Single Photon Emission Computerised Tomography in Chronic Alcoholism

1996 ◽  
Vol 169 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asli Çepik Kuruoglu ◽  
Zehra Arikan ◽  
Gülin Vural ◽  
Metin Karataş ◽  
Mehmet Araç ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Chronic Alcoholism ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Computerised Tomography ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Personality Features

BackgroundWe examined the functional and structural cerebral changes in chronic alcoholics, analysing their association with personality features and alcohol drinking habits.MethodForty patients with alcohol dependency, including 15 with antisocial personality disorder (ASP) as defined in DSM–III–R and 10 age and sex matched healthy controls were studied after termination of withdrawal symptoms, using high resolution single photon emission tomography (SPECT), cranial computerised tomography (CT) and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP).ResultsWe found significant reductions in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurements of alcoholic patients. Low flow in frontal regions encountered in 67.5% of the patients was associated with the duration of alcohol consumption, while no such relation existed with the amount of daily intake. Patients with ASP exhibited more marked frontal hypoperfusion. Significant brain atrophy detected by CT was present in 40% of the patients and did not correlate with frontal hypoperfusion.ConclusionsPatients with ASP are more sensitive to toxic effects of alcohol. Alternatively chronic alcoholism leads to frontal lobe dysfunction recognised as ASP in the clinical setting.

A Pilot Study of Schizophrenia-Like Psychosis in Epilepsy Using Single-Photon Emission Computerised Tomography

1993 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jane Marshall ◽  
G. M. S. Syed ◽  
P. B. C. Fenwick ◽  
W. A. Lishman
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Computerised Tomography ◽  
Matched Group

In a pilot study, SPECT was used to explore differences in rCBF between a group of patients with schizophrenia-like psychoses of epilepsy (SLPE) and a matched group of epileptic controls. Five patients in each group were investigated and those with SLPE showed significant reductions in the index of rCBF in the left medial temporal region. These differences are being investigated further.

The Use and Applications of Single-Photon Emission Computerised Tomography in Dementia

1990 ◽  
Vol 157 (S9) ◽  
pp. 66-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Geaney ◽  
M. T. Abou-Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Computerised Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Future Potential

The introduction of single-photon emission computerised tomography (SPECT) has markedly enhanced the study of brain function. The development of SPECT was the culmination of a series of investigations of cerebral blood flow (CBF) pioneered by Kety and Schmidt in the late 1940s combined with the introduction of transmission computerised tomography (CT) in the early 1960s, in which three-dimensional images are derived from two-dimensional data. Positron-emission tomography (PET), in addition to providing information on cerebral blood flow, also allows the evaluation of brain metabolism and neurotransmitter receptor function. However, the technology required for PET is expensive and sophisticated, with little prospect for general clinical application. Fortunately, SPECT is relatively cheap and is widely available for clinical use. We aim to review the principles and basic techniques of SPECT, its present utility and application to clinical practice, and its future potential in the investigation of brain function.

In vivo stability of protein coatings on poly lactic co glycolic nanoparticles

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (56) ◽  
pp. 3767-3773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Llop ◽  
Marco Marradi ◽  
Pengfei Jiang ◽  
Vanessa Gómez-Vallejo ◽  
Zuriñe Baz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrophilic Substitution ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Energy Spectra ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Computerised Tomography ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACTSubmicron-sized poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (PLGA-NPs) stabilised with bovine serum albumin (BSA) are dual radiolabelled using gamma emitters with different energy spectra incorporated into the core and coating. PLGA core is labelled by encapsulation of 111In-doped iron oxide NPs inside PLGA-NPs during NP preparation, while the BSA coating is labelled by electrophilic substitution using 125I. After intravenous administration into rats, energy-discriminant single-photon emission computerised tomography (SPECT) resolved each radioisotope independently. Imaging revealed different fates for the core and coating, with a fraction of the two radionuclides co-localising in the liver and lungs for long periods of time after administration, suggesting that NPs are stable in these organs. The general methodology reported here represents an excellent alternative for visualising the degradation process of multi-labelled NPs in vivo and can be extended to a wide range of engineered NPs.

Performance on Neuropsychological Tests Related to Single Photon Emission Computerised Tomography Findings in Frontotemporal Dementia

1996 ◽  
Vol 169 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina I. Elfgren ◽  
Erik Ryding ◽  
Ulla Passant
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Computerised Tomography ◽  
Close Coupling ◽  
Duration Of Disease

BackgroundThis study examines relations between regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and neuropsychological test results, age at onset and duration of disease in patients with frontotemporal-type dementia (FTD).MethodSixteen patients with a diagnosis of probable FTD were examined using single photon emission computerised tomography (SPECT) with 99mTc-HMPAO as the tracer. The rCBF of 14 regions of interest relative to cerebellar blood flow was calculated. Psychological tests assessing language, verbal fluency, memory and visuospatial constructive ability were given.ResultsCorrelations were demonstrated between a global impairment score and relative blood flow in lateral frontal, medial frontal and left orbital frontal areas. Verbal fluency scores correlated with left lateral frontal medial frontal and left anterior inferior temporal blood flow. No relationships between decrease in CBF and age at onset or duration of disease, or between impaired cognitive function and age at onset or duration of disease, were found.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates a close coupling between reduced rCBF and specific neuropsychological deficits in FTD.

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