The Effectiveness of Cognitive Therapy in the Treatment of Non-Psychotic Morbid Jealousy

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mairead Dolan ◽  
Nagy Bishay
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Practical Usefulness ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Treatment Package ◽  
The Stability

BackgroundAlthough a cognitive–behavioural formulation of morbid jealousy has been described there is little empirical research into the practical usefulness of this model. This study evaluated the effectiveness of treating non-psychotic morbid jealousy using a cognitive approach.MethodCognitive–behavioural and emotional measures of jealousy were calibrated by comparison with 40 non-jealous normal controls. These instruments were used as measures of change to assess the effectiveness of cognitive therapy in altering cognitive errors in 30 morbidly jealous out-patient referrals, divided into delayed and immediate treatment subgroups to assess the stability of the condition. Both groups completed all measures immediately before and after treatment, and at follow-up.ResultsThe instruments demonstrated significant differences between jealous and non-jealous subjects on cognitive–behavioural and emotional aspects of jealousy. The delayed treatment group showed no significant alteration in scores on any of the instruments after 12 weeks on the waiting list, confirming the stability of the condition. In the majority of cases cognitive therapy aimed at the modification of dysfunctional cognitive processes resulted in a significant improvement on all jealousy measures, immediately after treatment and at follow-up. The improvement reported by patients was supported by the partner's ratings.ConclusionThe results support the postulation of the cognitive model that modification of cognitive schema by a schema-focused treatment package results in a significant reduction in disturbance in all aspects of the jealousy syndrome.

BRIEF PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT FOR THE RELIEF OF PANIC DISORDER

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Elsesser ◽  
Angelika Mosch ◽  
Gudrun Sartory
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Clinical Change ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Before And After

This study compared complaints management training and cognitive therapy (reattribution) in treating panic disorder. Both treatment groups received three sessions with initial psychoeducation. Thirty patients with panic disorder took part in the study. Assessments were carried out before and after treatment and again at a 4-week follow-up. Both groups showed similarly significant improvements and maintenance of the clinical change over the follow-up period. It is concluded that the initial psychoeducation, which conveyed to patients the cognitive-behavioural model of panic disorder, contributed to the treatment outcome.

scholarly journals The Omnipotence of Voices

1994 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Chadwick ◽  
Max Birchwood
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Auditory Hallucinations ◽  
Adaptive Behaviour ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Voice Activity

We offer provisional support for a new cognitive approach to understanding and treating drug-resistant auditory hallucinations in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Study 1 emphasises the relevance of the cognitive model by detailing the behavioural, cognitive and affective responses to persistent voices in 26 patients, demonstrating that highly disparate relationships with voices - fear, reassurance, engagement and resistance - reflect vital differences in beliefs about the voices. All patients viewed their voices as omnipotent and omniscient. However, beliefs about the voice's identity and meaning led to voices being construed as either ‘benevolent’ or ‘malevolent’. Patients provided cogent reasons (evidence) for these beliefs which were not always linked to voice content; indeed in 31 % of cases beliefs were incongruous with content, as would be anticipated by a cognitive model. Without fail, voices believed to be malevolent provoked fear and were resisted and those perceived as benevolent were courted. However, in the case of imperative voices, the primary influence on whether commands were obeyed was the severity of the command. Study 2 illustrates how these core beliefs about voices may become a new target for treatment. We describe the application of an adapted version of cognitive therapy (CT) to the treatment of four patients' drug-resistant voices. Where patients were on medication, this was held constant while beliefs about the voices' omnipotence, identity, and purpose were systematically disputed and tested. Large and stable reductions in conviction in these beliefs were reported, and these were associated with reduced distress, increased adaptive behaviour, and, unexpectedly, a fall in voice activity. These changes were corroborated by the responsible psychiatrists. Collectively, the cases attest to the promise of CT as a treatment for auditory hallucinations.

Short and Long-Term Effectiveness of Group Anxiety Management Training

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ormrod
Keyword(s):  
Management Training ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Anxiety Management Training ◽  
Treatment Package

This study explored both the short-term and long-term effectiveness of group anxiety management training. The treatment package employed ran along cognitive-behavioural principles. Consistent with previous evaluations the groups had a significant effect on levels of anxiety and depression as measured by self-report instruments. Participants rated “meeting people with similar problems” and “learning about anxiety” as the two most important therapeutic ingredients. At a follow-up period of greater than two years therapeutic gains, at least in part, seemed to have been maintained.

Parent-Assisted Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy for Children's Nighttime Fear

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra E. Stewart ◽  
Jocelynne E. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Behavioural Treatment ◽  
General Behaviour ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Treatment Package

Nighttime fear, including fear of monsters and the dark, is common. For most children and adolescents, nighttime fears are transient. However, approximately 10% experience severe nighttime fear that negatively impacts sleep, adjustment, and family life. Research conducted in the 1980s indicates that cognitive-behavioural therapy can reduce nighttime fear in as few as three sessions. The aims of the present study were to replicate and extend earlier research by evaluating a cognitive-behavioural treatment package for children's severe nighttime fear, and address methodological issues in previous studies. A manualised, multi-component treatment package was developed, based on current evidence-based practice for the treatment of children's anxiety. Interventions included graded exposure, muscle relaxation, cognitive restructuring, and social and material reinforcement. Treatment was individually tailored and delivered via weekly modules. A multiple baseline across-subjects design was utilised. Four ‘families’ — one parent and one child — participated; children's ages ranged from 6 to 10 years. Families attended five weekly intervention sessions and a 1-month follow-up. Multiple outcome measures were administered pre- and post-treatment. All children displayed changes consistent with reduced nighttime fear following treatment, including fewer phobic symptoms, reduced general fear, and improved nighttime and general behaviour. These changes were maintained at follow-up. Parents reported a high degree of satisfaction with the program and would recommend it to other families. The results support the effectiveness of manualised, parent-assisted treatment for nighttime fear in as few as three sessions. In cases of severe nighttime fear, therapist support is recommended. Treatment implications for children with complex presentations are discussed.

scholarly journals The Use of Invisalign® System in the Management of the Orthodontic Treatment before and after Class III Surgical Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Pagani ◽  
Fabrizio Signorino ◽  
Pier Paolo Poli ◽  
Pietro Manzini ◽  
Irene Panisi
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Lateral Deviation ◽  
Functional Balance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
The Stability

The approach to skeletal dysmorphisms in the maxillofacial area usually requires an orthodontic treatment by means of fixed appliances, both before and after the surgical phase. Since its introduction, Invisalign system has become a popular treatment choice for the clinicians because of the aesthetics and comfort of the removable clear aligners compared with the traditional appliances. Therefore, the aim of the present report was to illustrate the management of a malocclusion by means of Invisalign system associated with the traditional surgical technique. The present paper shows a case of a 23-year-old male patient characterized by a Class III malocclusion with lateral deviation of the mandible to the left side and cross-bite on teeth 2.2, 2.3, and 2.4. Invisalign system was used during the pre- and postsurgical phases rather than fixed appliances. The posttreatment cephalometric analysis emphasized the stability of the dental and skeletal symmetry corrections, occlusion and functional balance, over a 6-year follow-up. The results achieved at the end of the treatment showed how Invisalign can be effective in the management of the orthodontic phases in orthognathic surgery. The follow-up after 6 years emphasizes the stability of the treatment over time.

scholarly journals The safety and feasibility of the screening for retinopathy of prematurity assisted by telemedicine network during COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Guo ◽  
Nan Ma ◽  
Yixuan Wu ◽  
Hua Yuan ◽  
Wanjun Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Median Birth Weight ◽  
Rop Screening

Abstract Background During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, due to the traffic blockade and the shortage of medical resources, more and more premature infants could not receive timely and effective ROP screening, which delayed treatment and even caused children blindness. Therefore, how to carry out ROP screening safely and effectively during the epidemic was very important and urgent. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of ROP screening assisted by telemedicine network during COVID-19 outbreak. Methods This retrospective study was conducted at Wuhan Children’s hospital in Wuhan, China, from January to October, 2020. The measures which were performed to make the ROP screening more safe and effective were summarized and the comparison between ROP screening assisted by telemedicine network in 2020 and usual screening in 2019 were analyzed. Results A total of 267 outpatient infants completed ROP screening. The median gestational age was 32 weeks (30w to 34w) and the median birth weight was 1780 g (1460 g to 2100 g). Meanwhile, 149 (55.8%) out of 267 infants were males. During January to May in 2020, 86 screening appointments were received, among which 67 (77.9%) were from telemedicine platform online. The completing percentage of total online ROP appointments was higher than that of total face-to-face appointments (58.1% VS 22. 1%, P = 0.018). As for the number of infants screened between 2020 and 2019 from Februaryto October, 54 infants completed ROP screening in 2020, which was higher than that (51participants) in 2019 on September. Furthermore, compared with the usual screening in 2019, ROP screening assisted by telemedicine network in 2020 had smaller gestational age (32w VS 33w, p<0.001) and lower birth weight (1780 g VS 1900 g, p = 0.001). However, of the 267 infants screened, 18(6.7%) had ROP while the percentage of ROP screened in 2019 was the same (44[6.7%]). During follow-up, none of medical staffs was infected and no adverse reaction was reported. Conclusions The screening for retinopathy of prematurity assisted by telemedicine network was safe and feasible during the COVID-19 pandemic. Preventive measures before and after screening were very necessary, which could effectively avoid cross infection.

scholarly journals MO801SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF DENOSUMAB IN HEMODYALISED PATIENTS UP TO 48 MONTHS TREATMENT FOLLOW-UP

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Chiara Ierace ◽  
Alessandra Moioli ◽  
Francescaromana Festuccia ◽  
Claudia Fofi ◽  
Simona Barberi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Blood Calcium ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
Reduction Of Pain ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Radiological Methods

Abstract Background and Aims Osteoporosis in hemodialysed (HD) patients with Chronic Kidney Disease - Mineral Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) is a debilitating clinical condition with complex therapeutic management. In fact, most of the drugs commonly used to counteract osteoporosis are generally contraindicated when Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is lower than 30 ml/min. Denosumab (DMab) is a monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of osteoporosis and does not require dose adjustment in case of impaired renal function. For this reason, since 2014 this drug has been used by nephrologists for the treatment of osteoporotic patients also in hemodialysis. Although the interest and diffusion in this specialized clinical field are growing, only few data are still available in literature. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of denosumab in long-term therapies in hemodialysed patients. Method Since November 2013, a total of 19 hemodialysed patients have been treated with denosumab annually (4) or semi-annually (15) for up to 48 consecutive months. During the course of therapy, the laboratory parameters of osteo-mineral metabolism were monitored, and Qualitative UltraSonography (QUS) or Computerized Bone Mineralometry (CBM) were used alternatively, every 30 months and every 2 years, respectively (depending on guidelines recommendation for both radiological methods and timing). Results 7/19 patients completed at least 30 months of follow-up, observing a substantial stability of blood calcium and phosphorus values, against a reduction in the mean values of B-CrossLaps and ostase (respectively from 2975.32 to 1852.25 pg/ml and from 28.13 to 11.93 mcg/L). Comparison of QUS exams demonstrated improved T-score (-4.71 to -4.17) and reduced fracture risk (13% to 8%). The results of the CBMs confirmed the stability of the bone disease at the spine and the improvement of the Tscore at the femoral level (from -3.5 to -3). It should be noted that in our samples two patients achieved the longest observation period (48-month follow-up in continuous therapy), in which the stability of bone damage was observed at CBM compared to the start of treatment. Only one fracture has been recorded. Conclusion We underline that close biochemistry monitoring and careful evaluation of the therapeutic procedures before and after DMab administration helped us to minimise and promptly correct adverse effects due to hypocalcemia. In addition we are particularly satisfied to report in most patients a significant reduction of pain and an improvement of mobility. The results collected are consistent with acceptable safety and demonstrated efficacy of denosumab in hemodialysis patients.

scholarly journals Changes in Free Symptom Attributions in Hypochondriasis after Cognitive Therapy and Exposure Therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Schwind ◽  
Julia M. B. Neng ◽  
Florian Weck
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Exposure Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Waiting Period ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bodily Sensations

Background: Cognitive-behavioural therapy can change dysfunctional symptom attributions in patients with hypochondriasis. Past research has used forced-choice answer formats, such as questionnaires, to assess these misattributions; however, with this approach, idiosyncratic attributions cannot be assessed. Free associations are an important complement to existing approaches that assess symptom attributions. Aims: With this study, we contribute to the current literature by using an open-response instrument to investigate changes in freely associated attributions after exposure therapy (ET) and cognitive therapy (CT) compared with a wait list (WL). Method: The current study is a re-examination of a formerly published randomized controlled trial (Weck, Neng, Richtberg, Jakob and Stangier, 2015) that investigated the effectiveness of CT and ET. Seventy-three patients with hypochondriasis were randomly assigned to CT, ET or a WL, and completed a 12-week treatment (or waiting period). Before and after the treatment or waiting period, patients completed an Attribution task in which they had to spontaneously attribute nine common bodily sensations to possible causes in an open-response format. Results: Compared with the WL, both CT and ET reduced the frequency of somatic attributions regarding severe diseases (CT: Hedges's g = 1.12; ET: Hedges's g = 1.03) and increased the frequency of normalizing attributions (CT: Hedges's g = 1.17; ET: Hedges's g = 1.24). Only CT changed the attributions regarding moderate diseases (Hedges's g = 0.69). Changes in somatic attributions regarding mild diseases and psychological attributions were not observed. Conclusions: Both CT and ET are effective for treating freely associated misattributions in patients with hypochondriasis. This study supplements research that used a forced-choice assessment.

A Combined Cognitive-Behavioural Treatment Package for a Hospitalization Phobic Patient

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan D. Adams ◽  
Peter Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Exposure Therapy ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Ward ◽  
Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Senior Nurse ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Treatment Package

A senior nurse with a 10-year history of hospitalization phobia was treated with a combined cognitive therapy, imaginal and in vivo exposure therapy package. All previous medical admissions for the subject had resulted in her being transferred to a psychiatric ward and being treated with neuroleptics. The cognitive therapy provided an explanation for the phobia and a rationale for the treatment, which secured compliance to the exposure therapy. Pre- and post-treatment fear ratings showed a large reduction. Follow-up data showed the subject to be free of all psychiatric symptoms in two subsequent medical admissions. It is suggested that an initial few sessions of cognitive therapy with intransigent phobics may be a pre-requisite for an exposure programme.

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