- Potential Protective Effects of Wine and the Wine-Derived Phenolic Compounds on Brain Function

2013 ◽  
pp. 346-361
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Protective Effects

scholarly journals Moderators of the Impact of (Poly)Phenols Interventions on Psychomotor Functions and BDNF: Insights from Subgroup Analysis and Meta-Regression

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2872
Author(s):  
Achraf Ammar ◽  
Khaled Trabelsi ◽  
Omar Boukhris ◽  
Bassem Bouaziz ◽  
Patrick Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Psychomotor Performance ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Moderator Variables ◽  
Psychomotor Functions ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Participant Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

Background: Recent anti-aging interventions have shown contradictory impacts of (poly)phenols regarding the prevention of cognitive decline and maintenance of brain function. These discrepancies have been linked to between-study differences in supplementation protocols. This subgroup analysis and meta-regression aimed to (i) examine differential effects of moderator variables related to participant characteristics and supplementation protocols and (ii) identify practical recommendations to design effective (poly)phenol supplementation protocols for future anti-aging interventions. Methods: Multiple electronic databases (Web of Science; PubMed) searched for relevant intervention published from inception to July 2019. Using the PICOS criteria, a total of 4303 records were screened. Only high-quality studies (n = 15) were included in the final analyses. Random-effects meta-analysis was used, and we calculated standard differences in means (SDM), effect size (ES), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for two sufficiently comparable items (i.e., psychomotor function and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)). When significant heterogeneity was computed (I2 > 50%), a subgroup and meta-regression analysis were performed to examine the moderation effects of participant characteristics and supplementation protocols. Results: The reviewed studies support the beneficial effect of (poly)phenols-rich supplementation on psychomotor functions (ES = −0.677, p = 0.001) and brain plasticity (ES = 1.168, p = 0.028). Subgroup analysis revealed higher beneficial impacts of (poly)phenols (i) in younger populations compared to older (SDM = −0.89 vs. −0.47 for psychomotor performance, and 2.41 vs. 0.07 for BDNF, respectively), (ii) following an acute compared to chronic supplementation (SDM = −1.02 vs. −0.43 for psychomotor performance), and (iii) using a phenolic compound with medium compared to low bioavailability rates (SDM = −0.76 vs. −0.68 for psychomotor performance and 3.57 vs. 0.07 for DBNF, respectively). Meta-regressions revealed greater improvement in BDNF levels with lower percentages of female participants (Q = 40.15, df = 6, p < 0.001) and a skewed scatter plot toward a greater impact using higher (poly)phenols doses. Conclusion: This review suggests that age group, gender, the used phenolic compounds, their human bioavailability rate, and the supplementation dose as the primary moderator variables relating to the beneficial effects of (poly)phenol consumption on cognitive and brain function in humans. Therefore, it seems more advantageous to start anti-aging (poly)phenol interventions in adults earlier in life using medium (≈500 mg) to high doses (≈1000 mg) of phenolic compounds, with at least medium bioavailability rate (≥9%).

scholarly journals Eat Tasty and Healthy: Role of Polyphenols in Functional Foods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Bessa-Pereira ◽  
Ricardo Dias ◽  
Elsa Brandão ◽  
Nuno Mateus ◽  
Victor de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Immune Reactions ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Need To Evaluate

Adverse reactions to food such as allergies and celiac disease are increasingly recognized as a growing public health burden. There is currently no cure for these diseases so that there is an unmet need to evaluate different nutritional approaches aiming at improving the quality of life of affected patients and their families. In this context, healthy promising nature-derived compounds, most of which contained in fruits and vegetables, have been studied as an alternative to attenuate the epidemic. Indeed, phenolic compounds have become an emerging field of interest in nutrition in the last decades. A growing build of research suggests that phenolic compounds inhibit pro-inflammatory transcription factors by interacting with proteins involved in gene expression and cell signaling, leading to protective effects against many inflammation-mediated chronic diseases. However, the use of phenolic compounds as attenuating agents of immune reactions to food has to be aligned to the organoleptic characteristics of food, since many compounds present unpleasant taste properties, namely bitter taste and astringency. In this framework, tasty but healthy phenolic compounds arise as attractive ingredients in the design and formulation of functional foods. This book chapter is focused on revisiting the organoleptic properties of phenolic compounds while evaluating the role of these compounds in health promoting actions, namely the management of immune reactions to food such as Food Allergies and Celiac Disease.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds of Strawberry and Blueberry and Their Potential Health Effects Based on Human Intervention Studies: A Brief Overview

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Miller ◽  
Walter Feucht ◽  
Markus Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Potential Health

Strawberries and blueberries are two of the most commonly consumed berries. Berries, in general, are characterized by their highly nutritive compounds, including minerals, vitamins, fatty acids, and dietary fiber, as well as their high content and wide diversity of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds and organic acids. These bioactive compounds have been associated with protective effects against chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, Alzheimer’s and other disorders. In this paper 16 human intervention studies investigating the beneficial health effects of dietary strawberry or blueberry consumption on inflammation, cardiovascular disease or cognitive function and mental health are reviewed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Nephroprotective Effect of Sambucus Nigra Total Extract in a Rat Experimental Model of Gentamicine Nephrotoxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1971-1974
Author(s):  
Rodica Ungur ◽  
Roxana Buzatu ◽  
Radu Lacatus ◽  
Robert Cristian Purdoiu ◽  
Georgiana Petrut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Nephroprotective Effect

Elderflower contains flavonoles, the most important of them being quercetin. These molecules have an important antioxidant effect. The goal of our study was to evaluate which conservation technique of elderflower results the highest concentration of rutin and and phenolic compounds. Further we evaluated the protective effects of these extracts against nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin in rats. Sambucus nigra extract demonstrates nephroprotective effects in gentamicin-induced renal toxicity, significantly improving outcome and evolution in rats.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Defatted Sticky Rice Bran Extracts on the Early Stages of Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 2142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aphisit Dokkaew ◽  
Charatda Punvittayagul ◽  
Orapin Insuan ◽  
Pornngarm Limtrakul (Dejkriengkraikul) ◽  
Rawiwan Wongpoomchai
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Preneoplastic Lesions ◽  
Rice Bran Extract ◽  
Initiation Stage

Use of natural products is one strategy to lessen cancer incidence. Rice bran, especially from colored rice, contains high antioxidant activity. Cancer chemopreventive effects of hydrophilic purple rice bran extract (PRBE) and white rice bran extract (WRBE) on carcinogen-induced preneoplastic lesion formation in livers of rats were investigated. A 15-week administration of PRBE and WRBE did not induce hepatic glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P) positive foci formation as the biomarker of rat hepatocarcinogenesis. PRBE and WRBE at 500 mg/kg body weight significantly decreased number and size of GST-P positive foci in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-initiated rats. The number of proliferating nuclear antigen positive hepatocytes were also reduced in preneoplastic lesions in both PRBE and WRBE fed DEN-treated rats. Notably, the inhibitory effect on GST-P positive foci formation induced by DEN during the initiation stage was found only in rats treated by PRBE for five weeks. Furthermore, PRBE attenuated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines involving genes including TNF-α, iNOS, and NF-κB. PBRE contained a higher number of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds and vitamin E. PRBE might protect DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats via attenuation of cellular inflammation and cell proliferation. Anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds, as well as vitamin E, might play a role in cancer chemopreventive activity in rice bran extract.

scholarly journals Understanding the protective effects of wine components and their metabolites in the brain function

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 04008
Author(s):  
A. Esteban-Fernández ◽  
D. Gigorro del Coso ◽  
D. González de Llano ◽  
J. Spencer ◽  
B. Bartolomé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
The Brain

Protective Effects of Phenolic Compounds on CCl4-Induced Toxicity in Isolated Rat Hepatocytes

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T. Añón ◽  
A. Ubeda ◽  
M.J. Alcaraz
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Chlorogenic Acids ◽  
Spontaneous Release ◽  
Isolated Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Cinnamic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Benzoic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Isolated Rat

Abstract The protective effects of a series of phenolic compounds, phenolic acids and flavonoids on the cytotoxicity of CCl4 in rat hepatocytes were studied. A number of flavones, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone, luteolin and hypolaetin-8-glucoside, flavonols, morin, quercetin, robinetin and gossypin, phenolic acids, gallic, caffeic and chlorogenic acids, as well as the flavane ( + )-catechin significantly inhibited alanine amine transferase (ALT) release. Catechol groups are determinant for the protective activity of flavonoids and cinnamic acid derivatives, as well as the resorcinol or pyrogallol moieties in the B ring of flavonoids. In benzoic acid derivatives a pyrogallol group is required. This feature is associated with the inhibition of ALT spontaneous release.

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