Pathology of Neoplastic Diseases of the Oral Cavity

2005 ◽  
pp. 39-58
Author(s):  
Mary Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Neoplastic Diseases

The development of the incidence of non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive system in adults evacuated from the 30-kilometer zone of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant during the post-accident observation period (1992–2016)

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
K.Ye. Prykashсhykova ◽  
◽  
Zh.S. Yaroshenko ◽  
O.A. Kapustynska ◽  
V.G. Kostiuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Biliary Tract ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Neoplastic Diseases ◽  
Digestive Diseases ◽  
The Absolute

Objective: We analyzed the absolute risk of the development of the incidence of non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive system in adults evacuated from the 30-kilometer zone of the Chornobyl NPP over 1992–2016 epidemiological surveillance. Materials and methods: For the epidemiological study of the incidence of non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive system in the evacuated from the 30-kilometer Chornobyl zone after the Chornobyl accident in 1992–2016 we formed a cohort of 7,143 people aged 18 years and older (2,198 men and 4,945 women). To study the features of the incidence of diseases of the digestive system over the years of observation, we calculated the epidemiological indicator - the absolute risk of development (AR). Results: During 1992–2016, 13,532 cases of the diseases of the digestive system: 3,298 (24.37%) – in men; 10,234 (75.63%) - in women) were revealed for the first time. The absolute risk of the development of digestive diseases makes up 467.64 ± 2.93 cases per 103 man-years of observation (further cases/103 man-years). It was found that 91.05% (12,321 cases) with an absolute risk of 425.32 ± 5.89 93 cas./103 man-years ( 423.22 ± 5.89- in men, 426.19 ± 3, 34 - in women) belonged to the class of the diseases of digestive system (C00-C93). Mostly diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands and jaws (C00 – C14) (200.63 ± 4.77 cases/103 man-years), esophageal diseases, stomach and duodenum (C20 – C31) (146.26 ± 4.21 93) were manifested. Significant loss of health was also caused by the diseases of the gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas (C83–C87) (50.23 ± 2.60 93), liver disease (C70-C77) – (22.44 ± 1.76 93), non-infectious enteritis and colitis (C50–C52) – (3.93 ± 8.75), other intestinal diseases (C55–C63) – (1.83 ± 0.51) respectively. Irrespective of gender, the development of the incidence of non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive system is characterized by the identity of the diseases and the ratio of their values to the total cohort. However, women suffered more from the diseases of the gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas, diseases of the oral cavity, men – from the diseases of esophagus, stomach and duodenum. Conclusions: 1. The revealed features of the development of digestive diseases in the evacuated from the 30-kilometer zone of the Chornobyl NPP (high absolute risks of diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands and jaws (C00–C14), diseases of esophagus, stomach and duodenum (C20–C31), biliary diseases bladder, biliary tract and pancreas (C80–C87)) need the improvement of medico-social measures to provide qualitative treatment-and-preventive, rehabilitative care from the primary level of medical care. 2. It is necessary to conduct medico-educational work on radiation hygiene, regimen, food intake and dietary nutrition for the minimization of the development of established prior nosological forms in the evacuees from the 30-kilometer zone of the ChNPP.

scholarly journals The Effects of Ionizing Radiation on the Oral Cavity

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 679-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Ribeiro de Barros da Cunha ◽  
Pedro Augusto Mendes Ramos ◽  
Ana Cristina Aló Nesrallah ◽  
Cláudia Joffily Parahyba ◽  
Eduardo Rodrigues Fregnani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Neoplastic Diseases ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Number Of Patients

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study is to present a literature review on the effects of the ionizing radiation from radiotherapy treatment on dental tissues. Background Among the effects of increasing global life expectancy and longevity of the teeth in the oral cavity, increasing rates of neoplastic diseases have been observed. One of the important treatment modalities for head and neck neoplastic diseases is radiotherapy, which uses ionizing radiation as the main mechanism of action. Therefore, it is essential for dentists to be aware of the changes in oral and dental tissues caused by ionizing radiation, and to develop treatment and prevention strategies. Results In general, there is still controversy about the effects of ionizing radiation on dental structures. However, qualitative and quantitative changes in saliva and oral microbiota, presence of oral mucositis and radiation-related caries are expected, as they represent the well-known side effects of treatment with ionizing radiation. Points that still remain unclear are the effects of radiotherapy on enamel and dentin, and on their mechanisms of bonding to contemporary adhesive materials. Conclusion Ionizing radiation has shown important interaction with organic tissues, since more deleterious effects have been shown on the oral mucosa, salivary glands and dentin, than on enamel. Clinical significance With the increasing number of patients with cancer seeking dental treatment before and after head and neck radiotherapy, it is important for dentists to be aware of the effects of ionizing radiation on the oral cavity. How to cite this article de Barros da Cunha SR, Ramos PAM, Nesrallah ACA, Parahyba CJ, Fregnani ER, Aranha ACC. The Effects of Ionizing Radiation on the Oral Cavity. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(8):679-687.

Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 864-872
Author(s):  
Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽  
Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽  
Catriona M. Steele ◽  
Renata Mancopes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

Transoral Resection of Cancer of the Oral Cavity: The Role of the CO2 Laser

1979 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stuart Strong ◽  
Charles W. Vaughan ◽  
Geza J. Jako ◽  
Thomas Polanyi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Transoral Resection
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