Epilepsy and Arson

1989 ◽  
Vol 154 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K. Carpenter ◽  
Alan L. King
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Direct Result

A man temporarily developed an organic personality change, psychosis and epilepsy after a frontal lobe operation for a subarachnoid haemorrhage. While affected, he set fire to his house. The arson is thought to have been a direct result of a seizure. The case and its legal management are discussed.

Executive dysfunction is related with decreased frontal lobe blood flow in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage

Brain Injury ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Uchikawa ◽  
Makoto Inaba ◽  
Hiroshi Kagami ◽  
Shinya Ichimura ◽  
Toshiyuki Fujiwara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Executive Dysfunction

Suicidal Head Injuries

1943 ◽  
Vol 89 (374) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Guttmann
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Personality Changes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Frontal Lesions

Damage to the frontal lobe is liable to produce personality changes; it is highly probable that lesions have to be bilateral to have this effect. But beyond that, there is little agreement about type, extent and localization within the frontal lobe of the lesions which are followed by personality change. Little is known about the different types of clinical picture caused by bilateral frontal lesions. In a certain proportion of the cases euphoria is the most impressive symptom, and it is for this reason that operations on the frontal lobes have been proposed in the treatment of depressions. (Lit., see Hutton.) The value of the procedure is still under discussion, and its theoretical foundation is far from being understood. This is not surprising, for if one tries to analyse such an operation, one has to take into account at least four variables: the patient's previous personality, his mental illness, the psycho-physiological effect of the lesion, and the psychological effect of operation, nursing care and environmental changes. The cerebral factor is obviously the most interesting one; to judge its importance one tends to interpret the operative results in the light of experience after other frontal operations or injuries.

Phineas among the phrenologists: the American crowbar case and nineteenth-century theories of cerebral localization

1995 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 672-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred G. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Left Frontal Lobe ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function ◽  
Cerebral Localization ◽  
Fine Print

✓ In 1848, Mr. Phineas Gage suffered destruction of his left frontal lobe in a unique fashion: passage of a metal rod through his head after a freak explosion. His change in character after the accident is the index case for personality change due to frontal lobe damage. Yet, from 1848 to 1868, it was widely believed among American physicians that he was mentally intact. The case was used as evidence against phrenology, a crude precursor of modern cerebral localization theories. The two original reports of the case by Drs. John Harlow (Gage's physician) and Henry J. Bigelow show subtle differences in attitude toward Gage's posttraumatic character change. In his 1848 report, Harlow promised a further communication that would address Gage's “mental manifestations.” Bigelow's article portrayed Gage as fully recovered. Although delayed by 20 years, Harlow's second report rapidly changed the perception of the case in the medical community, as reflected by contemporary citations. The educational backgrounds of Harlow and Bigelow are examined to explain their differing attitudes toward the case. Harlow's interest in phrenology prepared him to accept the change in character as a significant clue to cerebral function which merited publication. Bigelow had learned that damage to the cerebral hemispheres had no intellectual effect, and he was unwilling to consider Gage's deficit significant. Although Bigelow's paradigm was initially more influential, Harlow's more closely matched emerging theories of cerebral localization. His version of the case was used by David Ferrier as the keystone in the first modern theory of frontal lobe function, and this is how the case is remembered today.

Experimental Studies on Frontal Lobe Functions in Monkeys in Relation to Leucotomy

1950 ◽  
Vol 96 (402) ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Freudenberg ◽  
P. Glees ◽  
S. Obrador ◽  
B. Foss ◽  
M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Frontal Lobes ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Operative Method ◽  
Frontal Lobe Functions

Prefrontal leucotomy as an operative method of treatment for mental disease greatly stimulated research into the functions of the frontal lobes. The operation was a direct result of the observation of Fulton and Jacobsen (1935) that rage reactions seen in monkeys in the course of increasingly difficult experimental tasks do not occur after extirpation of the frontal lobes.

Brain Damage and Personality Change after Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

1970 ◽  
Vol 117 (537) ◽  
pp. 129-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Storey
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Intellectual Impairment ◽  
Personality Changes ◽  
The Brain

This paper reports on the personality changes found in 261 patients after proven subarachnoid haemorrhage, and in particular on the association between these changes and the site and severity of damage to the brain. Psychiatric symptoms and details of intellectual impairment are not considered but will be reported elsewhere.

Temperature Dependence of the Critical Electron Dose for Fatty Acid Monolayers

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. Downing ◽  
Robert M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Strong Temperature Dependence ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Covalent Bonds

The structural damage of molecules irradiated by electrons is generally considered to occur in two steps. The direct result of inelastic scattering events is the disruption of covalent bonds. Following changes in bond structure, movement of the constituent atoms produces permanent distortions of the molecules. Since at least the second step should show a strong temperature dependence, it was to be expected that cooling a specimen should extend its lifetime in the electron beam. This result has been found in a large number of experiments, but the degree to which cooling the specimen enhances its resistance to radiation damage has been found to vary widely with specimen types.

Formation of paired helical filaments in Alzheimer's disease

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 302-303
Author(s):  
J. Metuzals ◽  
D. F. Clapin ◽  
V. Montpetit
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Giant Axon ◽  
Paired Helical Filaments ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Protein Assemblies ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Helical Symmetry ◽  
Structural Levels

Information on the conformation of paired helical filaments (PHF) and the neurofilamentous (NF) network is essential for an understanding of the mechanisms involved in the formation of the primary lesions of Alzheimer's disease (AD): tangles and plaques. The structural and chemical relationships between the NF and the PHF have to be clarified in order to discover the etiological factors of this disease. We are investigating by stereo electron microscopic and biochemical techniques frontal lobe biopsies from patients with AD and squid giant axon preparations. The helical nature of the lesion in AD is related to pathological alterations of basic properties of the nervous system due to the helical symmetry that exists at all hierarchic structural levels in the normal brain. Because of this helical symmetry of NF protein assemblies and PHF, the employment of structure reconstruction techniques to determine the conformation, particularly the handedness of these structures, is most promising. Figs. 1-3 are frontal lobe biopsies.

Letter Verbal Fluency in Spanish-, Basque-, and Catalan-Speaking Individuals: Does the Selection of the Letters Influence the Outcome?

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 2400-2410
Author(s):  
Laiene Olabarrieta-Landa ◽  
Itziar Benito-Sánchez ◽  
Montserrat Alegret ◽  
Anna Gailhajanet ◽  
Esther Landa Torre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Crucial Step ◽  
Verbal Fluency Test ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Frontal Lobe Functioning ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Fluency Test

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare Basque and Catalan bilinguals' performance on the letter verbal fluency test and determine whether significant differences are present depending on the letters used and the language of administration. Method The sample consisted of 87 Spanish monolinguals, 139 Basque bilinguals, and 130 Catalan bilinguals from Spain. Participants completed the letter verbal fluency test using the letters F, A, S, M, R, P, and E. Results Bilinguals scored higher on the letter verbal fluency test when they were tested in Spanish than in Basque or Catalan. No performance differences were found according to native language or dialects within Basque participants. Catalans with Spanish as their native language scored lower on the letter F compared to those who grew up speaking Catalan and Spanish. The suggested letters to use with Basque speakers are A, E, and B; the suggested letters to use with Catalan speakers are P, F, and M; and the suggested letters to use with Spanish speakers are M, R, and P. Conclusion Selecting appropriate stimuli depending on the language of testing is the first crucial step to assess verbal fluency and thus possible frontal lobe functioning impairment.

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