Delirium and Substance Withdrawal

2005 ◽  
pp. 545-557
Author(s):  
Alan Valentine ◽  
Jacqueline Bickham
Keyword(s):  
Substance Withdrawal

scholarly journals COVID‐19 encephalopathy masquerading as substance withdrawal

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 2376-2378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Byrnes ◽  
Maneesh Bisen ◽  
Baseer Syed ◽  
Syed Huda ◽  
Zaid Siddique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Withdrawal

Substance Withdrawal in ICU Environment

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Nuria Martínez ◽  
María-Consuelo Pintado
Keyword(s):  
Substance Withdrawal

Pharmacological Treatments of Non-Substance-Withdrawal Delirium: A Systematic Review of Prospective Trials

2014 ◽  
Vol 171 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph I. Friedman ◽  
Laili Soleimani ◽  
Daniel P. McGonigle ◽  
Claudine Egol ◽  
Jeffrey H. Silverstein
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Prospective Trials ◽  
Substance Withdrawal

scholarly journals Delirium in the course of dependence upon gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) - a case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-302
Author(s):  
Łukasz Łobejko ◽  
Piotr Machała ◽  
Agata Makarewicz ◽  
Hanna Karakuła Juchnowicz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Dependence ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Psychiatric Ward ◽  
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Withdrawal Syndromes ◽  
Substance Withdrawal ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Gamma Butyrolactone

AbstractGamma-butyrolactone (GBL) is an organic chemical compound of the lactones group, undergoing biotransformation into gamma-hydroxybutyrate after the intake (GHB). Because of the easy access, low price and fast psychotropic effect, GBL is becoming increasingly popular substance having intoxicating effect. Taking of GBL causes dose-dependent euphoric, sedative, hypnotic effects. Its use can quickly lead to physical dependence with severe course of withdrawal syndromes. Withdrawal symptoms resemble those occurring in the course of addiction to alcohol or benzodiazepines. In some patients, delirium develops during substance withdrawal. There are described severe, life-threatening complications in the course of delirium in GBL-dependent patients. The management of withdrawal syndromes and delirium mainly involves administration of benzodiazepines. In this paper, we present a case of delirium in 24-year-old man addicted to GBL hospitalized in a psychiatric ward. Delirium in this patient went without complications and was successfully managed with diazepam and lorazepam.

scholarly journals Sleep disturbances, psychiatric disorders, and psychotropic drugs

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-334
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Pathophysiological Process ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
Brain Neurotransmitter ◽  
Substance Withdrawal ◽  
The Relationship

Brain neurotransmitter dysfunctions involved in the pathophysiological processes of psychiatric disorders are likely to be reflected by concomitant alterations in sleep continuity and architecture. Since the corrective effects of psychotropic drugs on dysfunctional neurotransmission systems can be evidenced through polysomnographic recordings, one may consider sleep as a kind of "window" on the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders. During the last 10 years, major breakthroughs in our understanding of sleep-wake mechanisms have provided some indications on how psychotropic drugs could influence the sleep-wake cycle. In this review, recent inroads into the understanding of sleep regulatory neural mechanisms are introduced and discussed in terms of the effects of psychotropic drugs. The relationship between the pathophysiological process of a disease, its consequence on sleep, and the corrective effect of a psychotropic drug are exemplified by two psychopathological states: substance withdrawal and major depression. One may conclude that polysomnographic recordings are a unique noninvasive tool to analyze brain functioning, and are particularly well suited to evaluating the objective effects of new psychotropic drugs.

Substance Withdrawal

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-631
Author(s):  
William K. Chiang ◽  
Lewis R. Goldfrank
Keyword(s):  
Substance Withdrawal

Anticonvulsant drugs in the treatment of substance withdrawal

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 603 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.F. Zullino ◽  
Y. Khazaal ◽  
J. Hattenschwiler ◽  
F. Borgeat ◽  
J. Besson
Keyword(s):  
Anticonvulsant Drugs ◽  
Substance Withdrawal

scholarly journals Dynamics of neurotransmitter and extracellular vesicle-derived microRNA landscapes during heroin and methamphetamine withdrawal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juehua Yu ◽  
Fengrong Chen ◽  
Yu Xu ◽  
Kai Shi ◽  
Zunyue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Development ◽  
System Development ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Neuronal Model ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Bioinformatics Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Function ◽  
Substance Withdrawal

AbstractCirculating miRNAs in small vesicles known as exosomes within blood have been emerging as a new research hotspot in the field of psychiatric disorders. The aim of this work was to characterize the changes in exosomal microRNA profiles, both short-term and long-term, during substance withdrawal using a cross-sectional study design. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, a series of known, conserved, and novel exosomal microRNAs were identified as being associated with withdrawal stage and key neurotransmitters GABA, choline, and serotonin. Bioinformatics analyses established that the differences in the miRNA profile target signaling pathways are associated with developmental and intellectual abnormalities. Notably, a set of dysregulated microRNA signatures including hsa-mia-451a and hsa-mir-21a resulted in an AUC of 0.966 and 0.861, respectively, for predicting patients with substance use disorders. Furthermore, hsa-miR-744a-5p was positively correlated with serotonin, and its important role in maintaining neuronal development and function was revealed using an in vitro human induced pluripotent stem cells derived neuronal model. Taken together, these data suggest that the microRNA content of circulating exosomes represent a biomolecular “fingerprint” of the progression of substance withdrawal and may uncover the putative mechanism of how these exosomal microRNAs contribute to central nervous system development and function.

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