The Camberwell Collaborative Depression Study III. Depression and Adversity in the Relatives of Depressed Probands

1988 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. McGuffin ◽  
R. Katz ◽  
P. Bebbington
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Life Event ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between life events and depressive disorder was assessed in 83 families ascertained through depressed probands. Contrary to expectation and to previous suggestions, we found no inverse relationship between the presence of familial loading and reactivity to stress. Thus the relatives of probands whose onset of depression followed life events or chronic difficulties had slightly higher lifetime rates of depression than the relatives of probands whose onset was not associated with adversity. There was only a weak and non-significant relationship between recent life events and current disorder among relatives, and no apparent tendency for life-event-associated depression to ‘breed true’ within families. Comparison with a community sample showed that the first-degree relatives of depressives had significantly elevated rates both of current depression and of recent threatening life events. This finding still held when proband-associated life events were discounted, suggesting that both liability to depression and propensity to experience life events are familial.

A Study of Relationship of Perceived Organizational Politics and Spirituality at Workplace in IT and ITES Organizations

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Puja Khatri ◽  
Pragya Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Workplace Spirituality ◽  
Organizational Politics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Perceptions Of Organizational Politics ◽  
Negative Context ◽  
Organization Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The increasing popularity of workplace spirituality has been associated with a myriad of benefits it is purported to bring about in the organizations, however not many empirical evidences of its inverse relationship with organizational politics have been reported. A sample of 202 employees from IT and ITES sectors based out of Delhi NCR was studied to not only examine the relationship of workplace spirituality with perceptions of organizational politics in a negative context as is popularly viewed but also look at the concept of positive/constructive politics at play in the organization. Analysis indicates significant relationship with the negative POPS but no relationship found with respect to positive politics. The reasons for these findings, its consequences and implications as well as directions for future research have been discussed.

Sex Differences and Life Event Experiences

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. Webb ◽  
Donald Snodgrass ◽  
Jerry Thagard
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Personal Injury ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Life Crisis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Social Readjustment Rating Scale ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the relationship between the sex of subject and life event experiences. A sample of 90 adult-psychiatric out-patients were administered the Social Readjustment Rating Scale. The range of scores indicating the magnitude of life crisis were used to assess exposure to stress. The results indicated that a majority (75.6%) of the subjects had experienced considerable stress in the year prior to seeking treatment. While there was no significant difference between the sexes in over-all life-event stress scores, a difference was found in the frequency with which men and women experienced seven of the life events. Males reported more involvements with the law (jail, law violations) and more vocational (work, business readjustments) related experiences, whereas, females reported more personal (injury, illness, change in family) events.

scholarly journals Mediators of the Relationship Between Life Events and Memory Functioning in a Community Sample of Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 626-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole C. M. Korten ◽  
Martin J. Sliwinski ◽  
Hannie C. Comijs ◽  
Joshua M. Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Memory Functioning ◽  
The Relationship

The Effect of Widowhood on the Health Status of Older Persons

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth F. Ferraro
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Interest in the relationship between stress and the onset of illness has stimulated research on the impact of various life events on health status. This article is an analysis of the health consequences of widowhood—the life event considered to require the most readjustment. Considering both objective and subjective measures of health, a structural equation model is developed and tested with panel data of a sample of elders. The findings indicate that widowhood results in an immediate decrease in perceived health but that the long-term consequences are minimal. Also, certain categories of elders shown to be health optimistic are able to maintain their optimism after widowhood. The results are interpreted as reflecting relativity in medical perceptions and favor a transitional model for explaining the normalization of disability.

The Social Origins of Depression and the Role of Meaning

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Life Event ◽  
The Social ◽  
Role Based

This chapter discusses the role of social factors in ill health, with a particular focus on depression. Major life events increase the risk of most depressive disorders. In a longitudinal study carried out in the early 1980s of 400 mothers in Islington, 1 in 10 developed a depressive disorder within a year, and most of those had a severely threatening life event not long before. This chapter also summarises the three forms of meaning relevant for the aetiology of depression. First, the role-based meanings of severe events relate to traditional anthropological and sociological concerns. Second, the evolutionary-derived meanings show that the experience of humiliation following a severe event is critical in the development of depression. Finally, the memory-linked emotional schemas influence a person's vulnerability to events.

An American Validation Study of the Newcastle Diagnostic Scale

1987 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zimmerman ◽  
W. Coryell ◽  
B. Pfohl ◽  
D. Stangl
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Familial Alcoholism ◽  
The Relationship

We completed the Newcastle Diagnostic Scale on 152 unipolar depressed in-patients: its validity was supported by the findings that endogenous depressives were, in contrast to neurotic depressives, older, more severely depressed, with better social support, fewer life events, less personality disorder, and a lower morbid risk of alcoholism and antisocial personality in their first-degree relatives. The relationship between Newcastle scores and the morbid risk for alcoholism was non-linear, such that a cut-off score of 4, rather than 5, maximised the difference between the endogenous and neurotic groups with respect to familial alcoholism rates as well as other validating variables.

Stressful Life Events and Schizophrenia

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross M. G. Norman ◽  
Ashok K. Malla
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Stress Models ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Empirical research concerning the relationship between life event stressors and schizophrenia is critically reviewed. In accordance with the view that patients suffering from schizophrenia are vulnerable to stress, there is evidence of a relationship between stressors and variation in severity of symptoms over time. There is less indication that schizophrenic patients have had higher levels of stressors than the general population or than patients suffering from other psychiatric disorders. These findings are consistent with vulnerability-stress models of the development of schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Tooth Decay and Body Mass Index Among 6-12 Year-Old Children in Ilam During 2016-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
Azam valian ◽  
Zahra Jaberi-Ansari ◽  
Arash Delshad ◽  
Mohammad Reza Hosseini Kordkheili
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The prevalence and severity of tooth decay have shown a significant increase in the past 20 years. This study evaluated the relationship between the amount of tooth decay and body mass index (BMI) in 6-12 year-old children in Ilam during 2016-2017. Methods: The population of this cross-sectional study consisted of 270 female and 250 male students in Ilam. Their weight and height and BMI were measured for each individual and the information on the examination of children’s teeth was inserted into relevant tables. Other research data (i.e., dietary habits, oral health instruction, and socioeconomic conditions) were gathered using a valid and reliable questionnaire. Results: There was no significant relationship between the amount of tooth decay and BMI among 6-12 children in Liam. Except for the 11-year-old (n=86) group demonstrating an inverse relationship between dmft and BMI (r = -0.185), an inverse relationship was found between the decay and observation of health although there was a direct relationship between the consumption of sugar materials and tooth decay. Conclusions: The results of the study revealed no significant relationship between the amount of tooth decay and BMI among 6-12 children in Ilam except for 9-year-old and 11-year-old groups.

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