Dynamic Thermal Management for High-Performance Storage Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Wang ◽  
Jian Ma ◽  
Sheldon X.-D. Tan ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
He Tang ◽  
...  

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3725
Author(s):  
Hernán Aparicio ◽  
Pablo Ituero

The extreme miniaturization of electronic technologies has turned varying and unpredictable temperatures into a first-class concern for high performance processors which mitigate the problem employing dynamic thermal managements control systems. In order to monitor the thermal profile of the chip, these systems require a collection of on-chip temperature sensors with strict demands in terms of area and power overhead. This paper introduces a sensor topology specially tailored for these requirements. Targeting the 40 nm CMOS technology node, the proposed sensor uses both bipolar and CMOS transistors, benefiting from the stable thermal characteristics of the former and the compactness and speed of the latter. The sensor has been fully characterized through extensive post-layout simulations for a temperature range of 0 ∘ C to 100 ∘ C , achieving a maximum error of ±0.9 ∘ C / considering 3 σ yield and a resolution of 0.5 ∘ C . The area—900 μ m 2 , energy per conversion—1.06 nJ, and sampling period—2 μ s, are very competitive compared to previous works in the literature.


2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngjae Kim ◽  
Jeonghwan Choi ◽  
Sudhanva Gurumurthi ◽  
Anand Sivasubramaniam

Thermal-aware design of disk-drives is important because high temperatures can cause reliability problems. Dynamic thermal management (DTM) techniques have been proposed to operate the disk at the average case temperature, rather than at the worst case by modulating the activities to avoid thermal emergencies caused by unexpected events, such as fan-breaks, increased inlet air temperature, etc. A delay-based approach to adjust the disk seek activities is one such DTM solution for disk-drives. Even if such a DTM approach could overcome thermal emergencies without stopping disk activity, it suffers from long delays when servicing the requests. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of using a multispeed disk-drive (called dynamic rotations per minute (DRPM)), which dynamically modulates the rotational speed of the platter for implementing the DTM technique. Using a detailed performance and thermal simulator of a storage system, we evaluate two possible DTM policies—time-based and watermark-based—with a DRPM disk-drive and observe that dynamic RPM modulation is effective in avoiding thermal emergencies. However, we find that the time taken to transition between different rotational speeds of the disk is critical for the effectiveness of this DTM technique.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Du ◽  
Zixin Xiong ◽  
Luis Delgado ◽  
Weizhi Liao ◽  
Joseph Peoples ◽  
...  

AbstractThermal switches have gained intense interest recently for enabling dynamic thermal management of electronic devices and batteries that need to function at dramatically varied ambient or operating conditions. However, current approaches have limitations such as the lack of continuous tunability, low switching ratio, low speed, and not being scalable. Here, a continuously tunable, wide-range, and fast thermal switching approach is proposed and demonstrated using compressible graphene composite foams. Large (~8x) continuous tuning of the thermal resistance is achieved from the uncompressed to the fully compressed state. Environmental chamber experiments show that our variable thermal resistor can precisely stabilize the operating temperature of a heat generating device while the ambient temperature varies continuously by ~10 °C or the heat generation rate varies by a factor of 2.7. This thermal device is promising for dynamic control of operating temperatures in battery thermal management, space conditioning, vehicle thermal comfort, and thermal energy storage.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8789
Author(s):  
Giovanni Bianco ◽  
Barbara Bonvini ◽  
Stefano Bracco ◽  
Federico Delfino ◽  
Paola Laiolo ◽  
...  

As reported in the “Clean energy for all Europeans package” set by the EU, a sustainable transition from fossil fuels towards cleaner energy is necessary to improve the quality of life of citizens and the livability in cities. The exploitation of renewable sources, the improvement of energy performance in buildings and the need for cutting-edge national energy and climate plans represent important and urgent topics to be faced in order to implement the sustainability concept in urban areas. In addition, the spread of polygeneration microgrids and the recent development of energy communities enable a massive installation of renewable power plants, high-performance small-size cogeneration units, and electrical storage systems; moreover, properly designed local energy production systems make it possible to optimize the exploitation of green energy sources and reduce both energy supply costs and emissions. In the present paper, a set of key performance indicators is introduced in order to evaluate and compare different energy communities both from a technical and environmental point of view. The proposed methodology was used in order to assess and compare two sites characterized by the presence of sustainable energy infrastructures: the Savona Campus of the University of Genoa in Italy, where a polygeneration microgrid has been in operation since 2014 and new technologies will be installed in the near future, and the SPEED2030 District, an urban area near the Campus where renewable energy power plants (solar and wind), cogeneration units fed by hydrogen and storage systems are planned to be installed.


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