Plasma Melatonin Levels in Anorexia Nervosa

1992 ◽  
Vol 161 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Arendt ◽  
S. Bhanji ◽  
Christine Franey ◽  
D. Mattingly
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Nocturnal Hypoglycaemia ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Healthy Women

Plasma melatonin levels were measured at three-hourly intervals over 24 hours in 11 women with untreated anorexia nervosa, and in nine healthy women of normal weight. The circadian rhythm was unaltered but the nocturnal secretion of melatonin was significantly greater in anorectics. It is possible that this was related to nocturnal hypoglycaemia.

Enhanced circadian rhythm of melatonin in anorexia nervosa

1989 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 574-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Tortosa ◽  
Manuel Puig-Domingo ◽  
Miguel-Angel Peinado ◽  
Josep Oriola ◽  
Susan M. Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Melatonin Secretion ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Pineal Function ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. Plasma melatonin circadian profiles were investigated in a group of 4 patients with anorexia nervosa and 4 healthy regularly cycling women. There were no differences in the mean age of both groups, whereas the anorexia nervosa patients had lower mean body weight (37.8 ± 2.0 vs 57.0 ± 4.9 kg) and body mass index (13.9 ± 1.1 vs 20.8 ± 2.0). Samples were collected every 2 h and plasma melatonin was measured by using a RIA with an iodinated tracer. Anorexia nervosa patients exhibited higher diurnal (60.7 ± 1.8 vs 25.4 ± 1.72 pmol/l, P< 0.02) and nocturnal (419.2 ± 37.4 vs 108.0 ± 33.6 pmol/l), P< 0.001) mean plasma melatonin concentrations. There were no differences in the time peak for nocturnal melatonin secretion in both groups, detected at 02.00 h. In anorexia nervosa, the melatonin circadian profile paralleled that observed in the control group, indicating that the increased melatonin values for anorexia nervosa were probably due to an enhanced secretory pineal function rather than an impaired melatonin metabolism. These results suggest a participation of the pineal gland in the pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa.

scholarly journals Salivary cortisol measurement in normal-weight, obese and anorexic women: comparison with plasma cortisol

2001 ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Putignano ◽  
A Dubini ◽  
P Toja ◽  
C Invitti ◽  
S Bonfanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Free Cortisol ◽  
Drug Free

OBJECTIVE: To compare salivary, plasma and urinary free cortisol (UFC) measurements in patients with anorexia nervosa, in whom an overdrive of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is well established but information on salivary cortisol is lacking, in viscerally obese patients in whom subtle abnormalities of cortisol secretion and metabolism are postulated, and in normal-weight healthy women. PARTICIPANTS AND EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Measurement of salivary cortisol offers a convenient way to assess the concentrations of free, biologically active cortisol in plasma in different physiopathological settings. Forty-seven drug-free, newly diagnosed women with active restrictive anorexia nervosa, 30 restrictive anorexic women undergoing chronic psychopharmacological treatment, 47 women with mild-to-moderate visceral obesity, 103 women with severe central obesity and 63 normal-weight healthy women entered the study. Salivary and blood samples were collected at 0800 h, 1700 h and 2400 h, together with three consecutive 24-h urine specimens for UFC determination. In controls and patients with anorexia nervosa (n=83), salivary and plasma cortisol were also measured after a 1-mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test (DST). In patients with anorexia nervosa, mood was rated by the Hamilton scale for anxiety and depression. RESULTS: Untreated patients with anorexia nervosa showed increased plasma and salivary cortisol and UFC concentrations (all P<0.001 compared with controls), and decreased cortisol suppression after DST in plasma and saliva (P<0.0001 and P<0.005 respectively compared with controls). These alterations were less pronounced, although still statistically significant, in treated patients with anorexia nervosa. Salivary cortisol was highly correlated with paired plasma cortisol in the whole population and after splitting the participants by group (P<0.0001). However, for plasma cortisol values greater than 500 nmol/l (the corticosteroid-binding globulin saturation point), this parallelism was lost. Taking plasma cortisol as a reference, the level of agreement for post-dexamethasone salivary and plasma cortisol was 58.9% among suppressors and 77.8% among non-suppressors (chi2 test: P<0.01). Decreased 0800 h/2400 h cortisol ratios were observed in plasma and saliva in drug-free patients with anorexia nervosa (P<0.005 and P<0.05 respectively compared with controls), and in saliva in severely obese patients (P<0.05 compared with controls). Depression and anxiety scores were unrelated to cortisol concentrations in any compartment. CONCLUSIONS: Salivary cortisol measurement is a valuable and convenient alternative to plasma cortisol measurement. It enables demonstration of the overdrive of the HPA axis in anorexia nervosa and subtle perturbations of the cortisol diurnal rhythm in women with visceral obesity. With the establishment of more specific and widely acceptable cut-off values for dynamic testing, measurement of salivary cortisol could largely replace plasma cortisol measurement.

The Effect of Moderate Weight Loss on Overnight Melatonin Secretion

1990 ◽  
Vol 156 (6) ◽  
pp. 875-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Anderson ◽  
S. E. Gartside ◽  
P. J. Cowen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Melatonin Level ◽  
Melatonin Secretion ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Before And After

Overnight plasma melatonin level was measured in ten healthy women before and after a 4300 kJ (1000 kcaI) diet in which they lost an average 3.1 kg. This weight loss did not significantly alter melatonin levels.

scholarly journals Overcoming limitations of self-report: an assessment of fear of weight gain in anorexia nervosa and healthy controls using implicit association tests

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiana Borgers ◽  
Nathalie Krüger ◽  
Silja Vocks ◽  
Jennifer J. Thomas ◽  
Franziska Plessow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Association Tests ◽  
Implicit Assessment ◽  
Fear Of Weight Gain

Abstract Background Fear of weight gain is a characteristic feature of anorexia nervosa (AN), and reducing this fear is often a main target of treatment. However, research shows that 20% of individuals with AN do not report fear of weight gain. Studies are needed that evaluate the centrality of fear of weight gain for AN with a method less susceptible to deception than self-report. Methods We approximated implicit fear of weight gain by measuring implicit drive for thinness using implicit association tests (IATs). We asked 64 participants (35 AN, 29 healthy controls [HCs]) to categorize statements as pro-dieting vs. non-dieting and true vs. false in a questionnaire-based IAT, and pictures of underweight vs. normal-weight models and positive vs. negative words in a picture-based IAT using two response keys. We tested for associations between implicit drive for thinness and explicitly reported psychopathology within AN as well as group differences between AN and HC groups. Results Correlation analyses within the AN group showed that higher implicit drive for thinness was associated with more pronounced eating disorder-specific psychopathology. Furthermore, the AN group showed a stronger implicit drive for thinness than HCs in both IATs. Conclusion The results highlight the relevance of considering fear of weight gain as a continuous construct. Our implicit assessment captures various degrees of fear of weight gain in AN, which might allow for more individually tailored interventions in the future.

Effects of 1800-MHz Radiofrequency Fields on Circadian Rhythm of Plasma Melatonin and Testosterone in Male Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (18) ◽  
pp. 1120-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenju Qin ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Honglong Cao ◽  
Cao Yi ◽  
Jian Xiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Plasma Melatonin

Setting the scene for eating disorders: childhood care, classification and course of illness

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Schmidt ◽  
Jane Tiller ◽  
Janet Treasure
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Parental Control ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Childhood Care

SynopsisThe aim of this study was to determine whether the childhood experiences of patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa differ and affect the course of the illness. A semistructured interview developed by Harris et al. (1986) was used to assess the childhood family environment of 64 patients with restricting anorexia nervosa (RAN), 23 patients with bulimic anorexia nervosa (BAN), 37 bulimic patients with a history of anorexia nervosa (BN/HistAN) and 79 patients with normal weight bulimia nervosa (BN).There were no significant differences between groups in terms of parental mental disorder, low parental control or childhood sexual abuse. BN patients had had significantly more family arrangements and had experienced more parental indifference, excessive parental control, physical abuse, and violence against other family members than RAN patients with the BAN and BN/HistAN group being intermediate. There was a trend for BN-patients to have had more intra-familial discord than the other groups. Different aspects of adversity tended to cluster in the same patients and 65% of the bulimic group had experienced two or more types of childhood adversity. These results suggest that childhood experiences contribute to the form of eating disorder which later develops.

scholarly journals Suboptimal bone microarchitecure in adolescent girls with obesity compared to normal-weight controls and girls with anorexia nervosa

Bone ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibha Singhal ◽  
Smriti Sanchita ◽  
Sonali Malhotra ◽  
Amita Bose ◽  
Landy Paola Torre Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Normal Weight

scholarly journals The influence of homeostatic mechanisms on neural regulation of food craving in anorexia nervosa

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Marion A. Stopyra ◽  
Hans-Christoph Friederich ◽  
Esther Mönning ◽  
Nora Lavandier ◽  
Martin Bendszus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Food Craving ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Neural Regulation ◽  
Viewing Condition ◽  
Cephalic Phase ◽  
Specific Reactions

Abstract Background Restrictive food intake in anorexia nervosa (AN) has been related to an overactive cognitive control network inhibiting intuitive motivational responses to food stimuli. However, the influence of short-term homeostatic signaling on the neural regulation of cue-induced food craving in AN is still unclear. Methods Twenty-five women with AN and 25 matched normal-weight women were examined on two occasions after receiving either glucose or water directly into their stomach using a nasogastric tube. Participants were blinded to the type of infusion. An event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm was used to investigate the effect of intestinal glucose load on neural processing during either simple viewing or distraction from food stimuli. Results Neural differences between patients with AN and normal-weight participants were found during the distraction from food stimuli, but not during the viewing condition. When compared to controls, patients with AN displayed increased activation during food distraction in the left parietal lobule/precuneus and fusiform gyrus after water infusion and decreased activation in ventromedial prefrontal and cingulate regions after intestinal glucose load. Conclusions Independent of the cephalic phase and the awareness of caloric intake, homeostatic influences trigger disorder-specific reactions in AN. Food distraction in patients with AN is associated with either excessive higher-order cognitive control during physiological hunger or decreased internally directed attention after intestinal glucose load. These findings suggest that food distraction plays an important role in the psychopathology of AN. This study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov with identifier: NCT03075371.

scholarly journals Blood SIRT1 Shows a Coherent Association with Leptin and Adiponectin in Relation to the Degree and Distribution of Adiposity: A Study in Obesity, Normal Weight and Anorexia Nervosa

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3506
Author(s):  
Stefania Mariani ◽  
Maria Rosaria Di Giorgio ◽  
Erica Rossi ◽  
Rossella Tozzi ◽  
Savina Contini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Cell Energy ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Predictive Strength ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a sensor of cell energy availability, and with leptin and adiponectin, it regulates metabolic homeostasis. Widely studied in tissues, SIRT1 is under evaluation as a plasmatic marker. We aimed at assessing whether circulating SIRT1 behaves consistently with leptin and adiponectin in conditions of deficiency, excess or normal fat content. Eighty subjects were evaluated: 27 with anorexia nervosa (AN), 26 normal-weight and 27 with obesity. Bloodstream SIRT1, leptin and adiponectin (ELISA), total and trunk fat mass (FM) %, abdominal visceral adipose tissue, liver steatosis and epicardial fat thickness (EFT) were assessed. For each fat store, the coefficient of determination (R2) was used to evaluate the prediction capability of SIRT1, leptin and adiponectin. Plasma SIRT1 and adiponectin coherently decreased with the increase of FM, while the opposite occurred with leptin. Mean levels of each analyte were different between groups (p < 0.005). A significant association between plasma variables and FM depots was observed. SIRT1 showed a good predictive strength for FM, particularly in the obesity group, where the best R2 was recorded for EFT (R2 = 0.7). Blood SIRT1, adiponectin and leptin behave coherently with FM and there is synchrony between them. The association of SIRT1 with FM is substantially superimposable to that of adiponectin and leptin. Given its homeostatic roles, SIRT1 may deserve to be considered as a plasma clinical/biochemical parameter of adiposity and metabolic health.

Serum interleukin 15 in anorexia nervosa: Comparison to normal weight and obese girls

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Roczniak ◽  
Agata Mikołajczak-Będkowska ◽  
Elżbieta Świętochowska ◽  
Zofia Ostrowska ◽  
Katarzyna Ziora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Interleukin 15
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