Air Pollutants, Epithelial Surfaces and Lung Disease

2005 ◽  
pp. 157-193
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Sherman ◽  
Janice Peake ◽  
Viviana Wong ◽  
Kent Pinkerton
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Air Pollutants

Animal Models to Assess the Effects of Air Pollutants on Allergic Lung Disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 919 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARYJANE K. SELGRADE ◽  
AMY L. LAMBERT ◽  
MARSHA D. W. WARD ◽  
M. IAN GILMOUR
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Allergic Lung Disease

Environmental Lung Diseases: Relationship between Acute Inflammatory Responses to Air Pollutants and Chronic Lung Disease

1992 ◽  
Vol 145 (6) ◽  
pp. 1506-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Crapo ◽  
Frederick J. Miller ◽  
Brooke Mossman ◽  
William A. Pryor ◽  
James P. Kiley
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Responses

scholarly journals Air pollutants and development of interstitial lung disease in patients with connective tissue disease: a population-based case–control study in Taiwan

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e041405
Author(s):  
Hsin-Hua Chen ◽  
You-Ming Yong ◽  
Ching-Heng Lin ◽  
Yi-Hsing Chen ◽  
Der-Yuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Control Study

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the association between air pollutant exposure and interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs).SettingA nationwide, population-based, matched case–control study in Taiwan.ParticipantsUsing the 1997–2013 Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database, we identified patients with newly diagnosed CTD during 2001–2013, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), dermatomyositis (DMtis)/polymyositis (PM) and primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS).Primary and secondary outcome measuresPatients with newly diagnosed ILD during 2012–2013 were identified as ILD cases, and selected patients with CTD without ILD matching (1:4) the CTD cases for CTD diagnosis, age, gender, disease duration and year of ILD diagnosis date were identified as non-ILD controls. Data of hourly level of air pollutants 1 year before the index date were obtained from the Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency. The association between ILD and air pollutant exposure was evaluated using logistic regression analysis shown as adjusted ORs (aORs) with 95% CIs after adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsWe identified 505 newly diagnosed CTD-ILD patients, including 82 with SLE, 210 with RA, 47 with SSc, 44 with DMtis/PM and 122 with pSS. Ozone (O3) exposure (per 10 ppb) was associated with a decreased ILD risk in patients with CTD (aOR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.79) after adjusting for potential confounders.ConclusionsA previously unrecognised inverse correlation was found between O3 exposure and ILD in patients with RA and SSc. Further studies are warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Synergistic Effect of Temperature and Air Pollutants on Chronic Lung Diseases in Subtropical Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 819
Author(s):  
Da-Wei Wu ◽  
Szu-Chia Chen ◽  
Hung-Pin Tu ◽  
Chih-Wen Wang ◽  
Chih-Hsing Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Previous studies have suggested an association between air pollution and lung disease. However, few studies have explored the relationship between chronic lung diseases classified by lung function and environmental parameters. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the relationship between chronic lung diseases, air pollution, meteorological factors, and anthropometric indices. We conducted a cross-sectional study using the Taiwan Biobank and the Taiwan Air Quality Monitoring Database. A total of 2889 participants were included. We found a V/U-shaped relationship between temperature and air pollutants, with significant effects at both high and low temperatures. In addition, at lower temperatures (<24.6 °C), air pollutants including carbon monoxide (CO) (adjusted OR (aOR):1.78/Log 1 ppb, 95% CI 0.98–3.25; aOR:5.35/Log 1 ppb, 95% CI 2.88–9.94), nitrogen monoxide (NO) (aOR:1.05/ppm, 95% CI 1.01–1.09; aOR:1.11/ppm, 95% CI 1.07–1.15), nitrogen oxides (NOx) (aOR:1.02/ppm, 95% CI 1.00–1.05; aOR:1.06/ppm, 95% CI 1.04–1.08), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) (aOR:1.29/ppm, 95% CI 1.01–1.65; aOR:1.77/ppm, 95% CI 1.36–2.30) were associated with restrictive and mixed lung diseases, respectively. Exposure to CO, NO, NO2, NOx and SO2 significantly affected obstructive and mixed lung disease in southern Taiwan. In conclusion, temperature and air pollution should be considered together when evaluating the impact on chronic lung diseases.

Some Effects of Oxidant Air Pollutants (Ozone and Peroxyacetyl Nitrate) on the Ultrastructure of Leaf Tissues

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 360-361
Author(s):  
William W. Thomson ◽  
Elizabeth S. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Peroxyacetyl Nitrate ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Physiology And Biochemistry ◽  
Entire Plant ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
The Individual

The oxidant air pollutants, ozone and peroxyacetyl nitrate, are produced in the atmosphere through the interaction of light with nitrogen oxides and gaseous hydrocarbons. These oxidants are phytotoxicants and are known to deleteriously affect plant growth, physiology, and biochemistry. In many instances they induce changes which lead to the death of cells, tissues, organs, and frequently the entire plant. The most obvious damage and biochemical changes are generally observed with leaves.Electron microscopic examination of leaves from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and cotton (Gossipyum hirsutum L.) fumigated for .5 to 2 hours with 0.3 -1 ppm of the individual oxidants revealed that changes in the ultrastructure of the cells occurred in a sequential fashion with time following the fumigation period. Although occasional cells showed severe damage immediately after fumigation, the most obvious change was an enhanced clarity of the cell membranes.

Freeze-dried dispersions for automated SEM analysis of individual submicron airborne particulates

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 408-409
Author(s):  
Karen A. Katrinak ◽  
David W. Brekke ◽  
John P. Hurley
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Individual Particle ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Bulk Analysis ◽  
Airborne Particulates ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Individual Particle Analysis

Individual-particle analysis is well established as an alternative to bulk analysis of airborne particulates. It yields size and chemical data on a particle-by-particle basis, information that is critical in predicting the behavior of air pollutants. Individual-particle analysis is especially important for particles with diameter < 1 μm, because particles in this size range have a disproportionately large effect on atmospheric visibility and health.

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