Suicide in Chronic Schizophrenia

1982 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec Roy
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Past History ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenic ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression

SummaryA matched controlled study of 30 chronic schizophrenic suicides is presented. Eighty per cent were male and committed suicide at a mean age of 25.8 years after a mean duration of illness of 4.8 years. Significantly more of the suicides had a chronic relapsing schizophrenic illness; 23.3 per cent committed suicide while in-patients, and 50 per cent of the out-patients committed suicide within three months of discharge from in-patient care. Significantly more of the suicides had a past history of depression (56.6 per cent), were depressed in the last episode of contact (53.3 per cent), had their last admission for depression or suicidal ideation (55.2 per cent) and were unemployed (80 per cent).

PREVALENCE AND RELATED FACTORS OF POSTNATAL DEPRESSION IN HIV INFECTED WOMEN

2014 ◽  
pp. 140-152
Author(s):  
Manh Hoan Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Thanh Cao
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Past History ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression

Background and Objective: HIV infection is also a cause of postpartum depression, however, in Vietnam, there has not yet the prevalence of postpartum depression in HIV infected women. The objective is to determine prevalence and related factors of postpartum depression in HIV infected women. Materials and Methods: From November 30th, 2012 to March 30th, 2014, a prospective cohort study is done at Dong Nai and Binh Duong province. The sample includes135 HIV infected women and 405 non infected women (ratio 1/3) who accepted to participate to the research. We used “Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screening test when women hospitalized for delivery and 1 week, 6weeks postpartum. Mother who score EPDS ≥ 13 are likely to be suffering from depression. We exclude women who have EPDS ≥ 13 since just hospitalize. Data are collected by a structural questionaire. Results: At 6 weeks postpartum, prevalence of depression in HIV infected women is 61%, in the HIV non infected women is 8.7% (p < 0.001). There are statistical significant differences (p<0.05) between two groups for some factors: education, profession, income, past history of depression, child’s health, breast feeding. Logistical regression analysis determine these factors are related with depression: late diagnosis of HIV infection, child infected of HIV, feeling guilty of HIV infected and feeling guilty with their family. Multivariate regression analysis showed 4 factors are related with depression: HIV infection, living in the province, child’s health, past history of depression. Conclusion: Prevalence of postpartum depression in HIV infected women is 61.2%; risk of depression of postnatal HIV infected women is 6.4 times the risk of postnatal HIV non infected women, RR=6.4 (95% CI:4.3 – 9.4). Domestic women have lower risk than immigrant women from other province, RR=0.72 (95% CI:0.5 – 0.9). Past history of depression is a risk factor with RR=1.7 (95% CI:1.02 – 0.9. Women whose child is weak or die, RR=1.7(95% CI:0.9 – 3.1). Keywords: Postpartum depression, HIV-positive postpartum women

Quality of parenting and vulnerability to depression: results from a family study

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. DUGGAN ◽  
P. SHAM ◽  
C. MINNE ◽  
A. LEE ◽  
R. MURRAY
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Past History ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Self Report ◽  
History Of ◽  
Quality Of Parenting ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
History Of Depression

Background. We examined a group of subjects at familial risk of depression and explored the relationship between the perceptions of parents and a history of depression. We also investigated: (a) whether any difference in perceived parenting found between those with and without a past history of depression was an artefact of the depression; and (b) whether the relationship between parenting and depression was explained by neuroticism.Method. We took a sample of first-degree relatives selected from a family study in depression and subdivided them by their history of mental illness on the SADS-L, into those: (a) without a history of mental illness (N=43); and (b) those who had fully recovered from an episode of RDC major depression (N=34). We compared the perceptions of parenting, as measured by the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), in these two groups having adjusted for the effect of neuroticism and subsyndromal depressive symptoms. We also had informants report on parenting of their siblings, the latter being subdivided into those with and without a past history of depression.Results. Relatives with a past history of depression showed lower care scores for both mother and father combined compared with the never ill relatives. The presence of a history of depression was associated with a non-significant reduction in the self-report care scores compared to the siblings report. Vulnerable personality (as measured by high neuroticism) and low perceived care were both found to exert independent effects in discriminating between the scores of relatives with and without a history of depression and there was no interaction between them.Conclusion. This study confirmed that low perceived parental care was associated with a past history of depression, that it was not entirely an artefact of having been depressed, and suggested that this association was partially independent of neuroticism.

Evaluating depression and suicidality in tetrabenazine users with Huntington disease

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. e202-e207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan L. Schultz ◽  
Annie Killoran ◽  
Peg C. Nopoulos ◽  
Chloe C. Chabal ◽  
David J. Moser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Huntington Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cag Repeat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antidepressant Use ◽  
History Of Depression ◽  
Total Functional Capacity

ObjectiveTo determine whether tetrabenazine (TBZ) use is associated with an increased incidence of depression and/or suicidal ideation.MethodsIn this retrospective cross-sectional study of the Enroll-HD database, we used multiple logistic regression analyses to determine whether TBZ use is associated with an increased incidence of depression and/or suicidal ideation. For both dependent variables (depression and suicidality), separate analyses were conducted on (1) all participants, (2) only participants with a history of depression, and (3) only participants with no history of depression. Adjustments were made for CAG repeat length, total motor score, total functional capacity, Symbol Digit Modalities Test score, sex, disease duration, history of depression (when applicable), antipsychotic use, and antidepressant use.ResultsCompared to participants who were not using TBZ (n = 3,548), TBZ users (n = 543) did not have an increased risk of depression (odds ratio [OR] = 0.78, p = 0.064). Participants taking TBZ actually had a relatively lower risk of suicidality (OR = 0.61, p = 0.043). Among only participants with a history of depression, those using TBZ had a lower incidence of depression (OR = 0.71, p = 0.016) and suicidal ideation (OR = 0.57, p = 0.028) compared to those not using TBZ. Finally, among only participants with no history of depression, TBZ use was not associated with a higher incidence of depression (OR = 1.59, p = 0.18) or suicidality (OR = 1.43, p = 0.66) compared to those who were not using TBZ.ConclusionsTBZ use was not associated with an increased incidence of depression or suicidality. These findings suggest that TBZ may be safe to use in patients with Huntington disease who have a history of depression.

The assessment of dysfunctional attitudes and their role in the onset, persistence and recurrence of clinical depression

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Francis C. Charlton ◽  
Mick J. Power
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Past History ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression

Dysfunctional attitudes have been proposed as an important vulnerability factor in the cognitive model of depression. Yet it has often proved difficult to demonstrate their existence in non‐symptomatic populations. We examine the ways in which dysfunctional attitudes have been conceptualized and assessed, from self‐report methods to information‐processing tasks. A s dysfunctional attitudes are typically viewed as latent in non‐symptomatic groups, the importance of priming or activating such variables is emphasized, together with recommendations as to how this may best be achieved. Comparative studies of depressed, control, and at‐risk groups are then considered, together with longitudinal studies that have directly testedpredictions of the cognitive model. Prospective studies of non‐depressed, non‐clinical samples have so far had mixed results in demonstrating that dysfunctional attitudes precede depression or that specific attitudes interact with congruent events in the way the model predicts, although more consistent results emerge from clinical samples with a past history of depression. Possible reasons for the variability in findings are presented, together with suggestions for further research and a revised cognitive model of depression.

Personality Traits in Former Depressed Patients and in Healthy Subjects without Past History of Depression

1984 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Perris ◽  
Martin Eisemann ◽  
Lars von Knorring ◽  
Hjördis Perris
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Past History ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression

scholarly journals Problem-Based Review: Paracetamol Overdose

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 212-215
Author(s):  
Tom Heaps ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Glasgow Coma Scale ◽  
Past History ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Past Medical History ◽  
Minute Period ◽  
Normal Diameter ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
History Of Depression

A 29-year old male presents to the emergency department 1h after an overdose of cocodamol. He admits to taking approximately 60 x 8/500mg tablets, with alcohol, over a 20 minute period. He has a past history of depression, treated by his GP with citalopram 20mg OD. He has no previous history of deliberate self-harm. His past medical history is otherwise unremarkable and he is not on any additional medications. He drinks approximately 40 units of alcohol per week. Physical examination is unremarkable, his pupils are normal diameter and his Glasgow Coma Scale is 15. He weighs 82kg.

scholarly journals Suicidal Ideations and Attempts in Patients with Isolated Dystonia

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011596
Author(s):  
Alexis Worthley ◽  
Kristina Simonyan
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Generalized Dystonia ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Question Survey

Objective:To evaluate the hypothesis that individuals with isolated dystonia are at an increased risk for suicidal behavior, we administered an anonymous electronic survey to patients with dystonia, asking them about their history of suicidal ideations and suicide attempt.Methods:A total of 542 patients with dystonia completed an online 97-question survey, which captured the demographics of suicidal behavior and major psychiatric disorders in these patients. Statistical analyses examined the prevalence of suicidal behavior in patients with dystonia compared to the prevalence of suicidal ideations and attempt in the general global population and assessed the significance of risk associations between suicidality and psychiatric history in these patients.Results:Overall, 32.3% of patients with isolated dystonia reported a lifetime history of suicidal behavior, which was significantly different from the reported rates of suicidal ideation (9.2%) and attempt (2.7%) in the general global population. The prevalence of suicidality was higher in patients with multifocal/segmental and generalized forms of dystonia (range of 46%-50%) compared to patients with focal dystonias (range of 26.1%-33.3%). The highest suicidal ideation-to-attempt ratio of 4:1 was found in patients with generalized dystonia. Suicidality in patients with focal dystonia was significantly associated with their history of depression and anxiety disorders.Conclusion:Patients with isolated dystonia have an increased, albeit unrecognized, prevalence of suicidal behavior compared to the general global population. The screening for suicidal risk should be incorporated as part of the clinical evaluation of patients with dystonia to prevent their suicide-induced injury and death.

The Occurrence of Depression Following Mania

1989 ◽  
Vol 154 (5) ◽  
pp. 705-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Lucas ◽  
J. C. Rigby ◽  
S. B. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Family History ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Past History ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression

In a retrospective analysis of 100 cases of mania (1981–1985), the incidence of subsequent depression was found to be 30%. Its occurrence was significantly associated with three factors: cyclothymic premorbid personality, family history of affective disorder, and past history of depression. By discriminant analysis, outcome could be predicted successfully in 81% of cases.

Suicide Among Chinese Schizophrenics in Hong Kong

1989 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Cheng ◽  
C. M. Leung ◽  
W. H. Lo ◽  
T. H. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Age At Death ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Suicidal Ideas ◽  
History Of Depression

A descriptive study of suicides in 74 Chinese schizophrenic out-patients (43 male) is presented. The mean age at death was 31.3 years. The mean duration of illness was 8.5 years and 50 of the 74 died within ten years of onset of illness. Only five lived alone; 35 were openly employed and 20 were married at the time of death. Twenty had a history of depression, and 27 had attempted suicide previously. More females had been depressed or had attempted suicide than males. Over half were last admitted for reasons other than schizophrenic symptoms alone and ten died within one month of discharge. Eight of 71 patients followed up expressed suicidal ideas at the last psychiatric contact, but only 15 were symptomatic. Jumping was the commonest method used. Analytical studies are needed to identify risk factors in Chinese schizophrenics.

Neuroticism in familial depression

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy Katz ◽  
Peter McGuffin
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Past History ◽  
The State ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Familial Vulnerability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
History Of Depression

SynopsisThis study examined the relationship between personality factors and depression in subjects who may have a familial vulnerability to depression (i.e. first-degree relatives of depressed patients). Four groups comprised our study sample: relatives who had never experienced a psychiatric episode of depression; relatives who had experienced a psychiatric episode of depression but were currently well; relatives who had never experienced a psychiatric episode of depression but were currently depressed; and relatives who had experienced a past history of depression and were currently depressed. Of the four personality characteristics measured (Psychoticism, Extraversion, Neuroticism and Lie), the only significant effects between groups appeared to be attributable to Neuroticism (N).The strongest association was between current illness and N. There was also a tendency for subjects with a past history of depression to have an inflated N score. However, this appeared to be associated with the presence of current depressive symptomatology. Our findings indicate that when current symptomatology is taken into account Neuroticism does not seem to reflect the trait of liability to depression, but is strongly associated with the state of being depressed.

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