Base Isolation and Supplemental Damping Systems for Seismic Protection of Wood Structures: Literature Review

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Symans ◽  
William F. Cofer ◽  
Kenneth J. Fridley
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Base Isolation ◽  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Wood Structures ◽  
Viscoelastic Dampers ◽  
Fluid Viscous Dampers ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Supplemental Damping ◽  
Hysteretic Dampers ◽  
Damping Systems

This paper provides a literature review on the application of base isolation and supplemental damping systems for seismic protection of wood structures. The review reveals that both elastomeric bearings and sliding bearings have been considered for implementation within base isolation systems of wood-framed buildings. In addition, friction dampers, viscoelastic dampers, hysteretic dampers, and fluid viscous dampers have been considered for implementation within the framing of wood buildings. Although there are a number of impediments to the widespread implementation of such advanced seismic protection systems, the reviewed literature clearly demonstrates that advanced seismic protection systems offer promise for enabling light-framed wood structures to resist major earthquakes with minimal damage.

scholarly journals Innovative Structural Solutions for Prefab Reinforced Concrete Hall-Type Buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Sorace ◽  
Gloria Terenzi
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Base Isolation ◽  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Isolation System ◽  
Fluid Viscous Dampers ◽  
Protection Strategies ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Design Earthquake ◽  
Bracing System

Background:The anti-seismic design of prefab reinforced concrete buildings is usually carried out with a conventional ductility-based approach. This implies a remarkable plastic demand on columns, as well as damages to the connections of structural and non-structural members, for seismic events with comparable intensity to the basic design earthquake normative level.Objective:In view of this, a study was developed and aimed at extending to the field of new prefab reinforced concrete structures the application of advanced seismic protection strategies, capable of guaranteeing undamaged response up to the maximum considered earthquake normative level.Method:A benchmark building was designed as demonstrative case study for this purpose, in the three following hypotheses: (a) according to a traditional ductility-based approach; (b) by incorporating dissipative bracings, equipped with fluid viscous dampers; (c) by placing a seismic isolation system at the base, composed of a set of double curved surface sliders.Results:The results of the verification analyses show that the targeted performance for the design solutions b) and c) is obtained with sizes of columns and plinths notably smaller than those for the conventional design. This allows compensating the additional cost related to the incorporation of the protective devices, for the dissipative bracing system, and limiting additional costs below 25%, for the base isolation solution. At the same time, a supplemental benefit of the latter is represented by greater protection of contents and plants, as they are fully supported by the seismically isolated ground floor.Conclusion:The study highlights the advantages offered by the two advanced seismic protection technologies in an unusual field of application, guaranteeing an enhanced performance of structural and non-structural elements, as well as reduced member sizes, as compared to the traditional ductility-based design.

scholarly journals A Novel Iterative Linear Matrix Inequality Design Procedure for Passive Inter-Substructure Vibration Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5859
Author(s):  
Josep Rubió-Massegú ◽  
Francisco Palacios-Quiñonero ◽  
Josep M. Rossell ◽  
Hamid Reza Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Matrix Inequality ◽  
Vibration Control ◽  
State Feedback ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Linear Matrix ◽  
Matrix Inequality ◽  
Static State ◽  
Fluid Viscous Dampers ◽  
Iterative Linear Matrix Inequality

In vibration control of compound structures, inter-substructure damper (ISSD) systems exploit the out-of-phase response of different substructures to dissipate the kinetic vibrational energy by means of inter-substructure damping links. For seismic protection of multistory buildings, distributed sets of interstory fluid viscous dampers (FVDs) are ISSD systems of particular interest. The connections between distributed FVD systems and decentralized static output-feedback control allow using advanced controller-design methodologies to obtain passive ISSD systems with high-performance characteristics. A major issue of that approach is the computational difficulties associated to the numerical solution of optimization problems with structured bilinear matrix inequality constraints. In this work, we present a novel iterative linear matrix inequality procedure that can be applied to obtain enhanced suboptimal solutions for that kind of optimization problems. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, we design a system of supplementary interstory FVDs for the seismic protection of a five-story building by synthesizing a decentralized static velocity-feedback H∞ controller. In the performance assessment, we compare the frequency-domain and time-domain responses of the designed FVD system with the behavior of the optimal static state-feedback H∞ controller. The obtained results indicate that the proposed approach allows designing passive ISSD systems that are capable to match the level of performance attained by optimal state-feedback active controllers.

Diagnosis of hysteretic dampers used for seismic protection of structures by means ultrasonic measurements

Measurement ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 344-354
Author(s):  
Chihab Abarkane ◽  
David Galé-Lamuela ◽  
Amadeo Benavent-Climent ◽  
Francisco J. Rescalvo ◽  
Antolino Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurements ◽  
Hysteretic Dampers

Passive Control Techniques for Seismic Protection of Chemical Plants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Minagawa ◽  
Fabrizio Paolacci
Keyword(s):  
Passive Control ◽  
Base Isolation ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Northridge Earthquake ◽  
Control Techniques

Abstract Seismic damage of chemical plant facilities (pressure vessels, piping, storage tanks, etc..) can causes human and economic losses as well as heavy environmental damages. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to reduce such a consequences. The passive control techniques (PCT) as dampers or base isolation can represent an effective technique to mitigate the major damage caused by earthquakes. Viscous dampers, tuned mass dampers and base isolators are well-known passive control devices successfully applied to civil structures, as demonstrated during the last big events as Northridge earthquake in 1994, the Kobe earthquake in 1995, the Great East Japan earthquake in 2011. The scarce application to major hazard industrial facilities as chemical plants poses some questions, including the selection of suitable devices, their real applicability and effectiveness, because of the strict requirements of chemical plant equipment in terms of safety and business continuity. Therefore, this study aim at analyzing the possible applications of the most renew passive control techniques for seismic protection for chemical plant components. In this respect, a complete review of typical seismic damage of industrial (chemical) facilities and the investigation of the applicability of PCT as mitigation strategy is offered for all possible structural typologies of units presents in a plant.

Passive Seismic Protection of Building Piping Systems — A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 2030001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Tan ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Qian Feng ◽  
Gangbing Song
Keyword(s):  
Base Isolation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Nonstructural Components ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Passive Seismic

Piping systems are typical nonstructural components of a building. Previous investigations have reported many cases that earthquake causes damages or failures of piping system, resulting in secondary disasters. Therefore, this paper conducts a survey of the seismic damage of the piping systems of buildings and then reviews the state-of-the-art of the passive seismic protection methods. This paper proposes to classify the building piping system into rigid connected pipes, flexible connected pipes and semi-rigid connected pipes. Typical seismic damages of building pipes are presented following this classification. Then, several current seismic protection methods (including constructional measures, seismic braces, damping techniques and base isolation methods) are discussed regarding the theoretical mechanism and feasibility. Furthermore, the state-of-the-art of the building piping system and the passive protection methods with application prospects are evaluated. Based on the review, the flexible piping systems are most commonly used in existing old buildings and are more vulnerable in earthquakes due to their high flexibility. New buildings prefer the rigid connections which tend to restrain the motion of the pipe. However, the excessive stiffness of the rigid connection may cause overlarge internal stresses in both the connection and the pipe. Semi-rigid piping systems have sufficient overall stiffness and a degree of local deform ability and thus have the best seismic performance. In future studies, more research should be devoted to propose and develop new dampers suitable for piping systems, which will improve the seismic safety of building piping systems.

Analysis and Demonstrative Application of a Base Isolation/Supplemental Damping Technology

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Sorace ◽  
Gloria Terenzi
Keyword(s):  
Base Isolation ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Fixed Base ◽  
Supplemental Damping ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Damping Rubber ◽  
Design Earthquake ◽  
Rubber Bearings ◽  
The Cost

As a concluding step of several studies on a special base isolation/supplemental damping system, where pressurized fluid viscous spring-dampers are coupled to steel-Teflon sliders, the system was applied for the first time to a demonstrative strategic building in Italy. A final experimental campaign was developed to assess the interference of the dissipative actions of the two component devices. The campaign confirmed the linear additive combination implicitly assumed in relevant numerical models. The design and performance evaluation analyses performed on the building showed that maximum base displacements were only just below 45 mm, for the basic design earthquake level. As a result, very simple joints for all the facilities were used. For the same earthquake level, reduction factors of 2.48 and 2.12 on the superstructure response accelerations were obtained for the two main directions in plan as compared to peak ground acceleration. Low base displacement values, and a totally elastic superstructure response also emerged for the maximum earthquake level considered, as well as for the most demanding Italian historical near-fault ground motions introduced as inputs in the final verification analyses. The cost of the building structure resulted to be around 10% lower than the cost of a fixed-base traditional design, as well as of a base isolated structure incorporating high damping rubber bearings.

scholarly journals N. Z. parliament buildings seismic protection by base isolation

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Poole ◽  
J. E. Clendon
Keyword(s):  
Base Isolation ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Seismic Loads ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Ground Floor ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Basement Walls

Parliament House is to be partially demolished and rebuilt, extended within the existing perimeter envelope, refurbished and replanned except for the major public spaces, seismically upgraded by means of base isolation and enhancement of existing foundations, basement walls, ground floor, upper floor walls and floors. This paper describes the assessment of appropriate seismic loads, the structural system, the analysis and design of the retrofitted structure. Anticipated construction procedures and difficulties are also addressed.

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