scholarly journals - Climate Change Effects on Insects: Implications for Crop Protection and Food Security

2013 ◽  
pp. 230-253 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Climate Change Effects

scholarly journals Application of a 1 km2 resolution model for climate change effects upon Benin and Nigeria vegetable agriculture

GEOMATICA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-106
Author(s):  
Colin Minielly ◽  
O. Clement Adebooye ◽  
P.B. Irenikatche Akponikpe ◽  
Durodoluwa J. Oyedele ◽  
Dirk de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Climate Modelling ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Amaranthus Cruentus ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Climate Change Effects

Climate change and food security are complex global issues that require multidisciplinary approaches to resolve. A nexus exists between both issues, especially in developing countries, but little prior research has successfully bridged the divide. Existing resolutions to climate change and food security are expensive and resource demanding. Climate modelling is at the forefront of climate change literature and development planning, whereas agronomy research is leading food security plans. The Benin Republic and Nigeria have grown and developed in recent years but may not have all the tools required to implement and sustain long-term food security in the face of climate change. The objective of this paper is to describe the development and outputs of a new model that bridges climate change and food security. Data from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s 5th Regional Assessment (IPCC AR5) were combined with a biodiversity database to develop the model to derive these outputs. The model was used to demonstrate what potential impacts climate change will have on the regional food security by incorporating agronomic data from four local underutilized indigenous vegetables (Amaranthus cruentus L., Solanum macrocarpon L., Telfairia occidentalis Hook f., and Ocimum gratissimum L.). The model shows that, by 2099, there is significant uncertainty within the optimal recommendations that originated from the MicroVeg project. This suggests that MicroVeg will not have long-term success for food security unless additional options (e.g., new field trials, shifts in vegetable grown) are considered, creating the need for need for more dissemination tools.

scholarly journals Food Security in the Era of Sustainable Organic Farming: A Comparison Between the Visegrad Group and India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Priya Rani Bhagat ◽  
Róbert Magda
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Agriculture Industry ◽  
Visegrad Group

Abstract The agriculture industry has undergone many developments that embraced automation, agro-chemical fertilizers, genetically modified organisms etc that brought exponential growth in productivity post industrial revolution. This growth resolved the food availability issues on a global scale, but rapid climate change has brought about a shift in production practices to more sustainable organic farming techniques from the conventional methods. The climate change effects and increase in greenhouse gas emissions adversely affected the overall agricultural output. The widespread perception is that adoption of organic farming can reduce the harmful greenhouse emissions and be less damaging to the environment, although expecting the same level of productivity as conventional farming is challenging. This gradual shift can cause future food security problems such as availability and affordability of food in developing countries. This article compares and analyses such trend in the Visegrad group (V4) and India. The comparison between a group of developed nations and a developing nation is of exploratory interest because V4 countries are regarded as high-income countries and they are leaders in organic cultivation practices since the 1980s, whereas India as a developing country has seen substantial conversion of agriculture land area from conventional to organic farming in the past decade.

scholarly journals Complementary Irrigation Effect on Seed Cotton Yield in North Côte d’Ivoire

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Brahima Traoré ◽  
Tagouèlbè Tiho ◽  
Zégoua Régis N’gatta ◽  
Jean Pohé
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Cash Crop ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Irrigation Effect

The study was set to assess a complementary irrigation effect on seed cotton yields in the Northern Côte d’Ivoire where the cotton is the main cash crop. Firstly, the soil samples were collected from the surface down to 30 cm depth and analyzed. The soil was sandy and silty. So, 65 kg of 46%urea and 285 kg of NPKSB15-15-15-6-1 were applied for its correction. Secondly, in a complete randomized blocks, four tests were conducted, within those were T0 (no complementary irrigation and no crop protection products and fertilizers), T1 (no complementary irrigation, with crop protection products and fertilizers, the cotton cultivation ongoing practice in the Northern Cote d’Ivoire, therefore the reference), T2 (complementary irrigation, along with crop protection products and fertilizers), T3 (only complementary irrigation, without any crop protection products and fertilizers). Thirdly, the tests were replicated in 3 blocks. As a result, from T1 to T2, the plants heights, the plants density at harvest period, bolls number per plant and seed cotton yields were respectively 88.58±1.78 vs 96.08±1.78 cm (+8.47%) at day 73; 53,934±1,260.78 vs 67,593±1,260.78 plants per ha (+25.32%); 23.11±0.81 vs 26.39±0.81 bolls per plant (+14.19%) and 1,616.26±67.86 vs 2,657.77±67.86 kg/ha (+64.44%). Conversely, the complementary irrigation led to higher pest damages on bolls, because 13±2.2% of T2 bolls were attacked, while just 4.6±2.2% of T1 bolls were damaged by insects’ pest. Looking for solutions linked to climate change effects, a complementary irrigation in cotton farms in the Northern Côte d’Ivoire could be profitable to the cotton growers. Nonetheless, the farmers should pay a great attention to the pest management.

Assessing Gender Equality in Climate Change Advocacy Campaign for Sustainable Agricultural Food Security in Uganda

2021 ◽  
pp. 207-217
Author(s):  
Wilson Okaka
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
The Face ◽  
Agricultural Food

This chapter examines climate change and variability emergency disaster risks on agricultural food security of the local communities in Africa with a focus on gender equality lens in Uganda. Ugandan women contribute up to 75% of domestic food production and yet they are often overburdened with reproduction, household management, gender-specific discrimination, and adverse climate change effects like agricultural droughts, flash flooding, violent windstorms, or water stress. To ensure sustainable food security in the face of climate change vulnerability risks, the role of women is vital. Communication strategy to promote local climate information service (CIS) delivery system has been developed by the local government district planners in the park areas, but there is a lack of capacity to raise public awareness of the gender equality for the empowerment of women and girls for sustainable food security through agriculture production in Uganda for enhanced livelihood assets.

scholarly journals Sustainable Farming Practices: Knowledge and Practices of Smallholder Farmers in Bamenda Highlands, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-39
Author(s):  
Christian Tegha Kum ◽  
Aaron Suh Tening ◽  
Martin Ngwabie ◽  
Cornelius Tsamo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Sustainable Farming

Background: Climate change inflicts negative consequences on food production especially on smallholder farms needed to achieve food security. Sustainable farming techniques seem to be the bridge between climate change and food security. Aims: To evaluate knowledge and practices of sustainable agriculture within smallholder farmers in the Bamenda Highlands, by identifying methods of pest and disease control, soil preservation options, and their different tillage practices, i.e., conventional versus sustainable practices. Study Design: Using a questionnaire survey. Place of Study: Bamenda Highlands, Cameroon. Methodology: A sample of 175 smallholder farmers (25 from each of the seven administrative divisions) were questioned about their tillage, soil preservation, crop protection, and knowledge of sustainable farming practices. Data collected were analysed and summarised to obtain frequencies and percentages. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to test for significant relationships between the pairs of variables (age, level of formal education, sex, some tillage and soil preservation practices). Results: Out of the 161 farmers who returned the answered questionnaire, 111(68.9%) agreed to have knowledge of sustainable farming but yet 158(98.1%) were still involved with conventional unsustainable practices such as tillage with the formation ridges, and 150(93.2%) used mineral fertilizers and pesticides. Crop rotation 102(64.2%), intercropping 110(68.3%), and legume integration 124(78.0%) were the most used sustainable farming practices. Sex (r=0.419, P=0.000), age (r=0.450, P=0.000), level of education (r=0.430, P=0.000), no till (r=0.19, P=0.016), crop rotation (r=0.158, P=0.040), and intercropping (r=0.227, P=0.045) all showed significant positive relationships with knowledge of sustainable farming at α=0.05. Conclusions: Sufficient knowledge and capacity development on sustainable farming may decrease usage of unsustainable farming practices, hence improving the adoption of sustainable farming practices.

Assessing Gender Equality in Climate Change Advocacy Campaign for Sustainable Agricultural Food Security in Uganda

2022 ◽  
pp. 1220-1228
Author(s):  
Wilson Okaka
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
The Face ◽  
Agricultural Food

This chapter examines climate change and variability emergency disaster risks on agricultural food security of the local communities in Africa with a focus on gender equality lens in Uganda. Ugandan women contribute up to 75% of domestic food production and yet they are often overburdened with reproduction, household management, gender-specific discrimination, and adverse climate change effects like agricultural droughts, flash flooding, violent windstorms, or water stress. To ensure sustainable food security in the face of climate change vulnerability risks, the role of women is vital. Communication strategy to promote local climate information service (CIS) delivery system has been developed by the local government district planners in the park areas, but there is a lack of capacity to raise public awareness of the gender equality for the empowerment of women and girls for sustainable food security through agriculture production in Uganda for enhanced livelihood assets.

scholarly journals Redefining Global Food Security: Do we really have a Global Food Crisis?

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Percy M. Chimwamurombe ◽  
Charlie C. Luchen ◽  
Paidamoyo N. Mataranyika
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
World Population ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Global Food

With the Climate change effects becoming more and more undoubted in the world populations, the reality of food production trends taking a negative curve is clear. This bring up the questions of whether the farmers will be able to produce food for the sustenance of the world population or not? The rate of developing food shortage coping mechanisms in this regard is slower that the ravaging negative climate change effects of drought and floods on farm performance. This commentary has the aim of requesting a fresh discussion around the fundamentals of what is food, what is a food security and what is nutritional security? It is possible that the humanity has a perception that needs refocusing. This is a perception that some people may choose out of non-food safety issues not to eat certain foods while other however healthily eat such food. It therefore becomes hard to technically accept that food is in short supply for those the opt not to eat that which is edible.

scholarly journals Climate Change Effects on Agriculture and Food Security in Tajikistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-112
Author(s):  
Parviz Khakimov ◽  
Jovidon Aliev ◽  
Timothy S. Thomas ◽  
Jarilkasin Ilyasov ◽  
Shahnila Dunston
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Agriculture And Food

scholarly journals Applications of Nanotechnology in Plant Growth and Crop Protection: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifen Shang ◽  
Md. Kamrul Hasan ◽  
Golam Jalal Ahammed ◽  
Mengqi Li ◽  
Hanqin Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Controlled Delivery ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
And Control

In the era of climate change, global agricultural systems are facing numerous, unprecedented challenges. In order to achieve food security, advanced nano-engineering is a handy tool for boosting crop production and assuring sustainability. Nanotechnology helps to improve agricultural production by increasing the efficiency of inputs and minimizing relevant losses. Nanomaterials offer a wider specific surface area to fertilizers and pesticides. In addition, nanomaterials as unique carriers of agrochemicals facilitate the site-targeted controlled delivery of nutrients with increased crop protection. Due to their direct and intended applications in the precise management and control of inputs (fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides), nanotools, such as nanobiosensors, support the development of high-tech agricultural farms. The integration of biology and nanotechnology into nonosensors has greatly increased their potential to sense and identify the environmental conditions or impairments. In this review, we summarize recent attempts at innovative uses of nanotechnologies in agriculture that may help to meet the rising demand for food and environmental sustainability.

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