Some Remarks on the Treatment of General Paralysis by Diathermy

1933 ◽  
Vol 79 (324) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman B. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
The Body ◽  
Effective Agent ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree

Acting on the theory that hyperpyrexia is the effective agent in the treatment of general paralysis by malaria, Neymann and Osborne (1) experimented on dogs to see whether, by means of diathermy, sufficient heat could be generated to raise the temperature of the experimental animals to a high degree without injurious results.This being found practicable, they devised a method of applying diathermy to the human subject, with the same purpose in view.They found that they were able, by using a suitable set of electrodes, and by thorough insulation of the individual, to raise the body temperature to any height, and, moreover, to keep the temperature under definite control.

scholarly journals XII.—The Effect of changing the Daily Routine on the Diurnal Rhythm in Body Temperature

1912 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-261
Author(s):  
Sutherland Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Diurnal Rhythm ◽  
Temperature Curve ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual

To determine whether the diurnal variation in body temperature is due to the combined effects of the various influences which are known to act upon it, such as muscular exercise, the ingestion of food, sleep, etc., or is present independently of these, the daily routine of the individual who is the subject of the experiment may be reversed artificially by causing him to work during the night and rest and sleep during the day, or it may be modified in another way, viz. by rapidly changing his longitude in a journey from west to east, or vice versa. If the temperature of the body is dependent on the influences mentioned, then a total reversal of the daily routine, or any modification of it, should produce a corresponding change in the diurnal temperature curve.

An Intelligent Thermal Imaging System Adopting Fuzzy-Logic-Based Viola Jones Method in Flu Detection

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Kit Wong ◽  
Nur Izzati Nadiah Binti Ishak ◽  
Heng Siong Lim ◽  
Jalil bin Md Desa
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Detection System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Thermal Imaging System ◽  
Eye Region

Some infectious diseases can spread rapidly via a community of human or animals or both, either through airborne particles or viruses. Such rapid spread diseases may become a local, national or international widespread and contagious threat. As a symptom of infection, the body temperature of a disease carrier is higher than normal people. In this chapter, flu detection system using thermal imaging tool and computer vision techniques are discussed. An automatic flu detection method adopting human object extraction algorithm and fuzzy logic based Viola Jones algorithm are also discussed. The proposed system able to capture a thermogram of the human subject, detecting the eye region of the human subject, calculating the pixels values around the detected eye region, converted to temperature readings and further classified the subject's body temperature whether the subject satisfies a flu condition or not. Experimental results also shown that the proposed fuzzy logic based Viola Jones algorithm can trace out flu infectious personal from the input thermal images up to 80% of accuracy.

General Paralysis: its Unsolved Problems

1924 ◽  
Vol 70 (288) ◽  
pp. 33-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Progress ◽  
The Body ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Arsenical Compounds ◽  
Latent Interval ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Special Strain ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Gain Access

There is probably no disease in regard to which our views have undergone so radical a change during the past few years as general paralysis of the insane, and none in which the discovery of the causative agent has been followed by so rapid a revolution in standpoint. Although almost from the time of its definition, more than a century ago, the essentially organic nature of the disease and its close relationship to syphilis have been universally recognized, it has required many years of patient study to free it from the hypotheses which have been invoked to explain its obscurities, and, as always happens in scientific progress, in the process of unravelling the knotty problems of this disease, we discover that there are new obstacles and difficulties to be overcome. Is the Spirochóte pallida alone responsible for the genesis of general paralysis? When does it gain access to the nervous system, and how? Is there a special strain of spirochóte, or must the individual resistance of the infected person be considered the deciding factor in the development of the disease? What is the meaning of the long latent interval before the onset of symptoms? What determines the peculiar distribution of the lesions in general paralysis, and is there some particular place in the brain from which the spirochæte starts its wandering? What is the significance of the absence of spirochætes in other organs of the body, and why does the cerebro-spinal fluid contain no organisms at a time when the brain contains millions? Why do tabes, general paralysis and optic atrophy, supposedly of similar origin, not occur in conjunction more frequently? Why is it that arsenical compounds fail to effect a cure?

scholarly journals CHANGES IN LINEAR MEASUREMENTS AND LIVE WEIGHT WITH AGE IN PUREBRED AND CROSSBRED PIGLETS

PIG-BREEDING ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
LEVSHIN A.D. ◽  
◽  
KULMAKOVA N.I. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
The Individual

Since changes in linear measurements and the live weight of animals are manifested in a very multifaceted way, it is difficult to imagine their study and accounting using a single universal method. This problem can be solved by using a variety of methods and techniques for studying the individual development of the body. This article is devoted to the study of the features of growth and development in purebred breeding and interbreed hybridization based on the study of the intensity of live weight growth, the dynamics of average daily increases in relative growth rate and linear measurements of experimental animals.

scholarly journals Relationship between dietary composition and normal body temperature and hypothermia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tympanic Temperature ◽  
Dietary Composition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Waking Up ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Maintaining a core temperature of 37.0 °C is important for autoimmunity, but reports in recent years show a declining trend in body temperature in Japan. The present study aimed to identify the factors leading to hypothermia by examining the relationship between dietary composition. Methods The subjects were 80 healthy females (average age: 18.2±1.0 years). We used a questionnaire format to survey the dietary pattern of the subjects. The dietary patterns were assessed by examining the average meal content consumed per week over the last 1-2 months and meal consumption, including nutritional content and other factors, using analysis software. The subjects measured their tympanic temperature using a thermometer after waking up. Correlation coefficient was calculated to determine correlations between tympanic temperature and each item. Results A significant correlation was observed between tympanic membrane temperatures upon waking up and iodine intake (r = 0.301,P<0.05) as well as the adequacy ratio of iodine reference intake (ratio of iodine intake to the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese, r = 0.301,P<0.05). A comparison between the group with tympanic membrane temperatures of ≥ 36.0 °C upon waking up and that with temperatures of < 36.0 °C showed a significant difference in iodine intake (732±518μg vs 422±248μg,P<0.05) and the adequacy ratio of iodine reference intake (5.6±4.0 vs 3.2±1.9,P<0.05). Conclusions We examined the association of body temperature in Japanese women in their teens with their dietary composition and found a correlation between iodine intake and the adequacy ratio of iodine reference intake. Iodine is a substance essential for the production of the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Thyroid hormones regulate biochemical reactions, such as protein synthesis and enzyme activity, and play an important role in regulating metabolic activity. Therefore, iodine may influence body temperature via these hormones. Key messages Regular body temperature monitoring is recommended for the prevention of infectious diseases. When there is a decrease in the body temperature, dietary composition of the individual should be checked.

scholarly journals The thermal effect of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on rat testes

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-419
Author(s):  
Viera Almášiová ◽  
Katarína Holovská ◽  
Veronika Šimaiová ◽  
Katarína Beňová ◽  
Adam Raček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Thermal Effect ◽  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Transmission Electron

The study focused on the effect of microwave radiation at a dose which commonly does not lead to tissue heating, however, in the rat testes it resulted in accumulation of heat. Adult rats were exposed to whole body pulse radiation at a frequency of 2.45 GHz and mean power density of 28 W/m2, for 3 h a day for the duration of 3 weeks. Immediately after each irradiation, the body temperature and the testicular temperature were measured in the control and experimental animals. Samples for histological and immunohistochemical analysis were taken after the last irradiation and processed for light and transmission electron microscopy. An evaluation of spermatozoa motility was performed using computer-assisted sperm analysis. Although the body temperature of the rats was not elevated after the irradiations, the testicular temperature was significantly increased (P < 0.004). Testes of the experimental animals had considerably dilated and congested blood vessels and the seminiferous epithelium showed degenerative changes. The Leydig cells showed no obvious structural abnormalities. Transmission electron microscopy revealed ultrastructural changes in developing sex cells, Sertoli cells, and endothelial cells. An intensified immunoreactivity to superoxide dismutase 1 was found in spermatogonia and Leydig cells in the experimental animals. Results of the present study revealed a distinctly adverse effect of microwave radiation on the thermoregulatory capability and histological structure of rat testes as well as an oxidative damage of the tissue. The scientific knowledge confirming or denying the thermal effect of microwave radiation on living tissue is scarce and thus the present study may be regarded as unique and helpful to clarify the issue.

The Ætiology of General Paralysis of the Insane

1930 ◽  
Vol 76 (314) ◽  
pp. 524-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Power
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
Mentally Disordered ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Pathogenic Agents

In studying the ætiology of any ailment it is profitable to assume that no disease has a single cause. All the manifestations which constitute disease are the result of a disturbance of equilibrium between the human organism and its environment. In the production of this disharmony many factors play a part, each varying in importance from case to case. Nevertheless, since the discoveries of Pasteur we have become accustomed to view diseases mainly from the standpoint of their causative organisms, thereby neglecting many equally important factors in their ætiology. Yet we know of many instances where these selfsame pathogenic agents reside in the human body without producing any symptoms of disease. The meningococcus and diphtheria bacillus are found in the air-passages of many healthy people, while after the disease has run its course, the causative organism in typhoid may continue to occupy the body indefinitely. Moreover it frequently happens that living parasites of malaria, purposely introduced into the human subject, fail to produce any symptoms after many weeks of incubation. In cases of this nature it may transpire that the addition of further noxious influence, such as an injection of milk or even a cold bath, may precipitate the symptoms of malaria, which thereafter runs its normal course. Conversely, there are many individuals, or groups of individuals, who are particularly prone to fall victim to maladies from which others appear to be protected. The mentally disordered are very liable to infection by the Flexner group of organisms, while those who nurse them are seldom attacked. Such illustrations, which might be multiplied indefinitely, serve as a useful reminder of the complex factors at work in the production of diseases of microbic origin. The soil is just as important as the seed, and no study of ætiology would be complete were the question of individual susceptibility to be omitted.

scholarly journals Effect of heat stress on vital signs in high-yield dairy cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Vujanac ◽  
Danijela Kirovski ◽  
Jovan Bojkovski ◽  
Radisa Prodanovic ◽  
Bozidar Savic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Heat Index ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Respiratory Movements

The objective of this work was to examine the influence of outer temperature on values of the vital signs (temperature, pulse, respiration) in high-yield dairy cows in early stages of lactation, as well as to establish, on the grounds of the degree of correlation between the values for the vital signs and the temperature humidity index (THI), possibilities for using the examined physiological parameters of the organism as an indicator of heat stress. The experiment covered 10 high-yield dairy cows in the first phase of lactation. The investigations were carried out in the course of July and the first half of August. During the course of the experiment, the average THI was determined daily. An average daily THI higher than 70 indicated that the animal had been exposed to heat stress on that day. Vital signs were measured on twelve occasions during the period of investigation (June 30, July 4, July 7, July 10, July 14, July 17, July 21, July 24, July 29, August 5, August 11, and August 14). It was established on the grounds of the THI values that the examined animals were exposed to heat stress on June 30, July 4, July 7, July 14, July 17, July 21, July 29, August 5, and August 14, while there was no heat stress on July 10, July 24, and August 11. The average body temperature during all the periods of examination, with the exception of July 24, was above the upper physiological limit. A high degree of correlation was established between body temperature and the heat index (r = +0. 509; p = 0.05). The number of respiratory movements per minute was above the physiological values during the entire period of investigation. There was a high degree of correlation between the number of respiratory movements and THI (r = + 0.625; p<0.05). The average pulse values and number of contractions of the rumen did not vary significantly during the period of investigation. No significant correlation was established between the pulse and THI values, or between motoric activities of the rumen and THI. The results obtained in this work demonstrate that, in high-yield dairy cows exposed to moderate heat stress, the body temperature and the number of respiratory movements are above physiologically permitted values. On these grounds, it can be concluded that these two parameters of the vital signs can be used as physiological indicators of heat stress. .

scholarly journals Profil Vulva dan Suhu Tubuh Kambing Peranakan Etawa pada Sinkronisasi Estrus Menggunakan Medroxy Progesterone Acetate dan Suplementasi Zinc (Zn)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rosyid Ridlo ◽  
Risa Ummami ◽  
Naela Wanda Yusria Dalimunthe ◽  
Dhasia Ramandani ◽  
Nur Ika Prihanani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Estrus Synchronization ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth ◽  
Group 1

Peranakan Etawa (PE) goat farming is one of the growing livestock sectors in Indonesia. Indonesia needs a sustainable breeding system that can guarantee the availability of goats. Estrus synchronization is a necessity that can help uniform the breeding time and manage the time of pregnancy and birth. Artificial estrus synchronization techniques that use a combination of Prosterone and Zinc minerals give good results of estrus synchronization in goats. The Aim of this research is to understand the combination efectiveness of estrus synchronization technique with progesterone acetate and Zinc supplementation. The design of this study used two treatment groups, each group consisting of three does PE goats. Estrus synchronization of experimental animals in treatment 1 and 2 was carried out using polyurethane sponge implant method which contained medroxi progesterone acetate 60 mg. Group 1 was given Sponge Progesterone for nine 9 days while giving Zinc (Zn) mineral supplement (Elemental Zn 20 mg, Kimia Farma) orally given 7 times. The frequency of Zinc administration every day begins during intra vaginal sponge insertion. Group 2 was treated same as group 1 with 14 days of implant time and 7 times of Zinc supplementation.The results showed that both treatments occurred estrus simultaneously with good estrus quality. Both treatments show the results of the estrus 8 score assessment with the estrus 3-9 range. The maximum estrus quality’s value of group 2 was higher (8.33 ± 0.57) compared to group 1 (8.0 ± 1.0). The estrus duration of group 2 occurs for 24 hours and group 1 for 7 hours. Estrus onset of Group 2 is earlier (58 hours) than group 1 (75 hours). Both treatment groups showed an increase in temperature at period of the occurrence of estrus. Body temperature during estrus time was 38.7 ± 0.20 0C to 39.60 ± 0.26 0C. The conclusion of this study is that in both treatments of estrus synchronization using sponge progesterone and zinc supplementation can cause estrus synchronization effectively . The duration of estrus in group 1 (9 days of implant) was Shorter than group 2 (14 days of implant). The onset of estrus time of group 1 (9 days of implant) was longer than Group 2 (14 days of implant). The body temperature of the experimental animals increases with the occurrence of estrus.

Body temperature, oviposition, and food intake in the hen during continuous light

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1145-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kadono ◽  
E. L. Besch ◽  
E. Usami
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
The Body ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Deep Body Temperature ◽  
Food And Water Intake ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Electric Signals

Deep-body temperature of the laying hen was measured with an implantable radio transmitter. Food and water intake and oviposition time were recorded, remotely, based on electric signals from microswitches attached to the individual cages. Body temperature and feeding activity of the laying hen under continuous light displayed a circadian rhythm. The length of the body-temperature cycle was 25.2 h, and the feeding cycle was 25.3 h. These values appear to be associated with the animal's laying cycle which was 25.3 h. The laying cycle of the hen can play an important role in the maintenance of circadian rhythms of body temperature and feeding activity. Both the marked temperature rise found at the time of oviposition and the prelaying (or nesting) behavior may be controlled by a preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone.

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