An American Validation Study of the Newcastle Diagnostic Scale

1987 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zimmerman ◽  
W. Coryell ◽  
B. Pfohl ◽  
D. Stangl
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Familial Alcoholism ◽  
The Relationship

We completed the Newcastle Diagnostic Scale on 152 unipolar depressed in-patients: its validity was supported by the findings that endogenous depressives were, in contrast to neurotic depressives, older, more severely depressed, with better social support, fewer life events, less personality disorder, and a lower morbid risk of alcoholism and antisocial personality in their first-degree relatives. The relationship between Newcastle scores and the morbid risk for alcoholism was non-linear, such that a cut-off score of 4, rather than 5, maximised the difference between the endogenous and neurotic groups with respect to familial alcoholism rates as well as other validating variables.

1. How can we know if someone is a psychopath or is at risk of becoming one?

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-20
Author(s):  
Essi Viding
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
General Population ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
The Difference

What are individuals with psychopathy like and what are their defining features? ‘How can we know if someone is a psychopath or is at risk of becoming one?’ considers two case studies to give an idea of the developmental course of criminal psychopathy and what psychopathic personality traits look like. It discusses the Psychopathy Checklist, developed by Robert Hare in the 1980s, and explains the difference between antisocial personality disorder, sociopathy, and psychopathy. Research has shown that whether we look at criminal psychopaths, individuals with high levels of psychopathic traits in the general population, or children who are at risk of developing psychopathy, similar patterns of brain function and information processing are seen.

The Moderating Effects of Antisocial Personality Disorder on the Relationship Between Serious Mental Illness and Types of Prison Infractions

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Matejkowski
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Disciplinary Infractions ◽  
Prison Misconduct ◽  
The Relationship

Inmates with serious mental illness (SMI) or antisocial personality disorder (APD) average higher rates of disciplinary infractions than inmates without these conditions. This study builds upon these lines of research by examining the relationships among SMI and various types of prison misconduct, and whether these relationships are moderated by the presence of APD. SMI was observed significantly related to annual rates of both violent and serious nonviolent misconduct. APD moderated the relationship between SMI and serious nonviolent charges but not the relationship between SMI and violent charges. Implications for inmate management and classification practices aimed at ameliorating misconduct are discussed.

The Camberwell Collaborative Depression Study III. Depression and Adversity in the Relatives of Depressed Probands

1988 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. McGuffin ◽  
R. Katz ◽  
P. Bebbington
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Life Event ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between life events and depressive disorder was assessed in 83 families ascertained through depressed probands. Contrary to expectation and to previous suggestions, we found no inverse relationship between the presence of familial loading and reactivity to stress. Thus the relatives of probands whose onset of depression followed life events or chronic difficulties had slightly higher lifetime rates of depression than the relatives of probands whose onset was not associated with adversity. There was only a weak and non-significant relationship between recent life events and current disorder among relatives, and no apparent tendency for life-event-associated depression to ‘breed true’ within families. Comparison with a community sample showed that the first-degree relatives of depressives had significantly elevated rates both of current depression and of recent threatening life events. This finding still held when proband-associated life events were discounted, suggesting that both liability to depression and propensity to experience life events are familial.

Non-Linear Pharmacokinetics of Atomoxetine in Adult Japanese Patients With ADHD

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-493
Author(s):  
Atsunori Sugimoto ◽  
Yutaro Suzuki ◽  
Naoki Orime ◽  
Taketsugu Hayashi ◽  
Jun Egawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Linear Pharmacokinetics ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Atomoxetine Treatment

Objective: The objective was to reveal the relationship between dose and concentration of atomoxetine. Method: Fifty-five blood samples of 33 patients with ADHD were examined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: The plasma concentrations were 53.2 ± 67.0, 298.0 ± 390.5, and 639.3 ± 831.9 ng/mL at doses of 40 mg, 80 mg, and 120 mg, and the concentration/dose were 1.33 ± 1.67, 3.73 ± 4.88, and 5.33 ± 6.93 ng/mL/mg, respectively. Statistical analyses revealed a significant correlation between the concentration and the dose of atomoxetine ( p = .004), and a trending toward significance in the difference in the concentration/dose in the three dosage groups ( p = .064). The concentration/dose at 40 and 80 + 120 mg/day were 1.33 ± 1.67 and 4.22 ± 5.53 ng/mL/mg, the latter was significantly higher than the former ( p = .006), which suggested non-linear pharmacokinetics. Conclusion: Clinicians should carefully titrate in high dose atomoxetine treatment.

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