scholarly journals Does the scientific evidence support the recovery model?

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Warner
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Recovery Model

SummaryThis editorial addresses the question of whether some of the basic tenets of the recovery model – optimism about outcome, the value of work, the importance of empowerment of patients and the utility of user-run programmes – are supported by the scientific research.

scholarly journals Vaccination as a cause of autism—myths and controversies

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Methodology ◽  
Curative Treatment ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Parent Groups

Despite significant progress in the study of the epidemiology and genetics of autism, the etiology and patho-physiology of this condition is far from being elucidated and no curative treatment currently exists. Although solid scientific research continues, in an attempt to find explanations and solutions, a number of nonscientific and pure myths about autism have emerged. Myths that vaccines or mercury are associated with autism have been amplified by misguided scientists; frustrated, but effective parent groups; and politicians. Preventing the protection provided by vaccination or administration of mercury-chelating agents may cause real damage to autistic individuals and to innocent bystanders who as a result may be exposed to resurgent diseases that had already been “extinguished. ” That such myths flourish is a consequence of the authority of scientific evidence obtained by scientific methodology losing ground to alternative truths and alternative science. This article presents a narrative of the origin of the myths around autism.

scholarly journals Who doesn't love a good story? — What neuroscience tells about how we respond to narratives

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (05) ◽  
pp. Y01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Cormick
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Deep Knowledge ◽  
Good Story ◽  
Traditional Storytelling ◽  
The Way

Can we really say what type of story has impact on us, and what type of story does not? Evidence suggests that we can. But we need to better understand the way that stories work on us, at a neural and empathetic level, and better understand the ways that the elements of stories, such as structure and metaphor work. By combining scientific research with the deeper wisdom of traditional storytelling we have both a deep knowledge married to scientific evidence — which can be very powerful tools for science communicators.

Miracles Take a Little Longer: Science, Commercialisation, Cures and the Dore Program

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Stephenson ◽  
Kevin Wheldall
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Published Research

In this article, the evidence regarding a proposed ‘cure’ for dyslexia and other, arguably related, conditions is examined critically. The origins and history of the Dore program and its progenitors, its introduction to Australia and its advertising claims are reviewed, with a focus on the claims made with regard to dyslexia, and particularly with regard to reading. The article compares the claims made about the program and the existing published research, considers whether the Dore program makes conceptual sense in the light of current scientific research and theory, evaluates the existing specific evidence adduced by its advocates as proof for the efficacy of the program, and compares the claims made by the program promoters with the scientific evidence available. It is concluded that none of the necessary desiderata to substantiate claims for a cure are met by the available scientific evidence for the efficacy of the Dore program.

Epidemiology 2: Study Design

2010 ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Muktar H. Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Based Medicine

The usefulness of evidence arising from scientific research is influenced by several factors, and foremost among these factors is the design of the epidemiologic study from which the findings are drawn. In evidence-based medicine, the quality of scientific evidence is often graded on the base of the type of study design and includes appraisal of methods by which studies of exposure and outcomes are planned and implemented. Several factors must be considered when designing a scientific study, including the hypothesis being tested, study cost, time frame, subject characteristics, choice of variables or measurements, and ethical concerns. In this chapter, the different types of study designs commonly encountered in clinical research, common measures of morbidity and mortality in epidemiology, and errors (random and systematic) that may threaten conclusions derived from inferences arising from epidemiologic studies are discussed.

scholarly journals Interest in research among medical students: Challenges for the undergraduate education

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 652-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
David William Moraes ◽  
Maitê Jotz ◽  
Willian Roberto Menegazzo ◽  
Michele Sabrina Menegazzo ◽  
Steffi Veloso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Interest In Research

Summary Introduction: In recent decades, there has been a reduction in the number of graduates from medical schools who choose to pursue a career in scientific research. That has an impact on the profile of graduates, since medical education depends on understanding the formation of scientific evidence. The construction of new knowledge is also hampered by the reduction of medical scientists, whose clinical experience with patients provides an essential step towards medical Science evolution. Objective: The present cross-sectional study sought to identify the interest in research among medical students from a federal university in southern Brazil. Method: Medical students from a federal university were asked to respond to a self-administered questionnaire that sought to identify the level of knowledge about the importance of scientific research in medical training, and the interest of this population in this element of their training. Results: 278 medical students from the first to the sixth year responded to the questionnaire, and 81.7% stated their interest in medical research. However, only 4.7% of respondents considered research as first in degree of importance to their medical training. The variable "interest in research" showed no statistically significant association with age, gender, presence of physicians in the family, or other prior college courses. Conclusion: Although interest in research is clearly present among the students, this is still an underexplored element among the population studied. The incorporation of research in the learning process depends on stimulus and guidance until it becomes culturally consolidated as an essential element of the medical training.

scholarly journals Membangun Kembali Pembelajaran Sosial Kearifan Lokal sebagai Upaya Preventif Bencana

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rizki Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Preventive Effort

AbstractHuman life and society are directly related to nature and the environment. Relations that first appear as natural, namely natural conditions that determine various aspects of individual and social life. The ideal relationship is only beginning, which begins when humans compose interpretations and determine actions for their ecological environment. In short, in the material running occurs reciprocity between nature and humans while in ideal running occurs one-way interaction in which humans treat nature according to their perspective. This article uses a meta-analysis research method that aims to provide scientific evidence about the detection and benefits obtained from the implementation of local wisdom-based social learning as an educational preventive effort. In addition, it also encourages new studies on local wisdom that can be social learning in mitigation transition, emergency response, as well as disaster rehabilitation and rehabilitation. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis that collecting and summarizing the evidence related to local wisdom-based social learning as an effort to prevent education collected from a variety of scientific research and scientific research related to books, journals, mass media, and others. That is with discussions related to human activities and disasters, the implications of the industrial revolution 4.0 on relations between humans and human relations with nature, and facilitating social learning of local wisdom related to disaster mitigation. The era of industrial revolution 4.0 when everyday life is difficult to resolve with the current technology has caused the separation of humans from their environment. Digital development is increasingly rapidly minimizing human interaction with the environment, and making people more distant from the environment. Humans seem to be separated from the physical environment which is higher than is known because humans no longer need nature to survive sustainably. While local wisdom and local knowledge can strengthen individual and social relations with the Environment. Through social learning on local wisdom, it is expected that humans will have a deeper understanding of natural activities and problems caused by natural disasters and can even be prevented from happening.   Kehidupan manusia serta masyarakat berkait langsung dengan alam dan lingkungan. Relasi yang pertamakali muncul ialah yang bersifat alamiah, yaitu kondisi alam secara material menentukan berbagai aspek kehidupan individual dan sosial. Baru kemudian terjalin relasi ideal, yang dimulai sejak manusia menyusun penafsiran dan menentukan tindakan terhadap lingkungan ekologisnya. Singkatnya, dalam ranah material terjadi interaksi timbal balik antara alam dan manusia sementara dalam ranah ideal terjadi interaksi satu arah dimana manusia memperlakukan alam sesuai perspektif yang dimilikinya. Artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian meta analisis yang bertujuan untuk menyediakan bukti-bukti ilmiah mengenai pendasaran dan keuntungan yang didapat dari implementasi pembelajaran sosial berbasis kearifan lokal sebagai upaya preventif bencana. Selain itu juga mendorong studi baru mengenai kearifan lokal yang dapat menjadi muatan pembelajaran sosial dalam kerangka mitigasi, tanggap darurat, maupun rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi bencana. Tinjauan sistematis dan meta-analisis yang meringkas bukti terkait pembelajaran sosial berbasis kearifan lokal sebagai upaya preventif bencana yang dikumpulkan dari beragam penelitian ilmiah maupun pemikiran ilmiah yang bersumber dari buku, jurnal, media massa, dan lainnya. Yaitu dengan mengidentifikasi relasi antara aktivitas manusia dengan bencana, implikasi revolusi industri 4.0 terhadap relasi antar manusia dan relasi manusia dengan alam, dan mengidentifikasi pembelajaran sosial kearifan lokal terkait mitigasi bencana. Era revolusi industri 4.0 dimana keseharian sulit dipisahkan dengan teknologi yang berlangsung sekarang ini telah menyebabkan keterpisahan manusia dengan lingkungannya. Perkembangan digital yang kian pesat meminimalisir interaksi manusia dengan lingkungan, dan membuat manusia semakin berjarak dengan lingkungan. Manusia seakan terpisah dengan lingkungan fisik ia berada yang membuatnya semakin tidak mengenal gejala-gejala alam, bahkan manusia tak lagi peduli kebutuhan alam untuk menjaga dirinya tetap lestari. Padahal kearifan lokal dan pengetahuan lokal tradisional dapat mempererat relasi individu dan sosial dengan lingkungan. Melalui pembelajaran sosial atas kearifan lokal diharapkan manusia memiliki pemahaman yang lebih dalam atas aktivitas dan gejala alam sehingga kerugian yang diakibatkan oleh bencana alam dapat dikurangi dan bahkan dicegah untuk terjadi.

Digital Peer Support for People With Severe Mental Illness

2022 ◽  
pp. 72-92
Author(s):  
Mafalda da Silva Bento ◽  
Felipe Natan Alves Barbosa Carvalho ◽  
Inês Beatriz Antunes ◽  
Giselle Carpi Olmo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Fundamental Part

The literature has recognized peer support as a fundamental part of the recovery process for people with severe mental illness (SMI). These populations frequently experience barriers related to (self)stigmatization, social relationship, poor friendship quality, ostracism, isolation, and fear of being rejected or embarrassed. Scientific research suggests those individuals are more willing to share personal and sensitive details through digital technologies, building friendships and using the internet to access health information rather than their peers who do not experience SMI. The purpose of this chapter is to explore the digital-based peer programs and to analyze scientific evidence behind the alternative paradigm, related concepts, intervention designs, and results.

The Role of Scientific Research in Film Theory

Projections ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Katherine Thomson-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Film Theory ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Philosophy Of Art ◽  
Third Culture ◽  
The Third ◽  
Precise Role

This article offers a critical discussion of Murray Smith’s proposals regarding the role of science in film theory and the philosophy of art more broadly. I would like to examine the precise role given by Film, Art, and the Third Culture to scientific evidence in understanding film engagement. There are points in the book where scientific evidence is used to considerable theoretical or philosophical advantage. But there are other points where the role of scientific evidence is unclear or where an opportunity is missed for its full deployment in theorizing.

scholarly journals Recovered Memories and Accusations of Sexual Abuse: A Review of Scientific Research Relevant to Missionary Contexts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Robert Dunaetz
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Recovered Memories ◽  
Christian Organizations ◽  
Missionary Children

Childhood sexual abuse of missionary children is a tragedy that mission organizations are seeking to prevent. A second tragedy concerns missionaries falsely accused of sexual abuse. Psychotherapy that generated false memories of sexual abuse was common in the 1980s and 1990s and still continues to some degree today in Christian circles. This chapter reviews scientific evidence that such false memories exist and provides guidelines that Christian organizations may use to help sort true memories of childhood sexual abuse from false memories of childhood sexual abuse.

scholarly journals Ethical and legal analysis of scientific research on corpses in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-564
Author(s):  
Patricia Melo Bezerra ◽  
Marina de Neiva Borba ◽  
Iara Coelho Zito Guerriero ◽  
Sueli Gandolfi Dallari
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
Brazilian Legislation

Abstract Currently there is an increasing interest in publications on the use of corpses for research in Brazil and worldwide. Scientific evidence reveal that these studies have little ethical and regulatory control. In Brazil, the regulation of this subject is scarce and scattered among laws and sublegal normative acts, hindering the knowledge of ethical and legal practices adopted by researchers. This article analyzes the laws and norms for scientific research on corpses in Brazil through a corpus that underlies this type of research. From the 1940-2012 period, we found seven documents of the Brazilian legislation that gather information for ethical and clear research. Finally, we present guidelines and a protocol to be followed by researchers for the development of ethical and legal studies with corpses in Brazil.

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