The Social Impacts and Consequences of the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami: Observations from India and Sri Lanka

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 693-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tricia Wachtendorf ◽  
James M. Kendra ◽  
Havidán Rodríguez ◽  
Joseph Trainor
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
University Of North Texas ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Tsunami Observations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
2004 Tsunami

The 26 December 2004 tsunami is one of the most severe disasters of the last several decades. Less than one month after the disaster, a group of social science researchers from the University of Delaware and University of North Texas participated in an Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI) reconnaissance team. This team traveled to some of the most heavily impacted areas in India and Sri Lanka. Focusing on the social impacts and consequences of the disaster, the team identified a number of emerging issues, including loss of life and destruction of property and infrastructure, impact on livelihoods, a persistent sense of uncertainty, variation in community-based response and recovery efforts, inequities in disaster relief distribution, gender and age vulnerability and capacities, temporary shelter and housing, and long-term relocation planning.

INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI ON 26 DECEMBER 2004: NUMERICAL MODELING OF INUNDATION IN THREE CITIES ON THE SOUTH COAST OF SRI LANKA

2008 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 133-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. WIJETUNGE ◽  
XIAOMING WANG ◽  
PHILIP L.-F. LIU
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
The South ◽  
Tsunami Inundation ◽  
Inundation Maps ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
2004 Tsunami

The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami caused enormous loss of lives and damage to property in Sri Lanka and in several other countries bordering the Indian Ocean. One way of mitigating potential loss of lives from a similar event in the future is through early warning and quick evacuation of vulnerable coastal communities to safer areas, and such evacuation planning is usually carried out based on inundation maps. Accordingly, the present paper outlines the numerical modelling carried out to develop tsunami inundation maps on a grid of 10 m resolution for three cities on the south coast of Sri Lanka. The results give the tsunami arrival time contours and the spatial distribution of the extent of inundation, the maximum flow velocities as well as the hydrodynamic force in these three cities due to an event similar to the 2004 tsunami.

Survey of Geotechnical Engineering Aspects of the December 2004 Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami and the March 2005 Nias–Simeulue Earthquake

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 495-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Wayan Sengara ◽  
Nanang Puspito ◽  
Engkon Kertapati ◽  
Hendarto
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Geotechnical Engineering ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Building Collapse ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Strong Ground ◽  
Reconnaissance Surveys

Reconnaissance surveys of building and infrastructure damage related to geotechnical engineering aspects were conducted four to six weeks after the 26 December 2004 earthquake and five weeks after the 28 March 2005 earthquake. These surveys identified many instances of building collapse and infrastructure damage that were probably caused by strong ground shaking and/or liquefaction-induced foundation or embankment failures. The survey results suggest the need for earthquake engineering research that identifies likely future earthquakes and their ground motion characteristics. Because of the observed variation in the level of damage, a seismic microzonation study should be performed to identify the spatial variability of strong ground shaking for the purpose of reconstruction and future planning of cities in Nangroe Aceh Darrusalam Province and Nias Island.

Social Impacts of the 12 January 2010 Haiti Earthquake

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (1_suppl1) ◽  
pp. 447-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah Green ◽  
Scott Miles
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Haiti Earthquake ◽  
Residential Housing ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Low Levels

The 12 January 2010 Haiti earthquake resulted in some of the most significant social impacts from an earthquake in recent decades. In early March, an Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI) social impacts reconnaissance team documented broad impacts on shelter, livelihood opportunities, and service provision through direct observation, photo documentation, interviews, and a review of other sources. The earthquake left over half of the residential housing in Port-au-Prince heavily damaged; widespread fear that even undamaged structures were unsafe swelled the number of homeless to 1.3 million. The infrastructure damage and significant loss of life within the Haitian government and international aid agencies slowed the early response and reduced the already low levels of basic service provision. Continued research is needed on media portrayal, outcomes of injuries, sheltering decisions, social networks, and learning trajectories for Haiti's youth, among other areas.

Barriers and enablers of coastal disaster resilience – lessons learned from tsunami in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danidu Kusal Rathnayake ◽  
Devmini Kularatne ◽  
Sonali Abeysinghe ◽  
Ishani Shehara ◽  
Thilanga Fonseka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
Coastal Disaster ◽  
Barriers And Challenges ◽  
2004 Tsunami

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the coastal disaster resilience and the disaster management framework of Sri Lanka, by conducting a case study in a few coastal areas in the district of Matara which were majorly affected in 2004 by the Indian Ocean Tsunami. Although it has been 15 years since the disaster struck the country, Sri Lanka is still struggling in building back better. This reveals the need to strengthen the action plan toward coastal disaster management by identifying the barriers and challenges that still exist in policies and frameworks, the use of technology in evacuation planning, implementation of evacuation plans and capacity building of the community. Design/methodology/approach This study was conducted through structured and in-depth interviews among the general public and government officials targeting the eventual outcome as to ascertain barriers incorporated with the disaster management framework and then possible improvements to the framework were identified and suggested. Findings The findings showed that the practice of an administrative-oriented disaster management framework was a key element in creating a welfare-oriented community that is still building back better in Matara, which was one of the worst affected cities in the country during the 2004 Tsunami. Originality/value This paper facilitates resilience development by identifying the overall development of the system after 2004. The required modifications needed to strengthen the system have thereby been identified through the developed output which was produced by analyzing the barriers and challenges.

The 2004 Tsunami in Sri Lanka: Destruction and recovery

Geography ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-293
Author(s):  
Daya Gunatillake
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
2004 Tsunami
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