scholarly journals Hysterectomy-Corrected Uterine Corpus Cancer Incidence Trends and Differences in Relative Survival Reveal Racial Disparities and Rising Rates of Nonendometrioid Cancers

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (22) ◽  
pp. 1895-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan A. Clarke ◽  
Susan S. Devesa ◽  
Summer V. Harvey ◽  
Nicolas Wentzensen
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Endometrioid Carcinoma ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Uterine Corpus ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates

PURPOSE Uterine corpus cancer incidence rates have been projected to increase, a prediction often attributed to the obesity epidemic. However, correct estimation of these rates requires accounting for hysterectomy prevalence, which varies by race, ethnicity, and region. Here, we evaluated recent trends in hysterectomy-corrected rates by race and ethnicity and histologic subtype and estimated differences in relative survival by race and ethnicity, subtype, and stage. METHODS We estimated hysterectomy prevalence from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Hysterectomy-corrected age-standardized uterine corpus cancer incidence rates from 2000 to 2015 were calculated from the SEER 18 registries. Incidence rates and trends were estimated separately by race and ethnicity, region, and histologic subtype. Five-year relative survival rates were estimated by race and ethnicity, histologic subtype, and stage. RESULTS Hysterectomy-corrected incidence rates of uterine corpus cancer were similar among non-Hispanic whites and blacks and lower among Hispanics and Asians/Pacific Islanders. Endometrioid carcinoma rates were highest in non-Hispanic whites, whereas nonendometrioid carcinoma and sarcoma rates were highest in non-Hispanic blacks. Hysterectomy-corrected uterine corpus cancer incidence increased among non-Hispanic whites from 2003 to 2015 and among non-Hispanic blacks, Hispanics, and Asians/Pacific Islanders from 2000 to 2015. Overall incidence rates among non-Hispanic blacks surpassed those of non-Hispanic whites in 2007. Endometrioid carcinoma rates rose among non-Hispanic blacks, Hispanics, and Asians/Pacific Islanders but were stable among non-Hispanic whites; however, nonendometrioid carcinoma rates rose significantly among all women. Non-Hispanic blacks had the lowest survival rates, irrespective of stage at diagnosis or histologic subtype. CONCLUSION Among all women, rates of nonendometrioid subtypes have been rising rapidly. Our analysis shows profound racial differences and disparities indicated by higher rates of nonendometrioid subtypes and poorer survival among non-Hispanic black women.

Age-Specific Trend and Birth Cohort Effect on Different Histologic Types of Uterine Corpus Cancers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Jou Tai ◽  
Chun-Ju Chiang ◽  
Ying-Cheng Chiang ◽  
Chia-Ying Wu ◽  
Wen-Chung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Endometrioid Carcinoma ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Uterine Corpus ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Histologic Types ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates

Abstract To evaluate the uterine corpus cancer incidence rates, age-specific trends and birth cohort patterns by different histologic types. From the Taiwan Cancer Registry, we identified women with a primary diagnosis of uterine corpus cancer (n=28 769) from1998 to 2017. We analyzed the incidences, stages of disease at diagnosis and prognostic factors in endometrioid and non-endometrioid carcinoma. During the study period, uterine corpus cancer incidence rates increased over time from 5.3 to 15.21 per 100 000 woman-years. Incidence trends for endometrioid carcinoma increased in all age groups and the rise was steeper in women age 40 years and younger. For non-endometrioid carcinomas, incidence rates increased in women over 50 years. Women diagnosed after 2013 had significantly better cancer-specific survival (CSS) (hazard ratio [HR] =0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73-0.89) compared with those at the period of 2009-2012. CSS also improved in stage I (HR=0.81, 95% CI 0.49-0.63) and stage III (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.58-0.72) endometrioid carcinomas after 2013. Whereas CSS remained unchanged for non-endometrioid carcinomas. We found the incidences of both endometrioid and non-endometrioid carcinomas continued to increase among contemporary birth cohorts. Etiologic research is mandatory to explain the causes for these trends.

scholarly journals State-Level Uterine Corpus Cancer Incidence Rates Corrected for Hysterectomy Prevalence, 2004 to 2008

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Siegel ◽  
Susan S. Devesa ◽  
Vilma Cokkinides ◽  
Jiemin Ma ◽  
Ahmedin Jemal
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
State Level ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Uterine Corpus ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates

Acral lentiginous melanoma: Population-based analysis of incidence and survival in United States from 1993 to 2013.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e22108-e22108
Author(s):  
Nishitha Thumallapally ◽  
Ahmed Meshref ◽  
Mohammed Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Tumor Thickness ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Acral Lentiginous Melanoma ◽  
Asian Pacific Islanders ◽  
Asian Pacific ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

e22108 Background: Acral Lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is a rare form of cutaneous melanoma with aggressive nature. This study investigates the incidence and survival patterns in patients diagnosed with ALM in USA from 1993-2013 using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Registry. Methods: The 18 cancer registries of SEER program were used to identify patients diagnosed with ALM according to international classification of diseases for oncology (ICDO-3) codes. Age adjusted incidence rates in addition to 5 and 10-year relative survival rates were calculated. Results: 2189 patients were included in this retrospective study.The age-adjusted incidence rate of ALM was 2.11 per million person-years.Hispanic whites had highest incidence rates of ALM among all racial subgroups ( 2.58, p = 0.005). Incidence of ALM was higher between 2003-2013 compared to 1993-2003 (2.3 vs 1.9).Median age at diagnosis was 61.68 years. 53.9 % were female. Our study population was dominated by Non-Hispanic Whites (69.2%) followed by Hispanic Whites (13.5%), Blacks (8.2%), Asians or Pacific Islanders (7.3%) and other races (1.8%). stage III was the most frequent (24.7%) followed by stage I (20.9%). In terms of tumor thickness, 43.2 % presented with T3 thickness at the time of diagnosis. The ALM 5 - and 10-year survival rates were highest in age < 40, females, T1, non ulcerated, lymph node negative lesions ( p < 0.05). Among racial subgroups, non Hispanic whites had highest survival rates (83 vs 74 % ). Asian/Pacific Islanders (75.1%vs 49.8%) had lowest survival rates followed Hispanic whites ( 76.4 % vs 63.9 ) and Blacks (74.7 vs 71.5 %) ( p = 0.19). Conclusions: ALM is rare subtype of cutaneous melanoma with increased incidence in people of color. Patients present with increased tumor thickness and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. Poor survival rates are seen among Asian/Pacific Islanders and Hispanic whites.

scholarly journals Ovarian Cancer Incidence Trends in Relation to Changing Patterns of Menopausal Hormone Therapy Use in the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (17) ◽  
pp. 2146-2151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah P. Yang ◽  
William F. Anderson ◽  
Philip S. Rosenberg ◽  
Britton Trabert ◽  
Gretchen L. Gierach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Risk ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates

Purpose After a report from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) in 2002, a precipitous decline in menopausal hormonal therapy (MHT) use in the United States was linked to a decline in breast cancer incidence rates. Given that MHT use is also associated with increased ovarian cancer risk, we tested whether ovarian cancer incidence rates changed after 2002. Methods Using the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries database (1995 to 2008; N = 171,142 incident ovarian cancers), we applied standard analytic approaches and age-period-cohort (APC) models to estimate ovarian cancer incidence rate changes before (1995 to 2002) and after (2003 to 2008) the WHI report. Results Among women age ≥ 50 years, age-standardized ovarian cancer incidence declined by 0.8% per year (95% CI, −1.8% to −0.5% per year) before the WHI announcement; after the WHI report, the rate declined by 2.4% per year (95% CI, −2.5% to −2.2% per year). APC models confirmed an accelerated decline in ovarian cancer incidence after the WHI report, adjusted for age and birth cohort effects. This sudden change was notable among women most likely to have used MHT (ie, women age 50 to 69 years, white women, and residents of regions with highest MHT prescription frequency). The largest changes were found for the endometrioid histologic subtype. Conclusion After a marked reduction in MHT use around 2002, ovarian cancer incidence rates demonstrated an accelerated decline, with the largest changes for endometrioid carcinomas. This strong temporal association, although not proving a causal role of hormones in ovarian carcinogenesis, suggests that future analytic research supporting cancer control efforts should clarify the role of hormonal exposures on the development and behavior of subtypes of ovarian cancer.

Cancer in Adolescents

1979 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Jordan W. Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates

Cancer is the fourth leading cause of death in the adolescent age group, preceded only by accidents, homicide, and suicide. Table 1 lists by age, sex, and race cancer incidence rates (per million) for a three-year period (1969-1971) reported by the National Cancer Institute. Table 2 lists the most commonly involved sites. There are significant differences between the younger and the older age groups. With the advent of improved treatment, survival rates have increased. Table 3 lists the survival rates for the most common forms of cancer and includes all children under 15 years of age. Although survival rates are increasing, the majority of children with cancer still die. Table 4 lists cancer mortality rates for adolescents. The issues involved in diagnosis, treatment, survival, and death present problems for all of those who care for the adolescent with cancer—the patient himself or herself, family and friends, the physician, and other health care professionals. The objectives of this article are: to increase awareness of the types of problems commonly encountered in caring for adolescents with cancer and to describe some of the ways of dealing with these problems. The problems are by no means clear-cut, and the suggested methods of dealing with them must be individualized to meet the needs of all involved.

scholarly journals Cancer Statistics in Korea: Incidence, Mortality, Survival, and Prevalence in 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seri Hong ◽  
Young-Joo Won ◽  
Young Ran Park ◽  
Kyu-Won Jung ◽  
Hyun-Joo Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Control ◽  
Dramatic Improvement ◽  
Cancer Statistics ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

PurposeThis study reports the cancer statistics and temporal trends in Korea on a nationwide scale, including incidence, survival, prevalence, and mortality in 2017.Materials and MethodsThe incidence, survival, and prevalence rates of cancer were evaluated using data from the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database from 1999 to 2017 with follow-up until December 31, 2018. Deaths from cancer were assessed using cause-of-death data from 1983 to 2017, obtained from Statistics Korea. Crude and age-standardized rates (ASRs) for incidence, mortality, and prevalence, and 5-year relative survival rates were calculated and trend analysis was performed.ResultsIn 2017, newly diagnosed cancer cases and deaths from cancer numbered 232,255 (ASR, 264.4 per 100,000) and 78,863 (ASR, 76.6 per 100,000), respectively. The overall cancer incidence rates increased annually by 3.5% from 1999 to 2011 and decreased by 2.7% annually thereafter. Cancer mortality rates have been decreasing since 2002, by 2.8% annually. The 5-year relative survival rate for all patients diagnosed with cancer between 2013 and 2017 was 70.4%, which contributed to a prevalence of approximately 1.87 million cases by the end of 2017.ConclusionThe burden of cancer measured by incidence and mortality rates have improved in Korea, with the exception of a few particular cancers that are associated with increasing incidence or mortality rates. However, cancer prevalence is increasing rapidly, with the dramatic improvement in survival during the past several years. Comprehensive cancer control strategies and efforts should continue, based on the changes of cancer statistics.

scholarly journals Rising and Falling Trends in Incidence Rates of Vulvar and Vaginal Cancers in the United States, 2000-2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang-yang Yue ◽  
Wei-li Zhou ◽  
Dong-mei Pei
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Vulvar Cancer ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Histological Type ◽  
Vaginal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Rate ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Cancer Rates ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates

Abstract Background: Few studies focus on incidence trends in vulvar and vaginal by histological type, race, age, and region. We aimed to evaluate the temporal incidence trends and survival for the two cancers.Methods: Cases with primary vulvar or vaginal carcinoma from 2000-2016 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 registries. Annual percent change (APC) and average APC (AAPC) were calculated to evaluated trends. Relative survival was estimated to compare survival outcomes.Results: Vulvar cancer incidence rates were highest among non-Hispanic whites (20.9 per 1,000,000 person-years) and in the Midwest (27.7), while vaginal cancer rates were highest among non-Hispanic blacks (8.2) and in the South (6.7). Overall, vulvar cancer rate increased 0.4% annually (AAPC, 0.4%; 95% CI, 0.1% to 0.6%), but vaginal cancer rate decreased 1.4% annually (AAPC, -1.4%; 95% CI, -2.0% to -0.5%). The increased vulvar cancer rate was only observed for squamous cell carcinoma (APC, 1.0%), while the decreased vaginal cancer rate was only observed for other malignancies (APC, -1.7%). Vulvar cancer rates increased only among whites (APC, 1.2%), but vaginal cancer rates decreased only among whites (AAPC, -1.3%) and Asians (APC, -2.7%). Vulvar cancer rates increased among patients aged 50-59 (APC, 1.1%), 60-69 (APC, 1.3%), and 70-79 (APC, 1.2%) years, while vaginal cancer rates decreased among patients aged 50-59 (APC, -1.4%) and 80 (APC, -1.4%) years or older. Overall, whites had the highest five-year relative survival for both vulvar (72.22%) and vaginal (49.03%) cancers. Conclusion: There were profound disparities in vulvar and vaginal cancer incidence rates attributable to histological type, race, age, and region. The increased vulvar cancer rates and the declined vaginal cancer rate highlights the importance of further studies to investigate the reason for the disparities.

scholarly journals White–Black Differences in Cancer Incidence, Stage at Diagnosis, and Survival Among Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Krok-Schoen ◽  
James L. Fisher ◽  
Ryan D. Baltic ◽  
Electra D. Paskett
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Survival Probability ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Stage At Diagnosis ◽  
Black Adults ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates

Objective: To identify potential White–Black differences in cancer incidence rates, stage at diagnosis, and relative survival probabilities among older adults using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. Method: Differences in cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis, and 5-year relative survival probability were examined for cases diagnosed within the most recent 5-year period and over time for cases diagnosed from 1973 to 2013 (incidence only) for older White and Black adults. Results: Among adults aged 65 to 74, 75 to 84, and 85 years and older, Black adults had higher cancer incidence rates per 100,000 than White males from 1973 to 2013, respectively. Late stage and unstaged cancers were more common among Black adults in each of the three age groups compared with Whites. Five-year relative survival probability for all invasive cancers combined was higher for Whites than Blacks in each of the three age groups. Discussion: Continued efforts are needed to reduce racial disparities in cancer incidence and mortality among older adults.

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