United States Regulatory Reimbursement, Political Environment and Strategies for Reform

2010 ◽  
pp. 323-333
Author(s):  
Michael Werner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Environment

Corporate-Led Environmental Governance: A Theoretical Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-122
Author(s):  
Yuhao Ba
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
Environmental Leadership ◽  
Social Responsibilities ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Corporate Social

The growing reliance on non-state environmental governance (EG) coupled with the current U.S. political environment portends an increasing salience of governing efforts from non-state actors. Among non-state actors, corporations play a substantial role given their market and societal power, their corresponding social responsibilities, and their organizational and institutional adaptability in developing and performing EG solutions. This article proposes a corporate-led environmental governance (CLEG) model. An important distinction between previous iterations of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate governance and the CLEG model proposed here is the active assertion of corporate environmental leadership as state leadership is subject to retrenchment in the United States.

Emigration from the United Kingdom to the United States: 1860–1913

1971 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lowell E. Gallaway ◽  
Richard K. Vedder
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Migration Stream ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Cyclical Fluctuations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Persecution

Between the years 1860 and 1913 approximately twelve million people took passage from the United Kingdom to extra-European countries. The bulk of the migration stream (about 125,000 people per year) was directed toward the United States; it is this movement of population that is the subject of our article. The flow of individuals from the United Kingdom to the United States in this period ranged from 38,000 in 1861 to 202,000 in 1887 with marked cyclical fluctuations. For example, in 1873 the flow was 167,000 and by 1877 it was only 45,000. Variations of this magnitude pose the interesting intellectual question of whether or not they can be explained. This is not a new question; there are frequent references in the literature to the possible causes of this movement and the emigration from the United Kingdom that it implies. Studies focus on various economic influences on emigration. There is little in this period in the socio-political environment of the United Kingdom that would prompt individuals to emigrate in order to flee intolerable religious or political persecution.

Narcos and Politicos: The Politics of Drug Trafficking in Honduras

1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 143-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark B. Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Drug Trafficking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
International Economy ◽  
Almost All

Honduras Has Emerged as a cocaine transshipment point between Colombia and the United States. One informed source suggests that as much as fifty tons of cocaine have moved through the country during the last fifteen months. This paper examines the politics of drug trafficking in Honduras. Special attention is given to the relations between drug trafficking and the Honduran political environment, the emergence of a new “powder elite, ” and the manner in which US and Honduran authorities are addressing these problems.One of the hemisphere's poorest countries by almost all standards of development, Honduras has a population of about 4.5 million people and an area the size of Tennessee. Unlike neighboring Guatemala and El Salvador where a national oligarchy has enhanced its wealth through an extensive coffee industry, Honduras first emerged in the international economy through its foreign-owned banana enterprises which still are a leading source of foreign exchange.

The Creationist Movement in the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-88
Author(s):  
Kathleen C. Oberlin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Effective Leaders ◽  
Political Opportunities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Tactical Decision ◽  
Historical Examination ◽  
Over Time

Through a close historical examination of archived newsletters (1963-2007) from four different creationist organizations, this chapter traces potential sites Answers in Genesis might have built instead to reach and influence a broader public such as a college or a research center among other strategies. In light of these available alternatives, it shows how the museum emerged over time when Young Earth Creationists shifted the focus of the social movement away from Old Earth Creationism, advanced effective leaders who reassessed previous movement actions, and adapted to the sociocultural as well as political environment of the 1970s and 1980s. It argues the rise of Answers in Genesis as an organization and its tactical decision to build a museum only came as a surprise because scholars were previously limited to examining political opportunities and legislation advanced by the movement.

Religion's Impact on the Divergent Political Attitudes of Evangelical Protestants in the United States and Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin S. McAdams ◽  
Justin Earl Lance
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Evangelical Protestants ◽  
Moral Conservatism ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn the United States, Evangelical Protestants' political attitudes have been attributed to their conservative theological beliefs. As this religion's membership has increased around the world, other Evangelicals would logically be expected to demonstrate a similar conservatism in their political views. And yet, this anticipated result does not hold. In Brazil, for example, Evangelicals maintain moderate-to-liberal attitudes on several issues. To address this anomaly, this article relies on the Pew Forum's Multi-Country Religion Survey to examine the impact of religion on Evangelicals' ideology as well as attitudes on moral and economic issues in the United States and Brazil. While doctrinal orthodoxy predicts Evangelicals' moral conservatism, neither religious component examined significantly predicts Brazilian Evangelicals' ideology or economic attitudes. Significant differences in Brazilian and American attitudes on these dimensions in general suggest that the political environment plays a much larger role in whether — and how — religion influences these political attitudes.

Political Pressures on Monetary Policy During the US Great Inflation

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L Weise
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Federal Open Market Committee ◽  
The Us

Drawing on an analysis of Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) documents, this paper argues that political pressures on the Federal Reserve were an important contributor to the rise in inflation in the United States in the 1970s. Members of the FOMC understood that a serious attempt to tackle inflation would generate opposition from Congress and the executive branch. Political considerations contributed to delays in monetary tightening, insufficiently aggressive anti-inflation policies, and the premature abandonment of attempts at disinflation. Empirical analysis verifies that references to the political environment at FOMC meetings are correlated with the stance of monetary policy during this period. (JEL D72, E32, E52, E58, N12)

scholarly journals Your True Colors

JCSCORE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-220
Author(s):  
Ana Guerin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
American Woman ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Mexican American Woman ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
True Colors

This poem reflects the author’s heartbreak, disappointment, and the realization that people may not show who they truly are to one. The author describes feeling disappointment and a sense of guilt from a previous relationship. The person she thought she knew turned out to be someone who did not align with her values. The author is a Mexican American woman who immigrated to the United States as a teenager from Mexico. She found within herself to educate herself through her adult life seeking to erase internalized patriarchy and oppression. Living through such divisive political environment between 2017 and 2020, she began to realize people around her, in specific the relationship illustrated in the poem, were not who she thought they were. The author describes the end of the relationship with a play on words declaring that she does not want to see this person’s dull colors again.

Varying Understandings of Democracy in the Contemporary World

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-72
Author(s):  
Jie Lu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
East Asian ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Critical Attitude ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Psychometric Models

This chapter presents systematic descriptive evidence on the status of popular conceptions of democracy in today’s world, using GBS II data from seventy-one societies. To make the descriptive analysis more informative, we have included comparable information from the United States and relied on different psychometric models to uncover people’s latent characteristics that shape their responses to the PUD instruments. We have consistently found that the PUD instruments are sufficiently sensitive to the socioeconomic and political environment, thus revealing significant and substantial variation in popular conceptions of democracies across regions, between societies, and among individuals. To ensure that the variation documented in the PUD instruments is not something transient or idiosyncratic, we further explore the longitudinal dynamics of this critical attitude using the ABS two-wave rolling-cross-sectional surveys from thirteen East Asian societies.

Hard Times but No Hard Words: A Rejoinder

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 64-78
Author(s):  
Verity Burgmann
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Hard Times ◽  
Political Scene ◽  
Day By Day

“From Syndicalism to Seattle” was first delivered to ILWCH late in 2000, conceived during the highpoint of post-Seattle euphoria and before the events of 9/11. In some obvious ways the anticorporate movement in North America and Australia has since fallen on harder times due to: the necessary diversion of radical energies into the antiwar movement and opposition to inept and authoritarian counterterrorism initiatives; a reluctance on the part of some NGOs to continue campaigning in the prevailing conservative political climate; increased surveillance and repression of all forms of dissent and protest; and greatly reduced media coverage due to obsession with the “war on terror.” However, in Europe, South America, Asia, and Africa, gigantic mobilizations and/or spectacularly stubborn day-by-day forms of resistance have continued and grown. Obituaries to anticorporate activism, invariably focused on the United States, are generally ignorant of these important struggles. In any case, despite the harsher political environment in the United States since 9/11, there are also positive developments that reveal the extent to which the critique of corporate power has gained public attention and political traction. Consider, for instance, the recent emergence of anticorporate blockbuster movies, such as Super Size Me, Fahrenheit 9/11, The Corporation, and Outfoxed. This new cinematic genre bears the imprint of Seattle: it builds upon the radically democratic anticorporate analysis brought to prominence by the worldwide movement that burst upon the political scene late in 1999; and it provides a valuable and previously unavailable avenue for dissemination of anticorporate ideas. Rather than dying—as those who pen its obituaries fervently wish—the anticorporate movement in the heart of Empire is instead assuming new forms and finding new ways to promulgate its message.

scholarly journals The populist hotbed: How political attitudes, resentment, and justice beliefs predict both exposure to and avoidance of specific populist news features in the United States

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258220
Author(s):  
Sebastian Scherr ◽  
Dominik Leiner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Selective Exposure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Self Report Data

A politics of resentment has shaped a low-dialogue political environment in the United States, feeding into populism, and characterized by perceived distributive injustice, detachment between politicians and “the people”, and political polarization. In this political environment, independent of editorial lines, news can spread based on populist content features and drive the political divide even further. However, we still do not understand well, how the forces of political disconnect as well as potentially unifying elements such as political knowledge and the willingness to connect with the other (political) side predict audience interest in populist news featuring people-centrism, anti-elitism, restoring popular sovereignty, and the exclusion of others. To better understand what drives (dis-)interest in populist news features, we combined self-report data from a non-student US sample (N = 440) on political attitudes with unobtrusively measured data on their selective exposure to populist news. We analyzed the data using zero-inflated negative binomial regression models, in which we simultaneously modeled selective exposure to and avoidance of populist news. The findings indicate that especially the will to connect with others explained exposure to news about anti-elitism, especially among Democrats, while Republicans’ news avoidance seems to be specifically geared toward people-centrism. Populist communication features promoting “us” vs. “them” dichotomies seem to not automatically resonate with the views of resentful voters and their motivated reasoning.

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