Tricyclic Wash-out and Growth Hormone Response to Clonidine

1989 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. 858-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schittecatte ◽  
G. Charles ◽  
R. Machowski ◽  
J. Wilmotte
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hormone Response ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Normal Response ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Depressive Patients

We have observed a significantly higher growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine administration (150 μg i.v.) in 14 patients with a major depressive disorder who had never received antidepressant therapy than in 14 matched depressive patients who had not received tricyclic drugs for at least 15 days. Compared with a control group of eight subjects, untreated depressed patients, as a group, had a normal response, while matched patients had markedly blunted response. Results for the group of untreated depressed patients showed that some patients had a blunted response while others had a response in the normal range. The results suggest that studies on the GH response to clonidine in psychiatric patients need to take into account the confounding and long-lasting effects of tricyclics.

Neurocognitive profiles in elderly patients with frontotemporal degeneration or major depressive disorder

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 753-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIRGINIA ELDERKIN-THOMPSON ◽  
KYLE B. BOONE ◽  
SUN HWANG ◽  
ANAND KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Community Volunteers ◽  
Neurocognitive Profiles

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are both disorders in elderly populations that involve the prefrontal cortex and appear to have similar neurocognitive deficits. This review examined whether there are testable deficits in cognition that are consistent across individuals within the same neuropathological condition that could be used to facilitate early diagnoses. Medline and PsychInfo databases were searched for cognitive studies of depressed and FTD patients that used a matched control group and reported findings with means and standard deviations (N= 312). Effect sizes for FTD patients with mild and moderately advanced disease were compared to effect sizes within subgroups of depressed patients, such as inpatients, outpatients and community volunteers. Moderately advanced FTD patients were more impaired than depressed patients over all domains, particularly in language ability, although depressed inpatients appeared similar to FTD patients in some domains. Effect sizes for FTD patients who were in the mild, or early, stage of the disease (MMSE= 28) were similar to those of depressed outpatients but slightly worse than those of community volunteers in all domains except semantic memory and executive ability. In the latter two domains, even mild FTD patients had notably large deficits. All FTD patients showed more severe deficits in some domains relative to other domains. In contrast, depressed patients tended to vary by clinical presentation or disease severity, but the magnitude of impairment for each subgroup remained relatively consistent across domains and they did not have the severe focal deficits in one or two domains demonstrated by FTD patients. (JINS, 2004,10, 753–771.)

Disturbed Endocrine Function in the Psychoses

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Whalley ◽  
J. E. Christie ◽  
D. H. R. Blackwood ◽  
J. Bennie ◽  
H. Dick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Manic Disorder ◽  
Drug Free ◽  
Discriminant Function Analyses

Discriminant function analyses were performed on plasma concentrations of prolactin, growth hormone, Cortisol, TSH, and the neurophysins measured over 17 hours in 70 newly admitted drug-free psychiatric patients and 35 control subjects. The hormone data distinguished between patients with different classes of drug-free psychosis (26 schizophrenic, 12 with manic disorder, 10 with major depressive disorder, psychotic subtype, 9 with schizoaffective mania (SAM)). Higher plasma Cortisol and lower TSH concentrations separated eight of nine SAM patients from all others.

Growth hormone response to the GABAB agonist baclofen in major depressive disorder

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori L. Davis ◽  
Madhukar Trivedi ◽  
Amy Choate ◽  
Gerald L. Kramer ◽  
Frederick Petty
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Growth Hormone Response ◽  
Hormone Response ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Gabab Agonist

Clinical Characteristics of Emotional-Cognitive Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
Thomas Beblo ◽  
Lorenz B. Dehn
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunctions ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Cardinal Symptoms ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
Depressive Patients

The experiences of sustained negative affect and diminished positive emotions are cardinal symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD). They come with several emotional-cognitive dysfunctions, which contribute to the onset, maintenance, and recurrence of depression. Depressed patients show reduced approach motivation and increased avoidance motivation. Furthermore, there is evidence for a mood-congruent negative processing bias in MDD. Consequently, depressed patients preferentially attend to mood-congruent stimuli, recall more unpleasant than pleasant memories, and tend to interpret (ambiguous) information in a negative manner. Patients might also exhibit an elevated sensitivity to negative feedback. Depressive patients also show an altered thinking style referred to as rumination. Rumination implies repetitive thinking about the causes, consequences, and symptoms of one’s negative feelings. These emotional-cognitive dysfunctions characterize the contents and the way of thinking in MDD. In addition, as emotional-cognitive dysfunctions are closely related to information processing, they also impair cognitive performance of patients with MDD.

Feasibility of an Exercise Program for Older Depressive Inpatients

GeroPsych ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Heissel ◽  
Anou Vesterling ◽  
Stephanie A. White ◽  
Gunnar Kallies ◽  
Diana Behr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Neurocognitive Functioning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Control Group ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Older Inpatients ◽  
Relaxation Exercises

Abstract. Twelve older inpatients (M age = 66.8) with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) participated in this controlled pilot trial either in a physical exercise group (PEG; n = 6; aerobic, strength, and coordination exercises) or an active control group (ACG; n = 6; relaxation exercises) twice a week for four weeks. While depressive symptoms decreased in both groups, reduction of symptoms was significantly larger in the PEG. However, the PEG had higher BDI scores compared to the ACG at pretest. Neurocognitive functioning and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration did not change significantly. A four-week exercise program may be a feasible adjunct therapy in older MDD patients but the efficacy of the program needs to be proven with larger samples.

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