Progress of Psychiatry in 1902

1903 ◽  
Vol 49 (204) ◽  
pp. 152-154
Author(s):  
H. M. Bannister
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Partisan Politics ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Special Events ◽  
American Psychiatry ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The One

The past year has not been notable for any special events in American psychiatry, though the usual amount of activity has existed. There has been no retrogression, and signs of a better future ahead as regards political control of charitable institutions have appeared in quarters where they are most welcome. In Illinois, for example, where for ten years past politicians have controlled the institutions, recent events have made reform in this regard a political issue, and both parties are, so to speak, tumbling over each other in their zeal to utilise it to their own advantage. The scandal that excited this was not abuse of patients or bad financial management, for neither of these has been proven, but the assessment of employés for political purposes, which has at last aroused the public conscience. The outcome can hardly fail to be good, and we may hope at least for a better state of affairs than existed even before the politicians took control. It is a slow work educating the public as to the political neutrality of hospitals for the insane, but it is being done, and the prospect is that they will before very long be as free from the abuses of partisan politics in Illinois as in any of the older states of the Union. I have spoken of this matter in previous letters, but it is right that I mention it again, for it is the chief fault of our public institutions, and the one that is more than everything else responsible for their failings.

scholarly journals Growing more food with less water: how can revitalizing Asia's irrigation help?

Water Policy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Mukherji ◽  
Thierry Facon ◽  
Charlotte de Fraiture ◽  
David Molden ◽  
Colin Chartres
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Multiple Strategies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Current State ◽  
Underlying Principle ◽  
Societal Changes ◽  
State Of Affairs

Asia accounts for 70% of the world's irrigated area and is home to some of the oldest and largest irrigation schemes. While these irrigation schemes played an important role in ensuring food security for billions of people in the past, their current state of affairs leaves much to be desired. This paper takes forward the IWMI–FAO–ADB (Asian Development Bank) recommendation of a five-pronged approach for revitalizing Asia's irrigation and provides a region-specific road map for doing this. The underlying principle of these multiple strategies is the belief that the public institutions at the heart of irrigation management in Asia need to give up comfortable rigidity and engage with individual users' needs and the demands placed by larger societal changes.

scholarly journals Social capital: Limitations of the concept and participation in public life in Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
Kamil Aksiuto
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Public ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
State Of Affairs

The article examines some of the most common and crucial difficulties involved in the use of the concept of “social capital” for research purposes. Some of the limitations of the concept are subsequently exemplified in the ways in which it has been employed to explain the unwillingness of a large part of the Polish society to participate in the public life. Social scientists have often accounted for this by emphasizing the low level of social capital in Poland, i.e. absence of certain skills necessary for active engagement in public life and/or lack of trust (trust in public institutions as well as towards other people in general). The article argues that such explanations are either obscuring important factors which contributed to this state of affairs or might gloss over the resources of social capital which are present in the Polish society.

The German Right to anExistenzminimum, Human Dignity, and the Possibility of Minimum Core Socioeconomic Rights Protection

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Leijten
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
Wage Bill ◽  
The Public ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Social Welfare Programs ◽  
Socioeconomic Rights ◽  
The One

Due to the financial crisis, European states are struggling to make both ends meet and comply with budgetary requirements, This results in cutting pensions and the public wage bill, as well as in phasing out subsidies and other forms of assistance, Although welfare state arrangements have become more limited in the past several decades, especially now, in these times of austerity, it is worth asking how far states can go in limiting social welfare programs, On the one hand, it can be said that there need to be fundamental rights-based limits to the legitimate phasing out or cutting down of existing arrangements to ensure that a minimum level of social arrangements is at all times guaranteed. On the other hand, it is hard to curtail the legislature's freedom by setting such limits, as the political sensitivity, technical aspects, and budgetary implications of social measures seemingly do not allow for too much fundamental rights rhetoric.

What have Reconstructed Roundhouses Ever Done for Us..?

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 97-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Townend
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
The One

The reconstructed roundhouse is everywhere: on the television, in the literature, in the landscape. It has powerful currency in both the public and academic understandings of the vernacular architecture of later British prehistory, in particular for the Iron Age. However, because the focus of these reconstructions is normally on technologies and engineering principles on the one hand, or on the experience of their occupation on the other, the roundhouse reconstruction — even after more than 30 years research around them — in fact currently tells us remarkably little about the past and a great deal about who we understand ourselves to be. This paper will explore what insight roundhouse reconstructions currently do and do not give into later British prehistory and what they may be able to indicate if the act of building is taken as a theme over the technologies of their construction or the experience of their space.

scholarly journals The Problem with People

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Change Problem ◽  
Energy Supply Security

Climate change has become a critical political issue in the past twenty years. However, there is a related issue that is often overlooked by governments, industry, and the public: energy supply security, defined by the IAEA (2007) as “...the ability of a nation to muster the energy resources needed to ensure its welfare” (n.p.). Conventional energy requires the burning of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide, the primary driver behind climate change (Pulles & Amstel, 2010, p. 4). Because of this, the problems of our dependence on fossil fuels and carbon fuelled global warming are interrelated. As such, solving the climate change problem may mitigate energy concerns. However, the potentially disastrous consequences of climate change will not be felt immediately while energy is critical to our daily survival; so, energy issues are arguably a more pressing concern.

Review Article: Putting Polarization in Perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc J. Hetherington
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
The Public ◽  
Partisan Polarization ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Senate ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Mass Attitudes

Scholarly research has demonstrated rather conclusively that American political elites have undergone a marked partisan polarization over the past thirty years. There is less agreement, however, as to whether the American electorate is polarized. This review article evaluates the evidence, causes and consequences of polarization on both the elite and mass levels. A marked difference between the two is found. Elites are polarized by almost any definition, although this state of affairs is quite common historically. In contrast, mass attitudes are now better sorted by party, but generally not polarized. While it is unclear whether this potentially troubling disconnect between centrist mass attitudes and extreme elite preferences has negative policy consequences, it appears that the super-majoritarian nature of the US Senate serves as a bulwark against policy outcomes that are more ideologically extreme than the public would prefer. Moreover, a public more centrist than those who represent it has also at times exerted a moderating influence on recent policies.

Secularization, Deprivatization, and the Reappearance of ‘Public Religion’ in Japanese Society

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Mullins
Keyword(s):  
Public Institutions ◽  
Allied Occupation ◽  
Restoration Movement ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Religion In Public Life

Abstract Sociological theories about the fate of religion in modern societies originated in Europe and were initially based on the history of Western Christianity. Whether or not these theoretical perspectives are useful for the analysis of other religious traditions in non-Western regions of the world has been the focus of considerable debate for decades. This article engages some of the familiar theories of secularization in light of major developments in Japanese religion and society over the past two centuries. While it has been widely assumed that modernization inevitably brings with it a decline in religion, the first phase of this process in Japan was accompanied by the creation of a powerful new form of religion—State Shintō—that served to unite the nation around a common set of symbols and institutions for half a century. This was followed by the rapid and forced secularization of Shintō during the Allied Occupation (1945-1952), which essentially privatized or removed it from public institutions. Since the end of the Occupation, however, there has been an ongoing movement to restore the special status of Shintō and its role in the public sphere. Even though recent case studies and survey research indicate that individual religiosity and organized religions are facing serious decline today, the reappearance of religion in public life and institutions represented by this restoration movement also needs to be taken into account in our assessment of secularization in contemporary Japan.

scholarly journals Assessment of Financial Health of Selected Transport Companies Conducting Business in the Public Line Transport

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-232
Author(s):  
Martin Telecky ◽  
Jiri Cejka
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Classification Models ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Values ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Given

As a part of their business, the transport companies provide the traffic services in the given region. For the needs of efficient managerial or financial management, it is necessary to know the detail financial analysis upon which the financial health of the company can be determined. The financial analysis utilizes the diagnostic methods which evaluates the company´s management from the viewpoint of the past, the presence and the expected future. Based on the financial health values, we can avoid future problems. The managers are warned against the possible bankruptcy in time. By selecting the appropriate classification models applied to the Czech environment, the financial situations of the carriers can be found out. Then, the intercompany comparison method is applied to assess the economic situation of selected carriers. The results achieved after applying the classification models and the intercompany comparison method serve as the key outcome of verification of credibility of selected classification models.

scholarly journals Une analyse économétrique du comportement d’intermédiation financière des sociétés de crédit populaire : le cas des caisses populaires

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre D. Chateau
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Flow Equation ◽  
Mortgage Loans ◽  
The Public ◽  
Consumer Loans ◽  
Asset Portfolio ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
The One

Abstract Considering the Caisses populaires as a financial system, we propose an econometric model of its consolidated balance sheet built around the following four major blocks. The first one presents a dynamic sub-model of the Caisses' asset portfolio, which emphasizes their intermediation among assets on the basis of the latter interest rates. In a second block, these rates are endogenized with respect to the key variables of both the real and monetary sectors of the economy. On the liability side, the Caisses' deposit market is dealt with in a third block, namely a demand for deposits or flow equation and a supply of deposits or rate setting operation. Finally, adjustment equations for the balance sheet items not already considered, are grouped in a fourth block. The overall model is dynamized through the deposit equation. From the model's econometric estimation, we arrive at the following conclusions about financial management and liquidity policies. On the asset side of the balance sheet, the Caisses aim mainly at satisfying their members' needs for mortgages and, to a lesser but growing degree, for consumer loans. Next, for the funds remaining after satisfying internal needs, the institution proceeds to some sort of secondary, medium-term intermediation, then preferring quasi-liquid and higher yielding bonds to reserves. On the liability side, the Caisses seem to set their rate on deposits on the basis of the one for chartered banks (price leadership) as well as on the basis of the most representative asset rates, i.e. the ones on consumer and mortgage loans. Finally, the public demand for the Caisses' deposits, is more a function of the borrowing privileges offered to the members than of the intrinsic competitive rate paid on them.

scholarly journals The functioning of information system in the society of the Second modern in conditions of military conflict

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Olha Yurko
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Source Of Information

The features of functioning of information system in the society of the Second modern in conditions of military conflict are analyzed in the article. Also we tried to analyze connection of this features with characteristics of the political and economic systems of this type of society. Television continues to be the main source of information about state of affairs in Ukraine and in the world, although it’s influence is decreasing. The concentration of media ownership in the hands of financial and industrial groups, associated with political forces, is an important issue. Online media and social networks are the second among the sources of information about state of affairs in Ukraine and in the world. Their increasing influence raises the question of the power of large internet companies, who have the ability to control information flows, provide an opportunity to use the information aggregated by them for the application of specific political technologies of influence on the public sphere. These companies are out of control of the regulatory mechanisms of state institutions in most countries, which creates vulnerabilities in the public sphere of nation-states to influence from other countries and unregulated aspects of online electoral campaigns. The crisis of confidence in traditional media increases the importance of offline and online networks of social interactions as a source of information. Data in Ukraine, Europe and USA show that loss of confidence in public institutions, rise of populism directly related to the decline in confidence in traditional media. The level of trust in vaccination in different regions of the world is also analyzed in the context of the functioning of media institutions and other public institutions. Modern media (both traditional and internet) tend to mix entertaining formats with political information. Converting policy to show, spreading fakes, noticeable dependence of media on certain political and economic groups and media’s partiality, weakening of expert filters undermines confidence in traditional and new media. Although the importance of social media for the democratization of the public sphere exists. Decreasing confidence in media in general converted to the сonfidence in concrete media figures (bloggers, experts etc.). The article also contains generalization of researches of media consumption in Ukraine in first part of 2019.

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