽

Christina James

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽

Classification Systems ◽

Oral Disease ◽

Areca Nut ◽

Functional Aspects ◽

Premalignant Condition ◽

Submucous Fibrosis ◽

Upper Third

A common oral disease named as oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) has the tendency to usually affect many areas of the oral cavity as well as involving the area of pharynx. The characteristic feature of oral submucous fibrosis is the fibrosis in submucosal area which involves maximum part of oral cavity leading to advanced lock jaw as a result of rigidity in cheeks, pharynx, lips and upper third part of the oesophageal canal progressing to dysphagia. It has been reported that OSMF occurs mainly in persons who are habituated to chew areca nut or products containing areca nut along with other ingredients. In recent years with the introduction of commercially available Gutka and other areca nut products, the incidence of OSMF is increasing especially in the younger generations. OSMF is irreversible and persists even after cessation of chewing habit and the severity increases along with the duration of habit. In 2007, the categorization of oral submucous fibrosis was done as a premalignant condition by WHO and it has higher chances of malignant transformation. Early diagnosis and application of proper treatment modality is mandatory to reduce morbidity and mortality rate. There are many classification systems that have been proposed in literature for oral submucous fibrosis, among which many are based on clinical features, some of them on functional aspects and others are based on histopathological aspects. Here is an attempt to enlighten the facts and recent updates of clinical, functional, histopathological features as well as pathogenesis and management of oral submucous fibrosis. The complete knowledge of oral submucous fibrosis is a useful to the clinicians as well as academicians and researchers for timely detection and proper management of the disease. KEY WORDS Oral Submucous Fibrosis, Precancerous Lesions, Precancerous Conditions, Sclerosing Stomatitis

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EVALUATION OFTHE ORAL MICROBIOTA IN ENT AND DENTAL P

Archiv Euromedica ◽

10.35630/2199-885x/2020/10/4.18 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 80-82

Author(s):

Vladimir Dumanov ◽

Nadezhda Novikova ◽

Artem Morozov ◽

Anastasia Morozova ◽

Sergey Zhukov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

Selection Criterion ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

Dorsal Surface ◽

World Health ◽

Oral Microbiota ◽

Functional Aspects ◽

Swallowing Difficulties ◽

Dental Diseases

The World Health estimates oropharyngeal mycosis as the second most common fungal infections (40% of all cases). The study of microbiocenoses and their role in maintaining health and the development of pathology is a complex multifactorial problem which includes the study of not only the microbial communities themselves but also the components and metabolites of microflora as well as their interaction with a macroorganism considering personification and social factors. Our study was aimed to evaluate possible microbial scenery changes using microscopic examination of pharynx and oral cavity specimens from patients at departments of otolaryngology and dentistry of Polyclinic No. 1 (Tver, Russia). The investigation of samples of dorsal surface of patients' tongues (503 participants) was carried out between January 2018 and October 2020. The selection criterion met the patients with the following symptoms: swallowing difficulties, feeling of a “lump in the throat”, a sore throat, a dry mouth, a burning tongue. Our findings showed the persistence of fungal infection of the oral cavity in 68,5% of cases with numerous otolaryngological and dental diseases. Candida albicans microbial associations with cocci as well as combinations with mixed microflora were identified in 45% of cases. Anatomical and functional aspects of the oral cavity account for an interdisciplinary approach to the treatment of such patients with a close cooperation between otolaryngologists and dentists.

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Functional Aspects and Physiology of the Oral Cavity

Oral Cavity Reconstruction ◽

10.1201/b14273-4 ◽

2005 ◽

pp. 23-38

Author(s):

Gregory Hartig

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Functional Aspects

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Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology ◽

10.1044/2019_ajslp-19-00095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 864-872

Author(s):

Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽

Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽

Catriona M. Steele ◽

Renata Mancopes

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Thermal Sensation ◽

Sensory Function ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Age Related ◽

Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

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