scholarly journals NCCN Harmonized Guidelines for Sub-Saharan Africa: A Collaborative Methodology for Translating Resource-Adapted Guidelines Into Actionable In-Country Cancer Control Plans

2020 ◽  
pp. 1419-1421
Author(s):  
Benjamin O. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Control ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Collaborative Methodology

scholarly journals Follow-up of Breast Cancer Patients in Ghana: Challenges to Community-based Surveillance

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis O. Laryea ◽  
Baffour Awuah ◽  
Yaw A. Amoako ◽  
Samuel Mensah ◽  
Fred K. Awittor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Cancer Registration ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Sub Saharan

Cancer-related deaths have been projected to increase in sub-Saharan Africa. Cancer control programmes require good quality data in order to provide information for planning and implementing cancer control and prevention activities. Cancer registration and follow-up of cancer cases to estimate survival are useful tools in cancer control programmes. We followed up 136 cases of breast cancer diagnosed from the year 2006 to 2008. The majority of cases (62.5%) could not be reached either by phone or at the residential address indicated in the folders. We recommend a strengthened system of demographic information collection on cases for effective surveillance.

scholarly journals Few Losses to Follow-up in a Sub-Saharan African Cancer Cohort via Active Mobile Health Follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (10) ◽  
pp. 1185-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Foerster ◽  
Angelica Anele ◽  
Charles Adisa ◽  
Moses Galukande ◽  
Groesbeck Parham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Next Of Kin ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Accurate survival estimates are needed for guiding cancer control efforts in sub-Saharan Africa, but previous studies have been hampered by unknown biases due to excessive loss to follow-up (LTFU). In the African Breast Cancer—Disparities in Outcomes Study, a prospective breast cancer cohort study, we implemented active mobile health follow-up, telephoning each woman or her next-of-kin (NOK) trimonthly on her mobile phone to update information on her vital status. Dates of every contact with women/NOK were analyzed from diagnosis in 2014–2017 to the earliest of September 1, 2018, death, or 3 years postdiagnosis. The cumulative incidence of being LTFU was calculated considering deaths as competing events. In all, 1,490 women were followed for a median of 24.2 (interquartile range (IQR), 14.2–34.5) months, corresponding to 8,529 successful contacts (77% of total contacts) with the women/NOK. Median time between successful contacts was 3.0 (IQR, 3.0–3.7) months. In all, 71 women (5.3%) were LTFU at 3 years: 0.8% in Nigeria, 2.2% in Namibia, and 5.6% in Uganda. Because of temporary discontinuity of active follow-up, 20.3% of women were LTFU after 2 years in Zambia. The median time to study notification of a death was 9.1 (IQR, 3.9–14.0) weeks. Although the present study was not a randomized controlled trial, in this cancer cohort with active mobile health follow-up, LTFU was much lower than in previous studies and enabled estimation of up-to-date and reliable cancer survival.

scholarly journals Cancer Prevention in Low-Resource Countries: An Overview of the Opportunity

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Sailaja Kamaraju ◽  
Jeffrey Drope ◽  
Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan ◽  
Surendra Shastri
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Sub Saharan

Rising trends in the incidence of cancer in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) add to the existing challenges with communicable and noncommunicable diseases. While breast and colorectal cancer incidence rates are increasing in LMICs, the incidence of cervical cancer shows a mixed trend, with rising incidence rates in China and sub-Saharan Africa and declining trends in the Indian subcontinent and South America. The increasing frequencies of unhealthy lifestyles, notably less physical activity, obesity, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption are causing a threat to health care in LMICs. Also, poorly developed health systems tend to have inadequate resources to implement early detection and adequate basic treatment. Inequalities in social determinants of health, lack of awareness of cancer and preventive care, lack of efficient referral pathways and patient navigation, and nonexistent or inadequate health care funding can lead to advanced disease presentation at diagnosis. This article provides an overview of opportunities to address cancer control in LMICs, with a focus on tobacco control, vaccination for cervical cancer, novel tools to assist with early detection, and screening for breast and other cancers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Project Echo Tele-Mentoring Model for Knowledge Sharing and Technical Assistance in Cancer Control Planning and Implementation

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 63s-63s
Author(s):  
R. Brew ◽  
K. Duncan ◽  
M. Cira ◽  
A. Ndumele ◽  
A. Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Development ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Evaluation Measures ◽  
Project Echo ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Future Program

Background: There is increasing demand for dissemination and implementation of evidence-based guidelines in cancer control. In 2017, the National Cancer Institute's Center for Global Health (NCI-CGH) partnered with University of New Mexico and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center to provide the Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) model of tele-mentoring as an extension of existing programs that convene relevant stakeholders for knowledge sharing and technical assistance in national cancer control planning. In early 2018, NCI-CGH launched Project ECHO programs in the Caribbean, Asia-Pacific, and sub-Saharan Africa regions, and began plans for implementation in south Asia. As a new approach for the center in program development, NCI-CGH included evaluation measures from the inception of the program to adequately measure its efficacy. Aim: Evaluation of NCI-CGH Project ECHO programs will guide future program development, and assess achievement of the program's goals: (1) to increase individual participant knowledge in specific areas; (2) to improve application of the knowledge learned; and (3) to increase collaboration within and among countries. Methods: Using Project ECHO Evaluation 101, a guide developed by the New York Academy of Medicine, NCI-CGH developed a comprehensive logic model including a concise list of program outcomes prior to the launch of ECHO programs. NCI-CGH used the logic model to develop and pilot-test a Web-based baseline and post-ECHO survey, to be completed by participants in each program, that measures participants' knowledge of cancer control planning principles and strategies. NCI-CGH conducted the baseline survey for all three ECHO programs. The post-ECHO survey will be distributed at the conclusion of each program. Each program is expected to run for approximately six months to one year. Results: Response rates for baseline surveys were: 32% in the Caribbean, 43% in Asia-Pacific, and 78% in sub-Saharan Africa. Respondents (by region) reported high levels of knowledge of the following evidence-based principles and guidelines: the Caribbean - HPV vaccination, Asia-Pacific - cervical cancer early diagnosis, sub-Saharan Africa - raising awareness. Low levels of knowledge were reported for: psychosocial support for cancer patients, family members, and caregivers in the Caribbean; survivorship care for cancer patients in Asia-Pacific; and alcohol consumption control in sub-Saharan Africa. This presentation will highlight baseline and post-ECHO survey analysis findings and the impact of these data on future program development. Conclusion: Inclusion of evaluation measures in the design phase of NCI-CGH Project ECHO tele-mentoring programs enhanced planning efforts by providing a blueprint for developing program curricula, creating an embedded system for gathering data from participants, and informing the pathway to future improvements.

RTS,S/AS01, a vaccine targeting pre-erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-537
Author(s):  
Lorenz von Seidlein ◽  
Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn ◽  
Podjanee Jittmala ◽  
Sasithon Pukrittayakamee
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Pivotal Phase ◽  
Malaria Epidemiology ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Sub Saharan

RTS,S/AS01 is the most advanced vaccine to prevent malaria. It is safe and moderately effective. A large pivotal phase III trial in over 15 000 young children in sub-Saharan Africa completed in 2014 showed that the vaccine could protect around one-third of children (aged 5–17 months) and one-fourth of infants (aged 6–12 weeks) from uncomplicated falciparum malaria. The European Medicines Agency approved licensing and programmatic roll-out of the RTSS vaccine in malaria endemic countries in sub-Saharan Africa. WHO is planning further studies in a large Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme, in more than 400 000 young African children. With the changing malaria epidemiology in Africa resulting in older children at risk, alternative modes of employment are under evaluation, for example the use of RTS,S/AS01 in older children as part of seasonal malaria prophylaxis. Another strategy is combining mass drug administrations with mass vaccine campaigns for all age groups in regional malaria elimination campaigns. A phase II trial is ongoing to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the RTSS in combination with antimalarial drugs in Thailand. Such novel approaches aim to extract the maximum benefit from the well-documented, short-lasting protective efficacy of RTS,S/AS01.

Mortality and Society in Sub-Saharan Africa

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-556
Author(s):  
Lado Ruzicka
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan
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