Ultimate bending strength calculations

2011 ◽  
pp. 167-190
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Ultimate Bending Strength

Time-Variant Redundancy of Ship Structures

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (03) ◽  
pp. 208-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Decó ◽  
Dan M. Fragopol ◽  
Nader M. Okasha
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Progressive Collapse ◽  
Probability Of Failure ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Ship Structures ◽  
Hull Girder ◽  
Reliability Method ◽  
Ultimate Bending Strength ◽  
Ultimate Failure ◽  
Bending Failure

An efficient procedure for the computation of the redundancy of ship structures is presented. The changes in the redundancy due to corrosion section loss over time are also studied. Moreover, uncertainties associated with structural geometry, material properties, and loading, are accounted for. In order to calculate the redundancy index, the probability of failure of the first component and the probability of ultimate failure of the whole hull girder must be evaluated. The probability of failure is computed using a hybrid Latin Hypercube - second-order reliability method (SORM) technique. The deterministic analyses during the simulations are conducted using an optimization approach for computing the ultimate bending strength of the whole hull girder and the progressive collapse method for computing the first bending failure.

scholarly journals An experimental investigation for the temperature effect on the bending properties of multiaxial warp-knitted composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 155892502091558
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Gao ◽  
Xiaori Yang ◽  
Xianyan Wu ◽  
Pibo Ma
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Nonlinear Fitting ◽  
Bending Modulus ◽  
Ultimate Bending Strength ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Bending Behavior ◽  
Fracture Morphologies ◽  
Properties Of Composites

An experimental study of bending properties of composites reinforced with triaxial and quadaxial warp-knitted glass fabrics was carried out in the 0°, 45°, and 90° directions at −30°C, 0°C, 20°C, and 40°C, respectively. The relationships between the stress–strain curves, bending strength, bending modulus, and temperature were obtained. The failure mechanisms at different temperatures were also analyzed based on the fracture morphologies and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The results indicated that the bending properties decrease slightly with the increase in temperature from −30°C to 20°C and decrease dramatically from 20°C to 40°C. The ultimate bending strength of triaxial and quadaxial warp-knitted composites decreases approximately 31.34% and 34.29%, respectively. In particular, the relationships between bending strength and temperature were also obtained by nonlinear fitting with the experimental data, which could be used to predict the bending behavior at different temperatures.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Sandwich Bridge Decks with GFRP Face Sheets and a Foam-Web Core Loaded under Two-Way Bending

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruili Huo ◽  
Weiqing Liu ◽  
Li Wan ◽  
Yuan Fang ◽  
Lu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Bridge Decks ◽  
Sheet Thickness ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Bending Stiffness ◽  
Face Sheet ◽  
Displacement Ductility ◽  
Ultimate Bending Strength

In recent years, the sandwich bridge decks with GFRP face sheets and light weight material core have been widely used in the world due to their advantages of low cost, high strength to weight ratios, and corrosion resisting. However, as the bridge decks, most of them are used in foot bridges rather than highway bridges because the ultimate bending strength and initial bending stiffness are relatively low. To address this issue and expand the scope of use, a simple and innovative sandwich bridge deck with GFRP face sheets and a foam-web core, manufactured by vacuum assisted resin infusion process, is developed. An experimental study was carried out to validate the effectiveness of this panel for increasing the ultimate bending strength and initial bending stiffness under two-way bending. The effects of face sheet thickness, foam density, web thickness, and web spacing on displacement ductility and energy dissipation were also investigated. Test results showed that, compared to the normal foam-core sandwich decks, an average approximately 657.1% increase in the ultimate bending strength can be achieved. Furthermore, the bending stiffness, displacement ductility, and energy dissipation can be enhanced by increasing web thickness, web height, and face sheet thickness or decreasing web spacing.

Composite reinforcement of L-spliced wood piles

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 713-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
François P. d’Entremont ◽  
Gérard J. Poitras ◽  
Gabriel LaPlante
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Restoration Technique ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Ultimate Bending Strength ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced ◽  
Matched Samples

An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the flexural strength of restored wood piles strengthened with a glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP). Small-scale testing on matched samples of mini landscape ties (3″ × 4″ × 8′) treated with a preservative was carried out. To represent a restoration technique recently introduced on pier piles in Atlantic Canada, a sample was first cut into an L shape at mid-length. The two pieces of the sample were spliced together and wrapped with GFRP. Results show that restored samples had an increase in bending strength of approximately 32% versus the un-spliced control samples. Furthermore, ductile behaviour was observed for all restored samples. A theoretical model was investigated and shown capable of predicting the ultimate bending strength of restored samples with an average error of 2.7% compared to experimental results.

Investigation of the Rate of Vacuum-Conductive Drying of Wood-Particle Panels Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol

2021 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 466-472
Author(s):  
R.R. Safin ◽  
L.V. Lyamina ◽  
A.V. Safina ◽  
Sh.R. Mukhametzyanov
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Wood Particle ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Ultimate Bending Strength ◽  
Factor Regression ◽  
Composite Samples

Wood composites are promising construction and finishing materials that offer the best properties of both wood and polymers. With the industry's need to use low-toxic adhesives in view, one of the ways to ensure the environmental friendliness of composites is the use of polyvinyl alcohol as a binder. In this respect, in order to streamline production, both in terms of reducing energy consumption and improving the quality of the final product, it is vital to choose the drying rate when pressing panels. The paper presents the results of a study of the process of vacuum-conductive drying of eco-friendly polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based wood-particle material. It was found that the composite samples with a PVA content of 40% in terms of physical and mechanical parameters (ultimate bending strength and ultimate tensile strength perpendicular to the panel face) fully comply with the established standards. The study provided the values of drying rate depending on 5 factors. The multi-factor regression analysis method was used to derive equations that determine the drying rate of polyvinyl alcohol-based wood-particle panels for two humidity intervals (above and below the cell walls humidification limit), taking into account the properties of different classes of bodies that make up the composite.

Residual Strength Assessment of Ships after Collision Grounding

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (01) ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Jeom Kee Paik ◽  
Anil K. Thayamballi ◽  
Soo Hong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Residual Strength ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Strength Assessment ◽  
Hull Girder ◽  
Section Modulus ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
Ultimate Bending Strength

The aim of this study is to develop a fast and reasonably accurate method for assessing collapse of the hull girder in the damaged condition. Location and amount of collision and grounding damage are prescribed. The possibility of hull collapse is explored by a comparison of the applied extreme bending moment and the ultimate hull strength which are estimated using design oriented methods and formulas• Two types of residual strength index, namely the section modulus based residual strength index and the ultimate bending strength based residual strength index, are defined. The method developed in this paper should be useful for preliminary structural design of a ship hull in accidental situations• It should also be potentially useful as one element of a decision making process related to salvage and rescue.

Experimental investigation on SFRC behaviour under elevated temperature

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadims Goremikins ◽  
Lukas Blesak ◽  
Josef Novak ◽  
Frantisek Wald
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Ultimate Bending Strength

Purpose This work aims to present an experimental study of steel fibre-reinforced concrete (SFRC) subjected to high temperature, especially focusing on residual behaviour. Design/methodology/approach Compressive strength and split tensile strength of SFRC cubes and ultimate bending strength of prisms were evaluated under ambient and elevated temperatures. The specimens were heated by ceramic heaters and then repacked for testing. Findings The results showed that a compressive strength of SFRC is reduced by 38 and 66 per cent, tensile strength is reduced by 25 and 59 per cent and ultimate bending force is reduced by 33 and 56 per cent in case of 400°C and 600°C, respectively, comparing with ambient temperature. Originality value The developed testing procedure could be used for determination of material properties of SFRC under elevated temperatures.

Hardening of the Surface Layer of Silumin by Electron Beam

2013 ◽  
Vol 872 ◽  
pp. 162-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurii F. Ivanov ◽  
Elizaveta A. Petrikova ◽  
Nikolay N. Cherenda ◽  
Anton D. Teresov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Nanocrystalline Structure ◽  
Electron Beam Treatment ◽  
Plastic Limit ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Core ◽  
Ultimate Bending Strength

In the present work has been carried out the treatment of silumin by high-intensity electron beam with different density of the input energy. The structure and phase composition of surface layer have been studied by the methods of X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy both scanning and diffraction transmission. The mechanisms are responsible for improvement of properties of modified material have been revealed. It has been shown that electron beam treatment of silumin is accompanied by the formation of multilayer submicro-and nanocrystalline structure and result in increasing the microhardness of the surface layer (towards the core) is ~ 3.5 times, the Young's modulus in a ~ 1.4 times, the ultimate bending strength (in ~ 1.2 times) and tensile strength (in ~ 1.4 times), the bending plastic limit (in ~ 1.2 times) and tensile (in ~ 1.8 times).

The Influence of Heat Treatment on the Quality of Vehicle Component Parts Made of Rigid Polyurethane Foam

2020 ◽  
Vol 989 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Gulgena D. Shakirova ◽  
Natalia V. Romanova ◽  
Lenar N. Shafigullin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Thermal Relaxation ◽  
End Groups ◽  
Treatment Stage ◽  
Vehicle Component ◽  
Ultimate Bending Strength

The paper provides the results of the investigation in the influence of heat treatment on the quality of vehicle component parts made of rigid polyurethane integral foam. The temperature of heat treatment was based on the exo-peak of the first heat cycle in DSC curve, and was equal to 135 °С. At that temperature, the samples were treated for 2-8 hours, and, as a result, they experienced an abnormal exo-effect in the glass transition region, which was indicative of thermal relaxation. The paper shows that the additional heat treatment stage for parts made of rigid polyurethane integral foam results in an increase in molecular mass of polymer, due to a smaller quantity of end groups, and, thus, in an increase in glass transition temperature from 169 °С to 176 °С. An increase in heat treatment time to 6 hours at 135 °С leads to a higher ultimate bending strength, which reaches its maximum, while further heat treatment (up to 8 hours) lowers this value. Therefore, with a higher degree of cross-linking the fracture toughness increases and passes its maximum, after that it starts to decrease, and the material becomes brittle.

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