scholarly journals Cognitive heterogeneity in first-episode schizophrenia

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen M. Joyce ◽  
Sam B. Hutton ◽  
Stanley H. Mutsatsa ◽  
Thomas R. E. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Cognitive Heterogeneity ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

BackgroundStudies of chronic schizophrenia suggest that there are subgroups with different profiles of cognitive impairment.AimsTo determine whether such heterogeneity is present at illness onset and any relationship to clinical variables.MethodNinety-three community patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 50 healthy volunteers were assessed for premorbid (Revised National Adult Reading Test) and current IQ, memory and executive function.ResultsHalf of those with schizophrenia had preserved IQ in the normal range but there was evidence of a specific impairment in spatial working memory even in those with high/average IQ; 37 out of 93 (40%) had generalised cognitive decline. Those with low premorbid IQ were significantly younger at illness onset. For the entire group, age at onset correlated positively with premorbid but not current IQ.ConclusionsAt illness onset, cognitive heterogeneity is present in people with schizophrenia, with a high proportion having undergone general cognitive decline. However, working memory impairment may be a common feature. Lower premorbid IQ is a risk factor for an earlier onset.

Grey and white matter abnormalities are associated with impaired spatial working memory ability in first-episode schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 115 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Cocchi ◽  
Mark Walterfang ◽  
Renée Testa ◽  
Stephen J. Wood ◽  
Marc L. Seal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Memory Ability ◽  
White Matter Abnormalities ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

scholarly journals Adverse Effects of Risperidone on Spatial Working Memory in First-Episode Schizophrenia

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Reilly ◽  
Margret S. H. Harris ◽  
Matcheri S. Keshavan ◽  
John A. Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
First Episode ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

The nature of anhedonia and avolition in patients with first-episode schizophrenia

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Y. Lui ◽  
A. C. Y. Liu ◽  
W. W. H. Chui ◽  
Z. Li ◽  
F. Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
The Moment ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
Experienced Emotion ◽  
Experience Emotion

BackgroundPatients with schizophrenia have intact ability to experience emotion, but empirical evidence suggests that they fail to translate emotional salience into effortful behaviour. Previous research in patients with chronic schizophrenia suggests that working memory is important in integrating emotion and behaviour. This study aimed to examine avolition and anhedonia in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and clarify the role of working memory in emotion–behaviour coupling.MethodWe recruited 72 participants with first-episode schizophrenia and 61 healthy controls, and used a validated emotion-inducing behavioural paradigm to measure participants' affective experiences and how experienced emotion coupled with behaviour. Participants were given the opportunity to expend effort to increase or decrease their exposure to emotion-inducing photographs. Participants with schizophrenia having poor working memory were compared with those with intact working memory in their liking and emotion–behaviour coupling.ResultsPatients with first-episode schizophrenia experienced intact ‘in-the-moment’ emotion, but their emotion was less predictive of the effort expended, compared with controls. The emotion–behaviour coupling was significantly weaker in patients with schizophrenia with poor working memory than in those with intact working memory. However, compared with controls, patients with intact working also showed substantial emotion–behaviour decoupling.ConclusionsOur findings provide strong evidence for emotion–behaviour decoupling in first-episode schizophrenia. Although working memory deficits contribute to defective translation of liking into effortful behaviour, schizophrenia alone affects emotion–behaviour coupling.

An fMRI study of face encoding and recognition in first-episode schizophrenia

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anantha P. P. Anilkumar ◽  
Veena Kumari ◽  
Ravi Mehrotra ◽  
Ingrid Aasen ◽  
Martina T. Mitterschiffthaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
On Line ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Background:Schizophrenia has been associated with limited abilities to interact effectively in social situations. Face perception and ability to recognise familiar faces are critical for social interaction. Patients with chronic schizophrenia are known to show impaired face recognition. Studying first-episode (FE) patients allows the exclusion of confounding effects of chronicity, medication and institutionalisation in this deficit.Objective:To determine brain (dys)functions during a face encoding and recognition paradigm in FE schizophrenia.Methods:Thirteen antipsychotic-naïve FE schizophrenia patients and 13 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during a face encoding and recognition paradigm. Behavioural responses were recorded on line.Results:Patients recognised significantly fewer of previously presented faces than the controls (p = 0.008). At the neural level, both groups activated a network of regions including the fusiform area, occipital, temporal and frontal regions. In brain activity, the two groups did not differ in any region during encoding or recognition conditions (p > 0.05, corrected or uncorrected).Conclusions:Our findings show impaired face recognition without a significant alteration of related brain activity in FE schizophrenia patients. It is possible that neural changes become more strongly evident with progression of the illness, and manifest themselves as behavioural impairments during the early course.

scholarly journals Are cannabis use disorders associated with an earlier age at onset of psychosis? A study in first episode schizophrenia

2010 ◽  
Vol 120 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Sevy ◽  
Delbert G. Robinson ◽  
Barbara Napolitano ◽  
Raman C. Patel ◽  
Handan Gunduz-Bruce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age At Onset ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Cannabis Use Disorders ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

scholarly journals Morphology of the corpus callosum at different stages of schizophrenia: Cross-sectional study in first-episode and chronic illness

2008 ◽  
Vol 192 (6) ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Walterfang ◽  
Amanda G. Wood ◽  
David C. Reutens ◽  
Stephen J. Wood ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
Parietal Cortices

BackgroundThe shape of the corpus callosum may differ in schizophrenia, although no study has compared first-episode with established illness.AimsTo investigate the size and shape of the corpus callosum in a large sample of people with first-episode and established schizophrenia.MethodCallosal size and shape were determined using highresolution magnetic resonance imaging on 76 patients with first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, 86 patients with established schizophrenia and 55 healthy participants.ResultsThere were no significant differences in total area across groups. Reductions in callosal width were seen in the region of the anterior genu in first-episode disorder (P<0.005). Similar reductions were seen in the chronic schizophrenia group in the anterior genu, but also in the posterior genu and isthmus (P = 0.0005).ConclusionsReductions in anterior callosal regions connecting frontal cortex are present at the onset of schizophrenia, and in established illness are accompanied by changes in other regions of the callosum connecting cingulate, temporal and parietal cortices.

Small-world networks in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis and first-episode schizophrenia during a working memory task

2013 ◽  
Vol 535 ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungun Jhung ◽  
Sung-Hwan Cho ◽  
Ji-Hyun Jang ◽  
Jin Young Park ◽  
Dongkwan Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Small World ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Small World Networks ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

F187. Pre-Stimulus Alpha Power and Contralateral Delay Activity During Visual Working Memory in First Episode Schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. S285-S286
Author(s):  
Brian Coffman ◽  
Tim Murphy ◽  
Gretchen Haas ◽  
Carl Olson ◽  
Raymond Y. Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Contralateral Delay Activity ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia
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