The Mexico Earthquake of September 19, 1985—Seismic Design Regulations of the 1976 Mexico Building Code

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. García-Ranz ◽  
R. Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Mexico Earthquake

The Mexico Earthquake of September 19, 1985—Design Spectra for Mexico's Federal District

1989 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Rosenblueth ◽  
Mario Ordaz ◽  
F. J. Sánchez-Sesma ◽  
S. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Design Spectra ◽  
Mexico Earthquake

We describe the methods used to obtain seismic design spectra adopted for different zones of Mexico's Federal District in 1987 Building Code. Paper exposes the two approaches followed in the study, deterministic and probabilistic. The assumptions adopted are presented and justified. Several aspects that require detailed scrutiny are pointed out.

scholarly journals Loss assessment of building and content damages from potential earthquake risk in Seoul, Korea

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wooil Choi ◽  
Jae-Woo Park ◽  
Jinhwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Damage State ◽  
Damage Functions ◽  
Seismic Design Code

Abstract. After the 2016 Gyeongju earthquake and the 2017 Pohang earthquake struck the Korean peninsula, securing financial stability for earthquake risk has become an important issue in Korea. Many domestic researchers are currently studying potential earthquake risk. However, empirical analysis and statistical approach are ambiguous in the case of Korea because no major earthquake has ever occurred on the Korean peninsula since Korean Meteorological Agency started monitoring earthquakes in 1978. This study focuses on evaluating possible losses due to earthquake risk in Seoul, the capital of Korea, by using catastrophe model methodology integrated with GIS (Geographic Information System). The building information such as structure and location is taken from the building registration database and the replacement cost for building is obtained from insurance information. As the seismic design code in KBC (Korea Building Code) is similar to the seismic design code of UBC (Uniform Building Code), the damage functions provided by HAZUS-MH are used to assess the damage state of each building in event of an earthquake. 12 earthquake scenarios are evaluated considering the distribution and characteristics of active fault zones in the Korean peninsula, and damages with loss amounts are calculated for each of the scenarios.

Ethical Dilemmas and Seismic Design

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-504
Author(s):  
Tom Spector
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Seismic Code ◽  
Ongoing Effort ◽  
Seismic Forces

Most research in the ongoing effort to improve building seismic safety has been devoted to improving building code methodology by refining the techniques of analysis and prediction of seismic forces. This agenda has left little room for the observation that how the code is regarded and interpreted by structural designers may have as much to do with overall seismic safety as do the code's written provisions. The purpose of this investigation is to look at both how the seismic code is viewed by practicing professional engineers and explore a range of ethical dilemmas entailed by interpreting the code. In conclusion, a case is made to consider interpretation of the seismic code to be an ethical, as well as technical matter; one that can be successfully addressed by a community of professionals acting together.

Major Changes in Concrete-Related Provisions-1997 UBC and Beyond

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-162
Author(s):  
S. K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Earthquake Hazards ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Seismic Codes ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
New Buildings ◽  
Made In

U.S. seismic codes are undergoing profound changes as of this writing. Changes from the 1994 to the 1997 edition of the Uniform Building Code (UBC) (ICBO 1994, 1997) are many and far-reaching in their impact. The 1997 edition of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings (BSSC 1998) contains further evolutionary changes in seismic design requirements beyond those of the 1997 UBC. The latter document will form the basis of the seismic design provisions of the first edition of the International Building Code (IBC), to be published in the spring of 2000. This paper first discusses the major changes that have been made in the concrete-related provisions from the 1994 to the 1997 edition of the UBC. The paper gives background to these changes, provides essential details on them, and indicates how they have been or how they are going to be incorporated (at times with significant modifications) into the 1997 NEHRP Provisions and the 2000 IBC. The newly published ACI 318-99, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 1999), is going to be adopted by reference into the 2000 IBC. This entails further changes in concrete-related provisions beyond the 1997 UBC. Some of the more important of these changes are discussed here. A small number of amendments and additions to the ACI 318-99 provisions are going to be included in the 2000 IBC. The more important of these are also outlined in this paper.

International Seismic Zone Tabulation Proposed by the 1997 UBC Code: Observations for Mexico

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Tena-Colunga
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
The United States ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Seismic Zoning ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Division Iii ◽  
Civil Structures ◽  
Entire World

The Uniform Building Code (UBC) is perhaps one of the most advanced seismic codes worldwide. The 1997 version of the Uniform Building Code (UBC-97) has important modifications with respect to previous versions, among other changes, the introduction of structural overstrength, redundancy and reliability factors for the design of structural elements. In addition, the UBC-97 code revises seismic zoning for areas outside the United States under Division III, Section 1653. In fact, practically the entire world is zoned by the UBC-97 under this section, and many practicing engineers worldwide may feel confident to use the UBC code for the design of civil structures in countries other than the United States, particularly because it is written in this section that “Note: This division has been revised in its entirety”. This paper discusses whether or not Section 1653 of the UBC-97 code has any justification for Mexico, by comparing the UBC design criteria with the criteria established by ruling Mexican codes. According to Mexican authorities, only the referenced Mexican building codes should be used for the design of civil structures in Mexico, so the UBC-97 cannot be used for the seismic design of civil structures in Mexico legally.

scholarly journals Quantification of Optimal Target Reliability for Seismic Design: Methodology and Application to Midrise Steel Buildings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasra Habibi ◽  
S. Saeid Hosseini Varzandeh ◽  
Mojtaba Mahsuli
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
The United States ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
Base Shear ◽  
Risk Models ◽  
Concentrically Braced Frame ◽  
Optimal Target

Abstract Quantification of the optimal target reliability based on the minimum lifecycle cost is the goal standard for calibration of seismic design provisions, which is yet to be fully-materialized even in the leading codes. Deviation from the optimally-calibrated design standards is significantly more pronounced in countries whose regulations are adopted from the few leading codes with no recalibration. A major challenge in the quantification of optimal target reliability for such countries is the lack of risk models that are suited for the local construction industry and design practices. This paper addresses this challenge by presenting an optimal target reliability quantification framework that tailors the available risk models for the countries from which the codes are adopted to the local conditions of the countries adopting the codes. The proposed framework is showcased through the national building code of Iran, which is adopted from the codes of the United States, using a case study of three midrise residential steel building archetypes. The archetypes have various structural systems including intermediate moment-resisting frame (IMF) and special concentrically braced frame (SCBF). Each of these archetypes are designed to different levels of the base shear coefficient, each of which corresponds to a level of reliability. To compute the lifecycle cost, the initial construction cost of buildings is estimated. Next, robust nonlinear models of these structures are generated, using which the probability distribution of structural responses and the collapse fragility are assessed through incremental dynamic analyses. Thereafter, the buildings are subjected to a detailed seismic risk analysis. Subsequently, the lifecycle cost of the buildings is computed as the sum of the initial construction cost and the seismic losses. Finally, the optimal strength and the corresponding target reliability to be prescribed are quantified based on the notion of minimum lifecycle cost. The results reveal a 50-year optimal reliability index of 2.0 and 2.1 for IMF and SCBF buildings, respectively and an optimal collapse probability given the maximum considered earthquake of 16% for both systems. In the context on the case study of the national building code of Iran, the optimal design base shear for IMF buildings is 40% higher than the current prescribed value by the code, whereas that of SCBF buildings is currently at the optimal level.

scholarly journals Loss assessment of building and contents damage from the potential earthquake risk in Seoul, South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 985-997
Author(s):  
Wooil Choi ◽  
Jae-Woo Park ◽  
Jinhwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Damage Functions ◽  
Seismic Design Code

Abstract. After the 2016 Gyeongju earthquake and the 2017 Pohang earthquake struck the Korean peninsula, securing financial stability regarding earthquake risks has become an important issue in South Korea. Many domestic researchers are currently studying potential earthquake risk. However, empirical analyses and statistical approaches are ambiguous in the case of South Korea because no major earthquake has ever occurred on the Korean peninsula since the Korean Meteorological Agency started monitoring earthquakes in 1978. This study focuses on evaluating possible losses due to earthquake risk in Seoul, the capital of South Korea, by using a catastrophe model methodology integrated with GIS (Geographic Information Systems). Building information, such as structure and location, is taken from the building registration database and the replacement cost for buildings is obtained from insurance information. As the seismic design code in the KBC (Korea Building Code) is similar to the seismic design code of the UBC (Uniform Building Code), the damage functions provided by HAZUS-Multi-hazard (HAZUS-MH) are used to assess the damage state of each building in event of an earthquake. A total of 12 earthquake scenarios are evaluated by considering the distribution and characteristics of active fault zones on the Korean peninsula and damages, with total loss amounts are calculated for each of the scenarios. The results of this study show that loss amounts due to potential earthquakes are significantly lower than those of previous studies. The challenge of this study is to implement an earthquake response spectrum and to reflect the actual asset value of buildings in Seoul.

Seismic Risk and Design Loads

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen K. Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Design Procedures ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Design Loads

The 2003 International Building Code seismic design procedures do not result in uniform risk throughout the country. A comparison is made between the expected lifetime damage to two identical buildings—one in the western United States and other in the central United States. The seismic design accelerations are the same for these buildings, but the expected lifetime damage is very different. The causes of this difference are discussed in the paper.

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