13b Astrocytic tumors, low-grade: treatment considerations by primary site and tumor dissemination

2004 ◽  
pp. 287-304 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Site ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Astrocytic Tumors ◽  
Tumor Dissemination ◽  
Treatment Considerations

Prognostic histopathologic features of canine glial tumors

2021 ◽  
pp. 030098582110257
Author(s):  
Joshua L. Merickel ◽  
G. Elizabeth Pluhar ◽  
Aaron Rendahl ◽  
M. Gerard O’Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Astrocytic Tumors ◽  
Translational Model ◽  
Poor Survival ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
Tumor Biopsies ◽  
Prognostic Data

Gliomas are relatively common tumors in aged dogs (especially brachycephalic breeds), and the dog is proving to be useful as a translational model for humans with brain tumors. Hitherto, there is relatively little prognostic data for canine gliomas and none on outcome related to specific histological features. Histologic sections of tumor biopsies from 33 dogs with glioma treated with surgical resection and immunotherapy and 21 whole brains obtained postmortem were reviewed. Tumors were diagnosed as astrocytic, oligodendroglial, or undefined glioma using Comparative Brain Tumor Consortium criteria. Putative features of malignancy were evaluated, namely, mitotic counts, glomeruloid vascularization, and necrosis. For biopsies, dogs with astrocytic tumors lived longer than those with oligodendroglial or undefined tumor types (median survival 743, 205, and 144 days, respectively). Dogs with low-grade gliomas lived longer than those with high-grade gliomas (median survival 734 and 194 days, respectively). Based on analysis of tumor biopsies, low mitotic counts, absence of glomeruloid vascularization, and absence of necrosis correlated with increased survival (median 293, 223, and 220 days, respectively), whereas high mitotic counts, glomeruloid vascularization, and necrosis correlated with poor survival (median 190, 170, and 154 days, respectively). Mitotic count was the only histological feature in biopsy samples that significantly correlated with survival ( P < .05). Whole-brain analyses for those same histologic features had similar and more robust correlations, and were statistically significant for all features ( P < .05). The small size of biopsy samples may explain differences between biopsy and whole-brain tumor data. These findings will allow more accurate prognosis for gliomas.

scholarly journals Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma: A rare case in an unusual location

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2094431
Author(s):  
Diandra Perez ◽  
Ola El-Zammar ◽  
Brando Cobanov ◽  
Rana Naous
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Deep Soft Tissue ◽  
Unusual Location ◽  
Fibromyxoid Sarcoma ◽  
Intrathoracic Mass

Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma, also known as Evans tumor, is a low-grade sarcoma that most commonly arises in the deep soft tissue of the proximal extremities or trunk in young adults. It is very rare in the viscera as a primary site, with only a few cases reported in the literature. Here, we present a case of Evans tumor occurring in an unusual and rarely reported location; an intrathoracic mass arising from the diaphragmatic pleura.

scholarly journals Prognostic factors in non-Hodgkin lymphomas

2000 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Zattar Cecyn ◽  
José Salvador Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Antônio Correia Alves ◽  
Maria Regina Regis Silva ◽  
José Kerbauy
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
Intermediate Grade ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Tumor Dissemination ◽  
Mediastinal Disease ◽  
Extranodal Disease

CONTEXT: In Hodgkin's disease, each clinical or pathologic stage can be related to the extent of the area involved and predicts the next anatomical region at risk for tumor dissemination. OBJECTIVE: To determine the best prognostic factors that could predict survival in non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases. DESIGN: A retrospective study. LOCATION: Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina. PARTICIPANTS: 142 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosed between February 1988 and March 1993. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Histological subset, Sex, Age, Race, B symptoms, Performance status, Stage, Extranodal disease, Bulk disease, Mediastinal disease, CNS involvement, BM infiltration, Level of DHL, Immunophenotype. RESULTS: In the first study (113 patients), the following variables had a worse influence on survival: yellow race (P<0.1); ECOG II, III e IV (P<0.1) and extranodal disease (P<0.1) for high grade lymphomas; constitutional symptoms (P<0.1), ECOG II, III e IV (P<0.1) and involvement of CNS (P<0.1) for intermediate grade and the subtype lymphoplasmocytoid (P=0.0186) for low grade lymphomas. In the second survey (93 patients), when treatment was included, the variables related to NHL survival were: CNS involvement (P<0.1) for high grade lymphomas, constitutional symptoms (P<0.1), ECOG II, III, IV (P=0.0185) and also CNS involvement (P<0.1) for the intermediate group. There were no variables related to the survival for low-grade lymphomas. CONCLUSIONS: The intermediate grade lymphomas were more compatible with data found in the literature, probably because of the larger number of patients. In this specific case, the treatment did not have an influence on the survival.

Analysis of loss of heterozygosity for chromosome 10 in patients with malignant astrocytic tumors: correlation with patient age and survival

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Tada ◽  
Shoji Shiraishi ◽  
Takanori Kamiryo ◽  
Hideo Nakamura ◽  
Hirofumi Hirano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Loss Of Heterozygosity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Astrocytic Tumors ◽  
Chromosome 10 ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Unfavorable Prognostic Factor ◽  
Patient Âgé ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The most frequent genetic abnormality in human malignant gliomas is loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 10. Candidate genes on chromosome 10 that are associated with the prognosis of patients with anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) and glioblastoma (GBM) were evaluated. Methods. The authors used 12 fluorescent microsatellite markers on both arms of chromosome 10 to study LOH in 108 primary astrocytic tumors. The LOH on chromosome 10 was observed in 11 (32%) of 34 AAs and 34 (56%) of 61 GBMs. No LOH was detected in 13 low-grade gliomas. Loss of heterozygosity was not detected in any AA in the seven patients younger than 35 years, but it was discovered in 41% of the patients older than 35 years. The prognostic significance of LOH at each locus was evaluated in 89 patients older than 15 years; 33 (37%) had supratentorial AAs and 56 (63%) had supratentorial GBMs. The Cox proportional hazards model, adjusted for patient age at surgery, the preoperative Karnofsky Performance Scale score, and the extent of surgical resection revealed that LOH on marker D10S209 near the FGFR2 and DMBT1 genes was significantly associated with shorter survival in patients with AA. The LOH on markers D10S215 and D10S541, which contain the PTEN/MMAC1 gene between them, was significantly associated with shorter survival in patients with GBM. Conclusions. In the present study it is found that LOH on chromosome 10 is an age-dependent event for patients with AAs and that LOH on marker D10S209 near the FGFR2 and DMBT1 loci is a significantly unfavorable prognostic factor. It is also reported that LOH on the PTEN/MMAC1 gene is a significantly unfavorable prognostic factor in patients with GBM.

scholarly journals Inactivation of TRP53, PTEN, RB1, and/or CDH1 in the ovarian surface epithelium induces ovarian cancer transformation and metastasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 1055-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingxin Shi ◽  
Allison E Whorton ◽  
Nikola Sekulovski ◽  
Marilène Paquet ◽  
James A MacLean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Surface Epithelium ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Type I ◽  
Epithelial Hyperplasia ◽  
Genetically Engineered Mouse Models ◽  
Ovarian Surface ◽  
Tumor Dissemination

Abstract Ovarian cancer (OvCa) remains the most common cause of death from gynecological malignancies. Genetically engineered mouse models have been used to study initiation, origin, progression, and/or mechanisms of OvCa. Based on the clinical features of OvCa, we examined a quadruple combination of pathway perturbations including PTEN, TRP53, RB1, and/or CDH1. To characterize the cancer-promoting events in the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE), Amhr2cre/+ mice were used to ablate floxed alleles of Pten, Trp53, and Cdh1, which were crossed with TgK19GT121 mice to inactivate RB1 in KRT19-expressing cells. Inactivation of PTEN, TRP53, and RB1 with or without CDH1 led to the development of type I low-grade OvCa with enlarged serous papillary carcinomas and some high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs) in older mice. Initiation of epithelial hyperplasia and micropapillary carcinoma started earlier at 1 month in the triple mutations of Trp53, Pten, and Rb1 mice as compared to 2 months in quadruple mutations of Trp53, Pten, Rb1, and Cdh1 mice, whereas both genotypes eventually developed enlarged proliferating tumors that invaded into the ovary at 3–4 months. Mice with triple and quadruple mutations developed HGSC and/or metastatic tumors, which disseminated into the peritoneal cavity at 4–6 months. In summary, inactivation of PTEN, TRP53, and RB1 initiates OvCa from the OSE. Additional ablation of CDH1 further increased persistence of tumor dissemination and ascites fluid accumulation enhancing peritoneal metastasis.

E 1308: A phase II trial of induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by cetuximab with low dose versus standard dose IMRT in patients with human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated resectable squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (OPSCC).

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6005-6005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanthi Marur ◽  
Shuli Li ◽  
Anthony Cmelak ◽  
Maura L. Gillison ◽  
Robert L. Ferris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Radiation Dermatitis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Secondary Endpoints ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Grade 3

6005 Background: HPV is associated with 60-80% of OPSCC. E2399 results showed IC followed by (f/b) paclitaxel (P)/3D RT (70Gy) improved 2-yr progression-free (PFS) for HPV+ compared to HPV- OPSCC. We studied a regimen with 20% radiation dose reduction to 54Gy in HPV + OPSCC patients (pts) with a clinical complete response (CCR) to IC. Methods: Stage III/IVA,B resectable HPV+ OPSCC were included. Eligible pts received IC q3 week x 3 with P 90mg/m2 days (D) 1,8, 15, cisplatin (CDDP) 75mg/m2 D1, and cetuximab (C) 400 mg/m2 D1, cycle 1 f/b C 250 mg/m2 weekly. Primary tumor and involved nodal response to IC were determined independently. Pts recieved IMRT 54Gy/27 fxs with weekly C for CCR vs. 69.3Gy/33 fxs with weekly C if <CCR. Primary endpoint was 2-year PFS; secondary endpoints were toxicity, OS, response rate, QOL and correlative biomarkers. Results: From March 2010 to Oct 2011, 90 pts were enrolled (80 analyzable). Median age was 57 years, 95% men, 93% Caucasian, 91% PS 0, 46% never smokers, 84% not current smokers. Nodal stage: 39%-N2B, 29%-N2C, T stage: 23%-T1, 50%-T2, 16%-T3, 10%-T4. 96% received all 3 cycles of IC. Grade 3/4 toxicities included: rash (25%), neutropenia (11%). During CRT: oral mucositis (31%), dysphagia (17%), radiation dermatitis (8%). Response: Biopsy at primary site post- baseline measurements rendered 7/80 pts unevaluable (UE), 6/7 had investigator-reported CCR to IC. The centrally reviewed and investigator reported primary site CCR rate to IC was 63.8% ( 95% CI: 52.2%, 74.2%) and 71.3% (95% CI: 60.0%, 80.8%), respectively. Radiation: 73.8% (59/80 pts) received low dose IMRT/C to primary [54Gy (56), 52Gy (1), 40Gy (2)]. Best overall clinical response was 86% (CR +PR+SD) with 14% UE. Rate of post-treatment neck dissection in low dose vs other RT gp is 13.4% vs 22.2% ( p value of 0.46), respectively. Median follow up is 11.8 months. Conclusions: Overall, IC with P, CDDP and C f/b low dose RT with C was well tolerated, with all pts responding and very low grade 3/4 toxicities. Data on PFS are premature. A 2 year PFS of 85% or better will be considered worthy of further study. Clinical trial information: NCT01084083.

Recurrent gain of chromosome arm 7q in low-grade astrocytic tumors studied by comparative genomic hybridization

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelin Schröck ◽  
Collin Blume ◽  
Marie-Christine Meffert ◽  
Stanislas du Manoir ◽  
Wolf Bersch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomic Hybridization ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Astrocytic Tumors ◽  
Genomic Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Arm

scholarly journals Metastatic Neoplasms of the Large Bile Ducts- A Clinicopathological Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 156 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S58-S58
Author(s):  
A Verma ◽  
I Nalbantoglu ◽  
A Barbieri
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Hepatic Duct ◽  
Biliary Tree ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Primary Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Common Hepatic Duct ◽  
Biliary Strictures ◽  
Left Hepatic Duct ◽  
Treatment Considerations

Abstract Introduction/Objective Biliary strictures are often considered malignant until proven otherwise. While the majority of malignant biliary strictures represent a primary neoplasm, secondary involvement by metastasis also rarely occurs. Primary cholangiocarcinoma and metastatic disease have different treatment considerations and likely different prognoses. The aim of this study is to look at the clinico-pathological characteristics of metastatic neoplasms of the bile duct. Methods/Case Report We retrospectively searched the pathology archives for biliary biopsies between 1991-2020. Patients with primary biliary, gallbladder, pancreatic, ampullary and hepatic malignancies and all cases of lymphoma were excluded from the study. A total of 20 cases were included. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) The median age of the patients was 63 years with a M:F ratio of 1.9:1. The biopsies were taken from the common bile duct (n=17), common hepatic duct (n=2) and left hepatic duct (n=1). 8 patients had synchronous and 12 had metachronous presentation. The overall median interval between the bile duct metastasis and primary was 18 months (Range: 0-100 months) for all patients and 33 months for metachronous cases. For 13 tumors, the primary site of origin was in the gastrointestinal tract (colon: 7; stomach: 4; anal canal: 1; gastro-esophageal junction: 1). Other primary sites included breast (3 cases), lung, endometrium and adrenal (1 each). One case presented with metastatic melanoma with an occult primary. Adenocarcinoma was the most common histological subtype seen in 17 cases. Other histological subtypes were squamous cell carcinoma, adrenocortical carcinoma and melanoma. Conclusion Secondary involvement of the bile duct by metastasis is rare. Most cases are metastasis from the lumenal gastrointestinal tract, with colon being the most common primary site. They are more likely to have a metachronous presentation with rare instances of bile duct metastasis as the first presentation. Awareness of secondary involvement of the biliary tree by metastasis is important as they can have prognostic and therapeutic significance.

Observations on the current treatment of low-grade astrocytic tumors of the cerebral hemispheres

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Piepmeier
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Material ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Cerebral Hemispheres ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Astrocytic Tumors ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Definition Of

✓ The records of 60 patients with low-grade astrocytic tumors of the cerebral hemispheres treated between 1975 and 1985 were examined to evaluate the results of current treatment methods. This analysis revealed that the patient's age and tumor enhancement on computerized tomography (CT) with intravenous administration of contrast material were the only factors that influenced survival time. Compared to prior studies, the patients in this report more frequently had normal preoperative neurological examinations and total resection of their lesions. These differences may have resulted from the use of CT scans over the past decade. Earlier diagnosis and improvement definition of the tumor location and extent are two reasons why the use of CT scans may have affected outcome statistics. A re-examination of treatment methods and the timing of those treatments is needed to define the optimal management of these lesions.

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