scholarly journals Smoking in chronic psychiatric illness: is it worth it?

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 533-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. McDonald ◽  
N. Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chronic Psychiatric Patients

The prevalence of smoking is higher among chronic psychiatric patients than the general population, in spite of their lower income. The purpose of this study was to calculate the percentage of income these patients spend on smoking and to discuss the relationship between smoking and chronic psychiatric disorders, in particular schizophrenia. Ninety-six smokers were included in the study. The mean percentage expenditure on smoking was 294% of income. We discuss why chronic psychiatric patients smoke so much, why they should not, and what factors may encourage them to quit.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome in psychiatry: advances in understanding and management

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrus S. H. Ho ◽  
Melvyn W. B. Zhang ◽  
Anselm Mak ◽  
Roger C. M. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryMetabolic syndrome comprises a number of cardiovascular risk factors that increase morbidity and mortality. The increase in incidence of the syndrome among psychiatric patients has been unanimously demonstrated in recent studies and it has become one of the greatest challenges in psychiatric practice. Besides the use of psychotropic drugs, factors such as genetic polymorphisms, inflammation, endocrinopathies and unhealthy lifestyle contribute to the association between metabolic syndrome and a number of psychiatric disorders. In this article, we review the current diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome and propose clinically useful guidelines for psychiatrists to identify and monitor patients who may have the syndrome. We also outline the relationship between metabolic syndrome and individual psychiatric disorders, and discuss advances in pharmacological treatment for the syndrome, such as metformin.LEARNING OBJECTIVES•Be familiar with the definition of metabolic syndrome and its parameters of measurement.•Appreciate how individual psychiatric disorders contribute to metabolic syndrome and vice versa.•Develop a framework for the prevention, screening and management of metabolic syndrome in psychiatric patients.

Does Violence Have Cognitive Correlates?

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Robertson ◽  
P. J. Taylor ◽  
J. C. Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Small Extent ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Reasoning Ability ◽  
Violent Behaviour ◽  
Cognitive Correlates ◽  
General Ability ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between cognitive function and violence in 76 remanded prisoners, without formal psychiatric illness, was investigated. The violent group tended to be of slightly lower general ability than the non-violent group, but not abnormally so in relation to the general population; no relationship was found between specific patterns of cognitive functioning and violence. The violent group reported significantly higher levels of neurotic symptoms than the non-violent group, and were more socially deviant. To a small extent general intelligence (reasoning ability), in interaction with many other factors, may be related to a propensity for violent behaviour, but no particular aspect of cortical functioning seems to be related to violence.

The EEG as a Measure of Cerebral Functional Organization

1977 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Shaw ◽  
K. P. O'Connor ◽  
C. Ongley
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Coherence Measure ◽  
Alpha Frequency ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
The Brain

SummaryEvidence suggests that anomalies of functional organization in the brain may be present in some psychiatric disorders and that EEG differences between psychiatric patients and appropriate control groups may depend on them. It is therefore of practical importance to develop further ways of examining the association between the EEG and such organization. The change in inter-hemisphere coherence (a measure of EEG synchronicity) in the alpha frequency band when carrying out a task is shown to discriminate a group of 11 right from 11 left preferent normal individuals. Since right and left preference is associated with differences in cerebral functional organization, the coherence measure may be a useful way of studying this feature of psychiatric illness.

scholarly journals Difficulties and Concerns of Patients with Severe Mental Disorders and Their Caregivers During Hospitalization and After Discharge During the First Wave of COVID-19 Epidemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3 Special Issue on COVID-19) ◽  
pp. 348-359
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Jalali Nadoushan ◽  
◽  
Saeedeh Shirdel ◽  
Marjan Shokrani ◽  
Porshad Pourzarabian Haghighi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Safe Place ◽  
The World ◽  
Time Of Admission

Objectives: The Covid-19 has caused anxiety and stress in people all over the world. One of the most vulnerable groups during this epidemic are people with psychiatric disorders. In this study, we investigate the leading causes of concern among patients with psychiatric disorders and their families during and after hospitalization. The purpose of this study is to improve the care and service given to these patients and their caregivers regarding their concerns. Methods: In this study, 48 patients with psychiatric disorders hospitalized from late February to late April 2020 in the Iran Psychiatric Hospital were contacted by telephone. They completed a questionnaire related to the covid-19 pandemic and the problems caused by it during and after their hospitalization. Results: Inability to meet with family and the fear of infection to Covid-19 were among the main concerns of these patients at the time of admission. Their most worrying factors after discharge were the negative impact of quarantine on the recurrence of psychiatric illness. On the other hand, the most significant concern during the hospitalization of a patient with Covid-19 is the caregivers of these patients after discharge and the inaccessibility to a physician. Conclusion: The Covid-19 pandemic has caused challenges in treating psychiatric patients; thus, this study suggests some solutions such as providing a safe place for doctors to visit the patients, recommending the patients and the caregivers to observe self-hygiene protocols, and seeing patients virtually.

The Relationship between Scores on Ryle's Marital Patterns Test and Independent Ratings of Marital Quality

1985 ◽  
Vol 146 (6) ◽  
pp. 638-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Birtchnell
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Patient ◽  
Marital Quality ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThis study concerns 250 marriages of 40–49 year-old women from a psychiatric patient and general population series. Psychiatric patients' marriages involved less exchange of affection, were husband-dominated, and were of poor quality. In general population marriages, poor quality was related to wife domination. Affection given (AG) and affection received (AR) scores were significantly associated, being high in good marriages and low in bad ones. Zero or near-zero domination was associated with high AG and AR scores and with good quality marriages. Husband domination was linked with wives having high (MMPI) dependency scores. Terminated marriages, compared with bad but non-terminated marriages, had significantly lower AR scores.

Selected Neurocognitive Test Data and Work Attendance for Chronic Psychiatric Patients

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1027-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Walter Heinrichs ◽  
Alison S. Bury
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Variable Model ◽  
Sheltered Workshop ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Neurocognitive Test ◽  
Sorting Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chronic Psychiatric Patients

The relationship between work attendance-absence and selected measures of executive (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Trail Making B) and motor (Purdue Pegboard) function was explored in a sample of 42 chronic psychiatric patients at a sheltered workshop setting. Work attendance was unrelated to intelligence but correlated with several executive and motor variables. A stepwise regression analysis produced a three-variable model which accounted for 40% of the variance. However, the direction of the relationships suggested that high attendance was most likely for older, more cognitively rigid patients, with less manual dexterity than other patients. These findings are discussed in terms of the need to consider jointly neurocognitive and environmental constraints on ecological functioning.

Psychiatric Disorders in Foster Home Reared Children of Schizophrenic Mothers

1966 ◽  
Vol 112 (489) ◽  
pp. 819-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard L. Heston
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Foster Home ◽  
The Relationship

The place of genetic factors in the aetiology of schizophrenia remains disputed. Several surveys have demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of the disorder in relatives of schizophrenic persons as compared to the general population. Furthermore, the closer the relationship, the higher the incidence of schizophrenia. The studies of Kallmann (1938) and Slater (1953) are especially significant and the research in this area has been thoroughly reviewed by Alanen (1958).

2285Increased risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest associated with psychiatric disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Barcella ◽  
G H Mohr ◽  
K Kragholm ◽  
D M Christensen ◽  
C Polcwiartek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
High Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Index Date ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Abstract Introduction Patients with psychiatric disorders are at high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality; yet, the risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) compared to the general population remains unknown. Purpose We investigated whether the presence and severity of different psychiatric disorders were associated with a higher risk of OHCA. Methods We conducted a case-control study matching all adult patients with OHCA of presumed cardiac cause between 2001 and 2014 with up to nine controls from the entire Danish population on age, sex and ischemic heart disease (IHD). Patients with psychiatric disorders were identified using in- and out-patient hospital diagnoses – both primary and secondary - before index date. We identified six mutually exclusive psychiatric disorders that were separately examined: personality disorders, anxiety, substance-related mental disorders, depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. The risk of OHCA associated with the six psychiatric disorders was evaluated by conditional logistic regression adjusting for comorbidities, concomitant pharmacotherapy, socioeconomic status and marital status. Results We included 32,447 OHCA cases matched with 291,999 controls from the general population. Overall, the median age was 72 years, 67% were male and 29% had IHD prior to index date. All the six psychiatric disorders examined were more common among cases than controls; depression was the most common psychiatric disorders in both groups: 5.0% among cases and 2.8% among controls. Concurrently, all six psychiatric disorders were associated with significantly higher odds of OHCA: personality disorders (odds ratio (OR) 1.30 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.60], anxiety OR 1.26 [95% CI 1.15–1.39], substance induced-mental disorders OR 2.36 [95% CI 2.17–2.57], depression OR 1.27 [95% CI 1.19–1.35], bipolar disorder OR 1.32 [95% CI 1.16–1.50] and schizophrenia OR 1.80 [95% CI 1.58–2.05] (Figure). The association persisted unaffected when we studied psychiatric patients neither exposed to antipsychotics nor to antidepressants. We observed a trend towards a stronger association when we stratified according to the severity of the psychiatric disorder (Figure). Severe disorders where classified as at least one hospitalization for the specific psychiatric illness as primary diagnosis during the five years prior to index date. Conclusions Common psychiatric disorders including personality disorders, anxiety, substance-related mental disorders, depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are significantly associated with higher odds of OHCA. These findings provide a rationale for early cardiovascular risk factor screening and, potentially, management among psychiatric patients to identify patients at high risk of OHCA. Acknowledgement/Funding ESCAPE-NET project

Quality of life in chronically mentally ill patients in day treatment

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 703-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Levitt ◽  
T. P. Hogan ◽  
Catherine M. Bucosky
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Chronic Psychiatric Patients

SynopsisA structured assessment instrument, the Quality of Life Interview, was used to explain the quality of life of seventy patients with chronic psychiatric illness attending a day treatment programme. The interview was found to have acceptable psychometric properties. Factors that best predicted the quality of life of these patients included the number of re-admissions in the last year, frequency of family contacts, satisfaction with social life, psychiatric health and adult education. The theoretical implications and potential clinical benefits of these findings for chronic psychiatric patients are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document