Nongovernmental Organizations Responding to Disasters in the United States

2012 ◽  
pp. 51-70
Author(s):  
Angela Eikenberry ◽  
Tracy Cooper
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
The United States

Situating Feminist Studies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Messer-Davidow
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Feminist Research ◽  
Academic Programs ◽  
Feminist Studies ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Women's Activism ◽  
Population Groups

Feminist studies in the United States and India emerged from women’s activism during the same decades, but they developed significant differences both institutionally and intellectually. These differences resulted from the host country’s demographics, languages, economies, politics, and cultures. Today US feminist studies is an academic enterprise that produces and disseminates scholarly knowledge through academic programs, centers, projects, and publications that bear the imprint of the (inter)disciplinary order and conform to its standards. India’s feminist studies resides in a multisector infrastructure of academic centers, associations, unions, nongovernmental organizations, government agencies, and publishers that produce academic, activist, and popular knowledges. Intended to fuel change, the knowledges are circulated across sectors and channeled to local communities. Intellectually, US and Indian feminist research proceed from different assumptions about population groups, communities, multiple and interactive identities, global-local relays, and the diversity that intersectional analysis needs to capture.

Supporting a “Brother in Christ” in Guatemala

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-150
Author(s):  
Lauren Frances Turek
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Mass Killing ◽  
Jimmy Carter ◽  
Military Aid ◽  
Military Campaign

This chapter focuses on Guatemala, where evangelical dictator General José Efraín Ríos Montt seized power in a coup in 1982. It talks about Ríos Montt's religious beliefs and staunch anticommunism that led politically influential evangelical leaders and nongovernmental organizations in the United States to support and promote his regime. It also discusses direct fundraising and evangelical organizations that lobbied Congress to restore military aid to Guatemala, which Jimmy Carter had suspended due to ongoing human rights violations. The chapter investigates why many evangelical groups argued that Ríos Montt's Christian faith would compel him to improve the human rights situation in Guatemala despite mounting evidence that the dictator's military campaign against the “communist insurgency” in his country involved the mass killing of indigenous Mayans. It demonstrates how evangelical engagement with Ríos Montt reshaped society and politics in Guatemala, as well as policymaking in the United States.

scholarly journals From the Trenches: A Global Survey of Anti-TIP NGOs and their Views of US Efforts

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Heiss ◽  
Judith G. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Trafficking In Persons ◽  
Global Survey ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Relationship

Amid the academic and policy critiques of the United States’ 15-year push to eliminate human trafficking, the perspective of the nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) working with anti-trafficking advocacy and services has been largely ignored. This article presents the results of a global survey of nearly 500 anti-trafficking NGOs in working in 133 countries, and is the first NGO-focused survey of its kind. Based on the results of the survey, we provide an overview of the anti-trafficking NGO sector as a whole, detail the relationship between anti-trafficking NGOs and the US, and account for some of the variation in NGO opinions of US efforts. Notably, we find that NGOs are remarkably satisfied with US-led efforts—despite their acknowledged flaws—and that NGOs believe that American anti-TIP policies are important and, on balance, helpful. These results also provide a warning for the future of the United States’ anti-trafficking advocacy, suggesting that the US avoid politicizing its annual Trafficking in Persons Report.

scholarly journals A Bioweapon or a Hoax? The Link Between Distinct Conspiracy Beliefs About the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak and Pandemic Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1110-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Imhoff ◽  
Pia Lamberty
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biomedical Model ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Prescribing Behavior ◽  
Conspiracy Beliefs ◽  
The Uk

During the coronavirus disease pandemic rising in 2020, governments and nongovernmental organizations across the globe have taken great efforts to curb the infection rate by promoting or legally prescribing behavior that can reduce the spread of the virus. At the same time, this pandemic has given rise to speculations and conspiracy theories. Conspiracy worldviews have been connected to refusal to trust science, the biomedical model of disease, and legal means of political engagement in previous research. In three studies from the United States ( N = 220; N = 288) and the UK ( N = 298), we went beyond this focus on a general conspiracy worldview and tested the idea that different forms of conspiracy beliefs despite being positively correlated have distinct behavioral implications. Whereas conspiracy beliefs describing the pandemic as a hoax were more strongly associated with reduced containment-related behavior, conspiracy beliefs about sinister forces purposefully creating the virus related to an increase in self-centered prepping behavior.

Atmospheric Accountants: Entrepreneurial Authority and the Greenhouse Gas Protocol

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica F. Green
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
The United States ◽  
The World ◽  
Corporate Level

This chapter examines a case of entrepreneurial authority in the climate change regime: the Greenhouse Gas Protocol. The protocol is a set of accounting standards to measure and report greenhouse gas emissions created by individual firms. These standards were created by two nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), the World Resources Institute (WRI) and the World Business Council on Sustainable Development (WBCSD), and have subsequently become one of the most widely accepted accounting methodologies for measuring and reporting emissions. The chapter explains how these NGOs were able to insert themselves into the policy process while the United States and European Union were arguing about an appropriate role for emissions trading. In particular, it considers the success of WRI and WBCSD in creating the de facto standard for GHG emissions accounting at the firm (or “corporate”) level.

Correlative microscopy in distrubuted (client/server) computing environments: tools for catalyzing the rapid dissemination of information about the cell biology of the human prostate

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
A. Hakam ◽  
J.T. Gau ◽  
M.L. Grove ◽  
B.A. Evans ◽  
M. Shuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Tissue Bank ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prostate Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Correlative Microscopy ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Transplant Organ

Prostate adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of men in the United States and is the third leading cause of death in men. Despite attempts at early detection, there will be 244,000 new cases and 44,000 deaths from the disease in the United States in 1995. Therapeutic progress against this disease is hindered by an incomplete understanding of prostate epithelial cell biology, the availability of human tissues for in vitro experimentation, slow dissemination of information between prostate cancer research teams and the increasing pressure to “ stretch” research dollars at the same time staff reductions are occurring.To meet these challenges, we have used the correlative microscopy (CM) and client/server (C/S) computing to increase productivity while decreasing costs. Critical elements of our program are as follows:1) Establishing the Western Pennsylvania Genitourinary (GU) Tissue Bank which includes >100 prostates from patients with prostate adenocarcinoma as well as >20 normal prostates from transplant organ donors.

Digital image acquisition, processing, and analysis in a polymer microscopy laboratory

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
Vinod K. Berry ◽  
Xiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Image Transmission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quantitative Image Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Image

In recent years it became apparent that we needed to improve productivity and efficiency in the Microscopy Laboratories in GE Plastics. It was realized that digital image acquisition, archiving, processing, analysis, and transmission over a network would be the best way to achieve this goal. Also, the capabilities of quantitative image analysis, image transmission etc. available with this approach would help us to increase our efficiency. Although the advantages of digital image acquisition, processing, archiving, etc. have been described and are being practiced in many SEM, laboratories, they have not been generally applied in microscopy laboratories (TEM, Optical, SEM and others) and impact on increased productivity has not been yet exploited as well.In order to attain our objective we have acquired a SEMICAPS imaging workstation for each of the GE Plastic sites in the United States. We have integrated the workstation with the microscopes and their peripherals as shown in Figure 1.

Silence of the Land: On the Historical Irrelevance of Territory to Congressional Districting and Political Representation in the United States

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 53-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Rehfeld
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Representative Government ◽  
Congressional District ◽  
Congressional Districts ◽  
Communities Of Interest

Every ten years, the United States “constructs” itself politically. On a decennial basis, U.S. Congressional districts are quite literally drawn, physically constructing political representation in the House of Representatives on the basis of where one lives. Why does the United States do it this way? What justifies domicile as the sole criteria of constituency construction? These are the questions raised in this article. Contrary to many contemporary understandings of representation at the founding, I argue that there were no principled reasons for using domicile as the method of organizing for political representation. Even in 1787, the Congressional district was expected to be far too large to map onto existing communities of interest. Instead, territory should be understood as forming a habit of mind for the founders, even while it was necessary to achieve other democratic aims of representative government.

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