New Strategies for the Control of Bacterial Infections in Marine Fish Larval Rearing

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Pintado ◽  
María Prol ◽  
José Balcázar ◽  
Miquel Planas ◽  
Pavlos Makridis
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
New Strategies

Isolation, morphometry, and culture of Colurella sp. (Rotifera: Ploimida)

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Petrus P Letsoin ◽  
Henneke Pangkey ◽  
Julius Sampekalo ◽  
Inneke F.M Rumengan ◽  
Stenly Wullur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Marine Fish ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Nannochloropsis Oculata ◽  
Tropical Fish ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Brachionus Rotundiformis ◽  
Marine Fish Larvae ◽  
Significant Difference

The rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis (total body length 240.59±10.24 μm, lorica length 175.28±9.18 μm, and lorica width 124.28±7.76μm) is commonly used as starter food in the larval rearing of marine fish. But, larvae of some marine tropical fish species required starter food with body size smaller than B. rotundiformis. The present study was aimed to isolate minute rotifers from nature and to assess the possibility of culturing these rotifers. Sampling of rotifers was conducted in an estuary of Mangket (Kema-Minut), using plankton net (mesh size 40 µm). A trial of culturing the rotifers was conducted at salinities of 10, 20 and 30 ppt by using a microalga, Nannochloropsis oculata. A species of rotifer identified as Colurella sp. (family Lepadellidae) was successfully isolated from the sampling location. Body size of Colurella sp. was extremely small (Total length 123.22±5.45 μm, lorica length 95.96±3.81 μm, and lorica width 53.57±3.11 μm), which were smaller than Brachionus rotundiformis SS-type as a conventional starter food for marine fish larvae.  Results of culturing the minute rotifer Colurella sp. showed that the species grew well at salinities of 10, 20 and 30 ppt with no significant difference among treatments (ANOVA, p>0.05), indicating a potential use of minute rotifer Colurellasp. as starter food for marine fish larvae. Rotifera Branchionus rotundiformis (ukuran tubuh: panjang total 240,59±10,24 μm, panjang lorika 175,28±9,18 μm, dan lebar lorika 124,28±7,76μm) sering digunakan sebagai pakan awal pemeliharaan larva ikan laut. Namun, larva beberapa spesis ikan laut tropis membutuhkan pakan awal berukuran tubuh lebih kecil dari Branchionus rotundiformis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan minute rotifer dari alam (berukuran tubuh lebih kecil dari B. rotundiformis) dan menguji kemungkinan pemeliharaannya. Sampling rotifer dilakukan di perairan estuari Desa Mangket (Kema-Minut), menggunakan plankton net (ukuran mata jaring 40 µm). Uji coba pemeliharaan dilakukan pada salinitas (10, 20, dan 30 ppt) dengan menggunakan Nannochloropsis oculata. Satu spesies minute rotifer yang teridentifikasi sebagai Colurella sp. (family Lepadellidae) berhasil diisolasi dari lokasi sampling. Colurella sp. memiliki ukuran tubuh sangat kecil (panjang total [PT] 123,22±5,45 µm, panjang lorika [PL] 95,96±3,81 µm, dan lebar lorik [LL] 53,57±3,11 µm) yang mana lebih kecil dari Branchionus rotundiformis tipe-SS sebagai pakan awal larva ikan laut. Hasil uji coba pemeliharaan minute rotifer Colurella sp. menunjukkan bahwa spesis ini dapat tumbuh pada salinitas 10, 20, dan 30 ppt dengan perbedaan kepadatan populasi yang tidak signifikan antar perlakuan (Uji ANOVA, p > 0.05) mengindikasikan potensi pemanfaatan minute rotifer Colurella sp. sebagai pakan awal larva ikan laut.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE HEXANIC EXTRACT OF TAGETES LUCIDA ON THE INHIBITION OF THE GROWTH OF ENTEROBACTERIA SHIGELLA FLEXNERI AND SALMONELLA TYPHI

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
Jorge Ángel Almeida-Villegas ◽  
Rodolfo García-Contreras ◽  
Miriam Deyanira Rodríguez ◽  
Yahira Katherine Porras-Hernández ◽  
Meliksetyan Lilit Surenovna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Total Inhibition ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
New Strategies

Antibiotic resistance increases the search for new strategies to combat the diseases they cause, and the use of medicinal plants represents a highly effective and valuable strategy, such as the use of Tagetes lucida with different gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Objective: To evaluate the biological activity of the hexane extract of the Tagetes lucida plant at different concentrations on the inhibition of growth in plaque and tube of two enterobacteriaceae, Shigella flexneri and Salmonella typhi Methods: In the following work, a hexane extract from Tagetes lucida was evaluated on the growth inhibition of two enterobacteriaceae, Shigella flexneri and Salmonella typhi using different concentrations of vehicle to evaluate if it affected bacterial growth and also different concentrations of extract to evaluate activity. Results: Once the studies were carried out in triplicate, it was possible to specify that from 75µl/µg of extract, almost total inhibition of the growth of both bacteria was achieved, both in the plate method and in the tube method. And from 100 µl/µg total inhibition is achieved. Conclusions: The favorable results obtained with 75 µl/ µg, confirm that medicinal plant extracts are an important strategy to combat multi-drug resistant bacterial infections. On the other hand, it allows a study to be carried out to evaluate the most active metabolites of the extract, as well as the mechanism of action on the inhibition of the growth of the bacteria under study.

scholarly journals Pseudonajide peptide derived from snake venom alters cell envelope integrity interfering on biofilm formation in Staphylococcus epidermidis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Schneider ◽  
Muriel Primon-Barros ◽  
Rafael Gomes Von Borowski ◽  
Sophie Chat ◽  
Reynald Gillet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Treatment Alternatives ◽  
Animal Venoms ◽  
Global Health Problem ◽  
New Strategies

Abstract The increase of bacterial resistance phenotype cases is a global health problem. New strategies in scientific community must be explored in order to create new treatment alternatives. Animal venoms are a good source for antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are excellent candidates for new antimicrobial drug development. Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptides (CRAMPs) from snake venoms have been studied as a model for the design of new antimicrobial pharmaceuticals at bacterial infections setting.

scholarly journals Novel Strategy to Combat Antibiotic Resistance: A Sight into the Combination of CRISPR/Cas9 and Nanoparticles

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Fen Wan ◽  
Mohamed S. Draz ◽  
Mengjie Gu ◽  
Wei Yu ◽  
Zhi Ruan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Nanoparticle Delivery ◽  
Targeting Ability ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
New Strategies

Antibiotic resistance is a significant crisis that threatens human health and safety worldwide. There is an urgent need for new strategies to control multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. The latest breakthrough in gene-editing tools based on CRISPR/Cas9 has potential application in combating MDR bacterial infections because of their high targeting ability to specifically disrupt the drug resistance genes that microbes use for infection or to kill the pathogen directly. Despite the potential that CRISPR/Cas9 showed, its further utilization has been hampered by undesirable delivery efficiency in vivo. Nanotechnology offers an alternative way to overcome the shortcomings of traditional delivery methods of therapeutic agents. Advances in nanotechnology can improve the efficacy and safety of CRISPR/Cas9 components by using customized nanoparticle delivery systems. The combination of CRISPR/Cas9 and nanotechnology has the potential to open new avenues in the therapy of MDR bacterial infections. This review describes the recent advances related to CRISPR/Cas9 and nanoparticles for antimicrobial therapy and gene delivery, including the improvement in the packaging and localizing efficiency of the CRISPR/Cas9 components in the NP (nanoparticle)/CRISPR system. We pay particular attention to the strengths and limitations of the nanotechnology-based CRISPR/Cas9 delivery system to fight nosocomial pathogens.We highlight the need for more scientific research to explore the combinatorial efficacy of various nanoparticles and CRISPR technology to control and prevent antimicrobial resistance.

scholarly journals Revisiting Therapeutic Strategies for H. pylori Treatment in the Context of Antibiotic Resistance: Focus on Alternative and Complementary Therapies

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 6078
Author(s):  
Ioana Alexandra Cardos ◽  
Dana Carmen Zaha ◽  
Rakesh K. Sindhu ◽  
Simona Cavalu
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Complementary Therapies ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Cure Rates ◽  
Natural Medicines ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle ◽  
New Strategies

The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection remains significant worldwide and it depends on many factors: gender, age, socio-economic status, geographic area, diet, and lifestyle. All successful infectious diseases treatments use antibiotic-susceptibility testing, but this strategy is not currently practical for H. pylori and the usual cure rates of H. pylori are lower than other bacterial infections. Actually, there is no treatment that ensures complete eradication of this pathogen. In the context of an alarming increase in resistance to antibiotics (especially to clarithromycin and metronidazole), alternative and complementary options and strategies are taken into consideration. As the success of antibacterial therapy depends not only on the susceptibility to given drugs, but also on the specific doses, formulations, use of adjuvants, treatment duration, and reinfection rates, this review discusses the current therapies for H. pylori treatment along with their advantages and limitations. As an alternative option, this work offers an extensively referenced approach on natural medicines against H. pylori, including the significance of nanotechnology in developing new strategies for treatment of H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Nanomaterials as Delivery Vehicles and Components of New Strategies to Combat Bacterial Infections: Advantages and Limitations

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atanu Naskar ◽  
Kwang-sun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
New Strategies

Life-threatening bacterial infections have been well-controlled by antibiotic therapies and this approach has greatly improved the health and lifespan of human beings. However, the rapid and worldwide emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria has forced researchers to find alternative treatments for MDR infections as MDR bacteria can sometimes resist all the present day antibiotic therapies. In this respect, nanomaterials have emerged as innovative antimicrobial agents that can be a potential solution against MDR bacteria. The present review discusses the advantages of nanomaterials as potential medical means and carriers of antibacterial activity, the types of nanomaterials used for antibacterial agents, strategies to tackle toxicity of nanomaterials for clinical applications, and limitations which need extensive studies to overcome. The current progress of using different types of nanomaterials, including new emerging strategies for the single purpose of combating bacterial infections, is also discussed in detail.

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