Manufacturing of defined porous metal structures using the beam melting technology

2011 ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Sehrt ◽  
G Witt
Keyword(s):  
Porous Metal ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Melting Technology

Flow Characteristics of Porous Metal Structures for Specified Permeability Manufactured by Laser Beam Melting Technology

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.-K. Benra ◽  
H. J. Dohmen ◽  
S. Clauss ◽  
J. T. Sehrt ◽  
G. Witt
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Porous Metal ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Test Body ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Melting Technology ◽  
Laser Beam Melting

The characteristic additive build-up at the laser beam melting technology provides the opportunity to freeform porous and defined structures at specific areas in one part. By adjusting the process parameters specific characteristics of the manufactured part such as density, permeability, pore size, porosity and shear strength can be realized. The manufacturing process of a test body is described in detail. The permeability of the manufactured parts is investigated experimentally. In addition a numerical model is build and the flow structure inside of the test body is illustrated. The numerically obtained results are compared to the experimentally obtained results. To show the advantages of this technology for future applications a numerical model of a porous blade surrounded by a hot gas flow and cooled from inside of the porous structure is investigated. The results show that the method to define the characteristics during the laser beam melting process has to be optimized.

scholarly journals Production Methods for Metallic Foams

1998 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Banhart ◽  
J. Baumeister
Keyword(s):  
Porous Metal ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Metallic Foams ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Metallic Structures ◽  
Electro Deposition ◽  
Foaming Agents ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Metal Structures

ABSTRACTThe possibilities for making metallic foams or similar porous metal structures are reviewed. The various processes are classified according to the state of the starting metal - liquid, powdered, ionised. Liquid metal can be foamed directly by injecting gas, gas-releasing foaming agents or by producing supersaturated metal-gas solutions. Indirect methods include investment casting and usage of filler materials. Metal powders can also be used as starting materials for metallic foams: mixtures of such powders with foaming agents are compacted to foamable precursor materials that can be foamed in a second step. Instead of foaming agents inert gas can be directly entrapped in the precursor. Metal foams can also be made from metal powder slurries or by using polymer/powder mixtures. Finally, galvanic electro-deposition also allows to make highly porous metallic structures with open pores.

Progress on Investigation of Pores During Selective Laser Melting of Metal Powders and Future Work Discussion

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 3088-3094
Author(s):  
Jin Hui Liu ◽  
Wen Juan Xie ◽  
Qing Song Wei ◽  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Porous Metal ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Porous Metals ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Metal Parts ◽  
Future Work

Pores are always considered as a kind of defect during manufacturing metal parts via many conventional processes. But porous metals have outstanding physical and mechanical properties which providing them double natures of function and structure, and are applied in many fields of science and technology. Selective laser melting (SLM), developed within current years, has the advantages of producing metal parts with complex structures, and can be used to manufacture complex structures of any kind theoretically. A new method of making porous complicated metal structures via SLM is put forward. Then, the meaning of this method, research advance and future work discussion are presented in this paper, which lays a method foundation for future study and build a new field for both porous metal parts and SLM technology.

Use of Polymer Scaffolding and Electroplating to Create Porous Metal Structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Mihalko ◽  
Jordan Felice ◽  
Allen Madura ◽  
Davide Piovesan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
Porous Metal ◽  
Fabrication Method ◽  
Fabrication Technique ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
Porous Composites ◽  
Metallic Artifacts

Additive manufacturing (AM) offers a fabrication process that provides numerous advantages when compared with traditional fabrication methods. Specifically, AM technology allows for the creation of porous media where porosity and permeability can be precisely controlled. When manufacturing metallic artifacts for biomedical use (e.g., bone implants), the investment in a laser sintering machine can be prohibitive for the budget-conscious enterprises limiting the study and use of this technology. Electroforming, electroplating, and electrotyping have been used for decades to replicate the complex shape of unique artifacts and can be viable techniques to create complex metallic shapes starting from a conductive mandrel. We investigated a fabrication technique that combines the stereolithographic additive manufacturing of a polymeric mandrel with electroforming, to obtain porous composites of polymers and metals. The fabrication method to electroform a porous artifact is presented, and an analytical model of the combined properties of the composite material is provided.

scholarly journals Strongly Orthotropic Open Cell Porous Metal Structures for Heat Transfer Applications

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Fink ◽  
Olaf Andersen ◽  
Torsten Seidel ◽  
André Schlott
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Porous Metal ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Porous Metals ◽  
Metal Fiber ◽  
Latent Heat Storage ◽  
Open Cell ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Anisotropic Structures ◽  
The Difference

For modern thermal applications, open cell porous metals provide interesting opportunities to increase performance. Several types of cellular metals show an anisotropic morphology. Thus, using different orientations of the structure can boost or destroy the performance in thermal applications. Examples of such cellular anisotropic structures are lotus-type structures, expanded sheet metal, and metal fiber structures. Lotus-type structures are made by casting and show unidirectional pores, whereas expanded sheet metal structures and metal fiber structures are made from loose semi-finished products that are joined by sintering and form a fully open porous structure. Depending on the type of structure and the manufacturing process, the value of the direction-dependent heat conductivity may differ by a factor of 2 to 25. The influence of the measurement direction is less pronounced for the pressure drop; here, the difference varies between a factor of 1.5 to 2.8, depending on the type of material and the flow velocity. Literature data as well as own measurement methods and results of these properties are presented and the reasons for this strongly anisotropic behavior are discussed. Examples of advantageous applications, for example a latent heat storage device and a heat exchanger, where the preferential orientations are exploited in order to gain the full capacity of the structure’s performance, are introduced.

scholarly journals Creation of experimental base for investigation the effect of laser radiation on intensity of process of evaporation of liquid from porous metal structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-97
Author(s):  
V. I. Trushlyakov ◽  
◽  
I. Yu. Lesnyak ◽  
V. A. Sevoyan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Porous Metal ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Model Liquid ◽  
Experimental Stand ◽  
Experimental Base ◽  
Working Out

A review of existing methods for drying porous structures including porous metallic materials, is carried out, and a method based on electromagnetic action, in particular, laser radiation, is selected. Recommendations have been developed for physical models of the evaporation process of a model liquid from the developed versions of experimental samples that simulate various investigated porous metallic materials, an experimental stand. A program and methodology have been developed for preliminary experimental studies of the process of exposure to laser radiation on model liquid taking into account the dynamics of the surface and evaporation of model liquid for various experimental samples options including for working out the modes and parameters of laser radiation exposure. Preliminary experimental results have been obtained for the implementation of the developed program of the processes of laser radiation influence on the breast for two variants of experimental samples

scholarly journals Selective laser melting and sintering technique of the cobalt-chromium dental alloy

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 664-669
Author(s):  
Dejan Stamenkovic ◽  
Kosovka Obradovic-Djuricic ◽  
Rebeka Rudolf ◽  
Rajko Bobovnik ◽  
Dragoslav Stamenkovic
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Melting Technology ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties

Introduction/Objective. The objective of this paper is to describe the microstructure and mechanical properties of sintered Co-Cr alloy and to emphasize its advantages and disadvantages with respect to the microstructure and mechanical properties of cast Co-Cr alloy. Methods. Base Co-Cr alloy, EOSint M EOS Co-Cr SP2 (EOS GmbH, Munch, Germany), was used for the purpose of this research as the base material for sintering metal structures of metal-ceramic restorations. Metal sintering was conducted by using EOSint M 280 device of German origin in a stream of neutral gas ? argon. After that, the alloy was heated over a period of 20 minutes at the temperature of 800?C. The chemical composition of the alloy was determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy. Microstructure of the tested alloy samples was examined under an optical metallographic and scanning electron microscope. Physical and mechanical properties were measured in a universal testing machine. The samples were prepared according to the standard ISO 527-1:1993. Results. Chemical composition of the sintered Co-Cr alloy, determined by applying energy dispersive spectroscopy, indicated the same qualitative but different quantitative composition compared to cast Co-Cr alloys. The microstructure of the sintered Co-Cr alloy is lamellar in nature, with two dominant phases: ?-Co and/or ?-Cr (fcc ? face-centered cubic) and ?-Co (hcp ? hexagonal close-packed). Mechanical properties of the Co-Cr alloy obtained by applying selective laser melting technology compared to the cast Co-Cr alloy are superior or approximately the same. Conclusion. Selective laser melting of the Co-Cr alloy is a good example of new technologies based on digitization. Together with other digitized procedures, this technology is an introduction to a new era in dentistry popularly called Dentistry 4.0. The advantages of the selective laser melting technology with respect to the conventional technology of casting Co-Cr alloy metal structures are precise metal structure fitting and eco-friendly technology.

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