The Normal Tear Film and Ocular Surface

2004 ◽  
pp. 53-74
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film

scholarly journals Tear Proteomics Study of Dry Eye Disease: Which Eye Do You Adopt as the Representative Eye for the Study?

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
Ming-Tse Kuo ◽  
Po-Chiung Fang ◽  
Shu-Fang Kuo ◽  
Alexander Chen ◽  
Yu-Ting Huang
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Mechanistic Studies ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Tear Proteins ◽  
Proteomic Data ◽  
Surface Performance

Most studies about dry eye disease (DED) chose unilateral eye for investigation and drew conclusions based on monocular results, whereas most studies involving tear proteomics were based on the results of pooling tears from a group of DED patients. Patients with DED were consecutively enrolled for binocular clinical tests, tear biochemical markers of DED, and tear proteome. We found that bilateral eyes of DED patients may have similar but different ocular surface performance and tear proteome. Most ocular surface homeostatic markers and tear biomarkers were not significantly different in the bilateral eyes of DED subjects, and most clinical parameters and tear biomarkers were correlated significantly between bilateral eyes. However, discrepant binocular presentation in the markers of ocular surface homeostasis and the associations with tear proteins suggested that one eye’s performance cannot represent that of the other eye or both eyes. Therefore, in studies for elucidating tear film homeostasis of DED, we may lose some important messages hidden in the fellow eye if we collected clinical and proteomic data only from a unilateral eye. For mechanistic studies, it is recommended that researchers collect tear samples from the eye with more severe DED under sensitive criteria for identifying the more severe eye and evaluating the tear biochemical and proteomic markers with binocular concordance drawn in prior binocular studies.

Low-Tech Detection of Tear Film-Related Diseases of the Ocular Surface

1998 ◽  
pp. 845-851
Author(s):  
Maurizio Rolando ◽  
Salvatore Alongi ◽  
Angelo Macrì ◽  
Marco Schenone ◽  
Giovanni Calabria
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film

Effects of Smoking on Tear Film and Ocular Surface

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Chul Yoon ◽  
Byoung-Yong Song ◽  
Man-Seong Seo
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film

scholarly journals Diagnosis and Treatment Methods for Ocular Surface Disease in Glaucoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Gemma C M Rossi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease ◽  
Anterior Surface ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Associated Diseases

Glaucoma and ocular surface disease (OSD) are often concomitant disorders (OSD is the consequence of a tear film dysfunction that may be due to several conditions). The aims of the paper are to suggest a sequence of diagnostic tests easy to perform in daily practice, both subjective and objective, to detect the onset of the OSD; and, second, to propose how to prevent and, if the case, how to manage the OSD. Briefly, tear film break-up time (TF-BUT) and corneal/conjunctival staining are suggested to detect the main signs of OSD. In terms of therapy, the long-term exposure to benzalkonium chloride (BAK) should be minimised, preferring non-BAK-preserved or BAK-free glaucoma medications, where available, as well as fixed combinations. The treatment of associated diseases of the anterior surface may reduce signs; use of non BAK-preserved tears may reduce symptoms.

scholarly journals Changes in Tear-Film Status and Ocular Surface Disease Index Score Following Prolonged Use of Face Mask

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 253-265
Author(s):  
Nawreen Binte Anwar ◽  
Basil Anwar ◽  
Arup Krishna Choudhury ◽  
Mahfuza Rahman Khan ◽  
Md. Anisur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Disease Index ◽  
Index Score ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Score Following

scholarly journals SFTA3 – a novel surfactant protein of the ocular surface and its role in corneal wound healing and tear film surface tension

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schicht ◽  
Fabian Garreis ◽  
Nadine Hartjen ◽  
Stephanie Beileke ◽  
Christina Jacobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
Corneal Wound Healing ◽  
Corneal Wound

Tear Film and Ocular Surface in Keratoconus

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-60
Author(s):  
Samer Hamada ◽  
Artemis Matsou
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film

scholarly journals The Ocular Surface and the Coronavirus Disease 2019: Does a Dual ‘Ocular Route’ Exist?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Emanuele Napoli ◽  
Matteo Nioi ◽  
Ernesto d’Aloja ◽  
Maurizio Fossarello
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
World Health ◽  
Surface System ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Health Organization

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an important health problem that was defined as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020. Although great concern has been expressed about COVID-19 infection acquired through ocular transmission, its underlying mechanism has not currently been clarified. In the current work, we analyzed and elucidated the two main elements that should be taken into account to understand the “ocular route”, both from a clinical and molecular point of view. They are represented by the dynamism of the ocular surface system (e.g., the tear film turnover) and the distribution of ACE2 receptors and TMPRSS2 protein. Although it seems, at the moment, that there is a low risk of coronavirus spreading through tears, it may survive for a long time or replicate in the conjunctiva, even in absence of conjunctivitis signs, indicating that eye protection (e.g., protective goggles alone or in association with face shield) is advisable to prevent contamination from external droplets and aerosol.

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