Long-Term Stability of Diagnosis and Symptom Dimensions in a Systematic Sample of Patients with Onset of Schizophrenia in Childhood and Early Adolescence. II: Positive/Negative Distinction and Childhood Predictors of Adult Outcome

1996 ◽  
Vol 169 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Maziade ◽  
Stéphane Bouchard ◽  
Nathalie Gingras ◽  
Liliane Charron ◽  
Andrée Cardinal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Adult Outcome ◽  
Longitudinal Factor Analysis ◽  
Childhood Predictors

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to verify the presence and stability across life of the positive/negative distinction in early-onset schizophrenia (EO-SZ) through a longitudinal factor analysis of the schizophrenic dimensions, and to identify the factors predicting several indices of long-term outcome for EO-SZ.MethodForty children consecutively referred for DSM–III–R schizophrenia (SZ) in a specific catchment area comprised the sample.ResultsAcross a 14.8-year follow-up, longitudinal factor analysis identified two separate factors corresponding to the positive and negative symptom dimensions. We also observed that: the GAS rated over the last three years of adult illness and the severity of negative symptoms during the stabilised interepisode intervals in adulthood were the indices of adult outcome that were most easily predicted; and the best childhood predictors of adult outcome were premorbid functioning and severity of positive and negative symptoms during acute episodes.ConclusionsThe presence of premorbid non-psychotic behaviour disturbances (NPBD) and premorbid developmental problems was not related to severity of outcome, in contrast to the former variables.

Long-Term Stability of Diagnosis and Symptom Dimensions in a Systematic Sample of Patients with Onset of Schizophrenia in Childhood and Early Adolescence. I: Nosology, Sex and Age of Onset

1996 ◽  
Vol 169 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Maziade ◽  
Nathalie Gingras ◽  
Caroune Rodrigue ◽  
Stéphane Bouchard ◽  
Andrée Cardinal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Long Term Stability

BackgroundLittle is known about the long-term outcome of schizophrenia that has its onset during childhood and early adolescence (early-onset schizophrenia, or EO-SZ). Whether or not EO-SZ is an aetiologically separate form of schizophrenia (SZ) is unresolved.MethodThe study was a 14.8-year follow-up, using methods such as systematic sampling, evaluation of possible non-respondent bias, consensus best-estimate diagnoses (DSM–III–R) made independently in childhood and adulthood, measures of positive and negative dimensions, of non-psychotic behaviour disturbances (NPBD) and of developmental problems before the appearance of SZ.ResultsThere was high stability of EO-SZ (n=40) diagnoses (mean onset at 14.0 years) until adulthood (mean age at follow-up 28.8 years) but a lower stability of positive and negative schizophrenic dimensions. There was a poor outcome of EO-SZ, a strong over-representation of males but few gender differences, and no effect of age of onset on clinical features and outcome.ConclusionsEO-SZ taken as a whole shows no qualitative differences to adult-onset SZ. However, a distinction through the onset of preschizophrenic developmental problems or NPBD might be a way to investigate heterogeneity within EO-SZ.

scholarly journals Duration of untreated psychosis as predictor of long-term outcome in schizophrenia: systematic review and meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 205 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti Penttilä ◽  
Erika Jääskeläinen ◽  
Noora Hirvonen ◽  
Matti Isohanni ◽  
Jouko Miettunen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Duration Of Untreated Psychosis ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Early Intervention In Psychosis

BackgroundDuration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is one of the few potentially modifiable predictors of outcomes of schizophrenia. Long DUP as a predictor of poor short-term outcome has been addressed in previous meta-analyses, but the long-term effects of DUP remain unclear.AimsTo analyse the associations between DUP and long-term outcomes of schizophrenia.MethodA systematic literature search was performed using seven electronic databases and manual searches. Random effects weighted meta-analysis with correlation coefficients was used to pool the results.ResultsWe identified 3493 unique publications, from which 33 samples met our predefined selection criteria. Long DUP correlated statistically significantly with poor general symptomatic outcome, more severe positive and negative symptoms, lesser likelihood of remission and poor social functioning and global outcome (correlations 0.13–0.18). Long DUP was not associated with employment, quality of life or hospital treatment.ConclusionsThe small but mostly consistent correlation between long DUP and poor outcome indicates that early intervention in psychosis may have at least subtle positive effects on the long-term course of illness.

scholarly journals Adult intracranial WHO grade II ependymomas: long-term outcome and prognostic factor analysis in a series of 114 patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 976-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Metellus ◽  
J. Guyotat ◽  
O. Chinot ◽  
A. Durand ◽  
M. Barrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Grade Ii

Which Aspects of Long-Term Outcome Are Predicted by Positive and Negative Symptoms in Early-Onset Psychosis? An Exploratory Eight-Year Follow-Up Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Remberk ◽  
Anna Katarzyna Bażyńska ◽  
Zofia Bronowska ◽  
Paweł Potocki ◽  
Anna Krempa-Kowalewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Early Onset Psychosis ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

scholarly journals A critical analysis of recent data on the long-term outcome of antipsychotic treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 750-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Moncrieff ◽  
Sandra Steingard
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Level Of Functioning ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractNew studies of long-term outcomes claim to show that taking antipsychotics on a continuous and indefinite basis is the best approach for people diagnosed with a first episode of psychosis or schizophrenia. A 10-year follow-up of a trial of quetiapine maintenance, for example, found a higher proportion of people with a poor composite outcome in the group initially randomised to placebo. However, most people classified as showing poor outcome were rated as having a mild score on a single psychotic symptom; there were no differences in overall symptoms, positive or negative symptoms or level of functioning. Moreover, 16% of participants did not have a follow-up interview and data from the end of the original trial were used instead. A study using a Finnish database suggested that mortality and readmission were higher in people who did not start long-term antipsychotic treatment or who discontinued it as compared with long-term continuous users. However, the analysis did not control for important confounders and is likely to reflect the fact that people who do not comply with treatment are at higher risk of death due to underlying health risks and behaviours. The analysis showed a slightly higher risk of readmission among non-users of antipsychotics compared with long-term users and a more substantial increased risk among people who discontinued treatment. However, follow-up ceased at the first readmission and therefore eventual, long-term outcome was not assessed. Speed of reduction and whether it was done with or without clinical support were also not distinguished.

Long-term outcome and prognostic factor analysis for keratolimbal allografts

2011 ◽  
Vol 249 (11) ◽  
pp. 1697-1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eui Seok Han ◽  
Won Ryang Wee ◽  
Jin Hak Lee ◽  
Mee Kum Kim
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome

scholarly journals Long-term outcome after mitral valve repair: a risk factor analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Antoinette Rey Meyer ◽  
Ludwig K. von Segesser ◽  
Michel Hurni ◽  
Frank Stumpe ◽  
Karam Eisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Repair ◽  
Risk Factor Analysis ◽  
Valve Repair ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome

scholarly journals Comparative effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-379 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relapse Prevention ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Residual Symptoms

Chlorpromazine, which was discovered in 1952, has an exhaustively characterized efficacy/safety profile comprising serious limitations: effectiveness in the field failing to match efficacy in trials, residual symptoms in 50% of patients, a 20% relapse rate in compliant patients, and worrisome extrapyramidal side effects, including tardive dyskinesia in 5% per year. Second-generation "atypical" antipsychotics bypass these effects by having less affinity for the dopamine D(2) receptor and affinities for other neuroreceptors. Clozapine, the lead atypical antipsychotic, was followed in the mid 1990s by risperidone, olanzapine, and quetiapine, which now account for over half of new antipsychotic prescriptions in North America, The debate over their relative efficacy involves the potential well-being of millions of schizophrenics and billions of dollars. Atypical antipsychotics are considerably more expensive; evidence for their superiority is highly variable and often inadequate, largely confined to short-term regulatory studies. Their effects on long-term outcome (particularly negative symptoms), relapse prevention, social and vocational functioning, suicide prevention and quality of life, and family and caregiver burden are largely unknown. The National institute of Mental Health's Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) project is a combined efficacy-effectiveness trial that aims to answer these questions in a broad range of patients with schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.

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