scholarly journals Should there be a Faculty of Learning Disability Psychiatry?

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Learning Disability ◽  
Mental Deficiency ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Learning Difficulty ◽  
Service Users ◽  
The Past ◽  
Department Of Health

Does the completion of the closure of the old ‘mental deficiency’ hospitals in Great Britain mean that the relevance of learning disability as a major sub-speciality of psychiatry has been lost? In the past 10 or 20 years many non-psychiatrists, including service users, have blamed learning disability specialist psychiatrists for these hospitals and for many of the adverse social effects of being labelled as having a learning difficulty. With the new White Paper, Valuing People (Department of Health, 2001), is the role of the Faculty changing?

A Psychiatric Service for the Disturbed Adolescent

1972 ◽  
Vol 120 (557) ◽  
pp. 429-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Evans ◽  
W. P. Acton
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Psychiatric Disturbance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Children’S Homes

The recognition of the need for psychiatric services for disturbed adolescents led to the opening of the first two adolescent in-patients units in Great Britain in 1949. As a result of community pressures and active encouragement by the Department of Health and Social Security since 1964, an increasing number of units have opened. Although the provision of psychiatric services specially designed to cater for the adolescent has gained momentum only in the past three to five years, the demands of this section of the population is underlined by Rosen et al. (1965) who showed, in an American survey of 750,000 clinic patients seen in 1962, that approximately one-quarter were aged between ten and nineteen years—a number representing 6 · 2 per thousand adolescents of the population served. Similar figures, namely, 6 · 6 per thousand (Kidd et al., 1968), were found in Aberdeen, and 5 · 6 per thousand (Henderson et al., 1967) were found in Edinburgh. Since an adolescent psychiatric service was opened in Edinburgh in 1967, there has been a continual increase in the demand for its services, as follows:This suggests that the previous figures were an underestimate and that psychiatric disturbance amongst adolescents may be much greater than formerly estimated. Furthermore, such referrals do not indicate the demands for help that Approved Schools and children's homes have made. The authors believe that psychiatric skills are most effectively deployed in these settings if the psychiatrist acts as a consultant to the staff, rather than by assessing and treating individual children (Evans, 1963). Even so, demands have far outstripped the available supply of psychiatric time.

scholarly journals Memory, Historiography, and “Memorial Paradigm”: On the Role of Historical Memory in Specific Situations [Review: The Past for the Present: Historical Memory and Narratives of National Identity: A Collective Monograph. Repina L.P. (Ed.). Moscow, Akvilon, 2020. (In Russian)]

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 227-234
Author(s):  
D.E. Martynov ◽  
◽  
G.P. Myagkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
World History ◽  
Integral Image ◽  
Factual Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The paper reviews the collective monograph published by the Center for Intellectual History of the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IWH RAS). The reviewers consider the theoretical and factual information presented in the monograph in the context of the analysis of both general and specific characteristics of historical memory. The study of historical memory is possible through the analysis of specific political and intellectual practices of the era of early and mature modernity. The use of J. Rusen’s methodology was justified. According to this methodology, historical memory can be regarded as an “unconscious ideology,” which will inevitably be mythological, because it links the memories of an individual with an integral image of the past. From the aforesaid, it may be seen that the compound term “past – for – present”, which expresses the direction of historical memory, can be introduced. The term is reflected in the title of the monograph under review. The substantive features of strategies for the development of historical memory based on ideologemes were considered by the authors using the example of Russia, Great Britain, Poland (the ideology of Sarmatism), and Bolivia (the ideology of Indianism).

Effective Approaches to Reducing Unintended Pregnancy and Improving Girls’ Education

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Alvira Hendricks
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Peer Education ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Education Access ◽  
The Past ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancies

This article explores the most effective approaches to reducing unintended pregnancies and improving girls’ education. Unintended adolescent pregnancies have gained substantial media attention across the globe over the past 20 years as the number of pregnant girls has increased annually. Multiple approaches have been implemented in attempt to reduce unintended adolescent pregnancies, such as sex education, the provision of contraceptives by the Department of Health, and addressing the role of young men, which are deemed to be the most commonly used approaches in South African schools. Study findings reveal that the most effective approaches to reducing adolescent pregnancies are sex education, access to contraceptives, peer education programs, and life skills training.

scholarly journals The Alberta Eugenics Movement and the 1937 Amendment to the Sexual Sterilization Act

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Mikkel Dack
Keyword(s):  
Mental Deficiency ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
The United States ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Political Resistance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Public Protest ◽  
Eugenics Movement

The scholarly study of eugenics legislation in Alberta has been seriously limited as research has focused on the province’s original Sterilization Act, passed in March 1928, and on the political, social, and economic conditions of the 1920s. Although the 1928 Act was of great significance, being the first sterilization law passed in Canada, it was its 1937 amendment and the permitting of involuntary sterilizations that made the Alberta eugenics movement truly distinct. During the late 1930s, a time when the great majority of regional governments were either decommissioning or disregarding their sterilization laws due to a lack of funding, the discrediting of scientific racism and an increase in public protest, Alberta expanded its own legislation. Although similar laws were met with fierce opposition in other provinces and in the United States, this new amendment of 1937 remained largely unopposed in Alberta. As a result of such narrowly focused research, the explanations for why the Act was amended and why resistance to non-consensual sterilization remained minimal during the 1930s have been based almost entirely on political and social assumptions and not on sound evidence; explanations have proven to be exaggerated, inaccurate, and misleading. By dismissing the preconceived notions and arguments of the past we are left with a new grounding from which to build future propositions and with a new set of sharpened questions to help determine why the Alberta government, and presumably its people, were willing to support such regressive legislation when it was being ignored and rejected elsewhere. By doing so new theories arise, such as the influential role of individual personalities within the provincial government and the Alberta medical community, the definition and diagnosis of “mental deficiency” in Canada, and the means by which political resistance could be expressed.

Can GPs coordinate “whole person care”?

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Bob Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Care Coordinator ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Whole Person

Purpose – As the notion of “integrated care” has received ever greater policy traction, so the idea that a named individual should take responsibility for coordinating the various elements of care for service users has also gained ground. The purpose of this paper is to look at the proposal to hand this role to GPs, examine the policy expectations and explore some of the implementation dilemmas. Design/methodology/approach – Review of policy documents and relevant literature. Findings – That the role of “care coordinator” has rarely succeeded in the past and that there are specific difficulties in expecting GPs to take on the task. Research limitations/implications – Review of existing literature linked to emergent policy – no original research. Originality/value – This is a new application of an enduring policy concept. Currently the literature is thin.

scholarly journals Pilot project: easy read psychiatry clinic appointment outcome letters

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S219-S220
Author(s):  
Anu Sharma ◽  
Indermeet Sawhney
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disability ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Accessible Information ◽  
Current Medication ◽  
Simple Language ◽  
Review Form ◽  
Patients With Special Needs ◽  
Clinic Practice

AimsTo improve communication with patients and carers by sharing information in an easily comprehensible manner.BackgroundAccording to the department of health guidelines, there is legal requirement to provide copies all clinical correspondence to the patients. Therefore, after any clinic review, letters summarizing the consultation are sent out to GP and patients are copied in. However, these are not very meaningful for patients with special needs, as they struggle to comprehend information. Previous studies have shown that patients with learning disability would prefer letters in a simple language and would also like to participate in the decision making process. According to Accessible Information Standard, we have a legal obligation to deliver information to our service users in an easily understandable manner. We undertook a quality improvement pilot project of easy read templates to improve the understanding of patients and their carers/families.MethodA standard easy read template was co-produced after collecting feedback from different service users and clinicians. Pictures were incorporated into the questionnaire to facilitate understanding. We collected reviews over a period of 2 months from Nov 2019- Dec 2019. This proforma did not replace the routine clinic letter send out to the GP and the patients. This easy read template began with the introduction of the doctor (with photograph) and it encompassed mental health, physical health, current medication (and the benefits and side effects if any) and changes of medication. It also included epilepsy and the risks (risks to self and to others), vulnerability, behaviours of concern and the day-to-day activities that a service user engages in and finally about the plan formulated at the end of the consultation. At the same time, there was a separate form (with self-explanatory pictures), which collected feedback about the above mentioned appointment outcome review form.ResultTemplates were handed out to 65 patients and carers, and 60 completed the form. All patients found the template useful and helpful, mainly because it was easily comprehensible, with pictures, and also “provided instant updates”.ConclusionThis easy read template improves patients’ understanding and participation in the clinic review. This contributes to greater patient satisfaction. As Specialist Learning Disability services, we need to ensure that information is imparted to the patients and the carers in an easily understandable manner and this easy read template should be incorporated in the routine clinic practice.

Computers and the NHS: An Analysis of their Contribution to the Past, Present and Future Delivery of the National Health Service

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Gillies
Keyword(s):  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
National Health ◽  
First Generation ◽  
White Paper ◽  
The Past ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Major Reform ◽  
The Impact

This paper looks at the contribution that computers have made to the delivery of the National Health Service through a period of major reform that began in 1986, and is still ongoing. The paper starts with a retrospective analysis of the first generation of NHS Reforms and the role played by computer systems. The major empirical component is a case study looking at the impact of computers on health promotion activities among over 1 million patients in Lancashire. Finally, the paper looks forward to the latest NHS reforms, as outlined in the 1997 White Paper The New DHS (Department of Health, 1997, HMSO, London) and outlines the information implications and a strategic framework to deliver changes required if the reforms are to succeed.

The afterlife of a dictatorship: Ismail Kadare’s post-communist reckoning with the Albanian past

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-294
Author(s):  
Peter Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Social Trust ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
National Narrative ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Civic Consciousness ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Aspects

Legal processes of lustration have been carried out unevenly in the wake of Eastern Europe’s communist regimes. In countries where legal and political will is lacking, writers have carried out a role of literary lustration, occupying the empty spaces in civic consciousness and contributing to the rebuilding of social trust. The work of leading Albanian writer Ismail Kadare represents a contemporary case study in literary lustration. In his post-communist novels, Kadare seeks to rebuild a national narrative by exploring the effects of the past on the present and seeking truth, if not necessarily justice, in his country’s immediate past. Kadare’s post-communist novels chronicle the ongoing psychological and social effects of the dictatorship as the past is held to account for the aberrations of the present. Kadare recognizes the human aspects of loss and oppression, showing their political and social consequences for a nation battling to emerge from its traumatic past.

Reflections on writing and exhibiting learning disability history: commentary on “Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus: Our Heritage”

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-135
Author(s):  
Simon Jarrett ◽  
Nicola Clare Grove
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Learning Disability ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Disability History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Victim Status ◽  
Critical Issues

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to comment on the article “Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus: Our Heritage – the role of heritage exhibitions in tackling social isolation.” Design/methodology/approach This provides some further reflection and points for discussion on topics arising from the themes in the original article. Findings Issues are raised about the medicalisation of conditions and the ways in which a social and cultural model of disability challenges preconceptions and assumptions about personhood and victim status. Reference is made to the broader context of hidden histories and the ways in which people with learning disabilities are now taking active roles in reclaiming the story of their lives in the past and now. Originality/value The paper aims to raise awareness of critical issues of learning disability history prompted by the original paper.

scholarly journals The Care Programme Approach in learning disability psychiatry

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 380-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Roy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Learning Disability ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Care Programme ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Safe Care

For nearly three decades, closure of large psychiatric and learning disability hospitals has continued and more people with mental health needs remain in the community. With this continuing decrease in hospital provision, there has been an increased focus on the development of systems of safe care and effective treatment for people with significant mental health problems living in the community. Attempts to make this a central plank of mental health care have been reflected in legislation and guidance produced by the Department of Health. The Care Programme Approach (CPA) was introduced in 1991 after the publication of HC (90) 23/LASSL (90) 11 and subsequent guidance from the White Paper Caring for People (Department of Health, 1990).

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