Differences between Two Studies of Hand Preference in Psychiatric Patients

1982 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela J. Taylor ◽  
Rosemary Dalton ◽  
J. J. Fleminger ◽  
W. A. Lishman
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Hand Preference ◽  
Left Handedness ◽  
Simple Classification ◽  
Normal Controls

SummarySignificant differences in handedness patterns between groups of psychiatric patients and normal controls were identified in two recent British studies, with substantial disagreement in some important findings. Most of the discrepancies were attributable to the different application of a simple classification of handedness data, and the remainder to differences in sample size. Diagnosis, sex and age were then found to have a similar effect on handedness in both studies. Neurotic patients were similar to controls regardless of classification, whereas mixed handedness in personality disorder depended on it. There was no overall excess of left-handedness among schizophrenics, but trends towards excess sinistrality in men and full dextrality in women approached significance.

scholarly journals ‘Military Munchausen's’: assessment of factitious claims of military service in psychiatric patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Baggaley
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Military Experience ◽  
Simple Classification ◽  
Post Traumatic

Thirteen per cent of referrals of ex-servicemen to a military psychiatric centre for the treatment of combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a 12-month period have proved to be factitious. A simple classification of factitious combat-related PTSD into those with no military service and those with military service but with false claims of combat is described. The possible causes of this behaviour are discussed and a guide to the detection of factitious claims for psychiatrists without military experience is given.

Classification of Personality Disorder

1979 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Tyrer ◽  
John Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Personality Disordered

SummaryAn interview schedule was used to record the personality traits of 130 psychiatric patients, 65 with a primary clinical diagnosis of personality disorder and 65 with other diagnoses. The results were analysed by factor analysis and three types of cluster analysis. Factor analysis showed a similar structure of personality variables in both groups of patients, supporting the notion that personality disorders differ only in degree from the personalities of other psychiatric patients. Cluster analysis revealed five discrete categories; sociopathic, passive-dependent, anankastic, schizoid and a non-personality-disordered group. Of all the personality-disordered patients 63 per cent fell into the passive-dependent or sociopathic category. The results suggest that the current classification of personality disorder could be simplified.

Relationship between Neurosis and Personality Disorder

1983 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Tyrer ◽  
Patricia Casey ◽  
Joanna Gall
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Anxiety Neurosis ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
International Classification Of Disease ◽  
Neurotic Disorders ◽  
Obsessional Neurosis

Summary316 psychiatric patients—predominantly out-patients—with a clinical diagnosis of neurosis (International Classification of Disease), were given an interview schedule for assessing personality disorders. Nearly two fifths were rated as having personality disorder, the anankastic type being the most common and sociopathic personality disorder the least. Patients with anxiety, phobic and obsessional neurosis were all significantly more likely to show personality disorder than those with depressive neurosis. Broadly, passive-dependent personalities were linked to anxiety neurosis, anankastic personality disorder to obsessional neurosis, and both anankastic and passive-dependent personalities to phobic neurosis. In a clinical trial of the efficacy of two dosage regimes of phenelzine in 60 patients the presence of personality disorder significantly impaired clinical outcome. The results suggest strongly that the assessment of personality in neurotic disorders is necessary to make an adequate diagnosis and predict the outcome of treatment.

scholarly journals Relationship Pattern of Personality Disorder Traits in Major Psychiatric Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 025371762199953
Author(s):  
Bhavneesh Saini ◽  
Pir Dutt Bansal ◽  
Mamta Bahetra ◽  
Arvind Sharma ◽  
Priyanka Bansal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neurotic Disorders

Background: Normal personality development, gone awry due to genetic or environmental factors, results in personality disorders (PD). These often coexist with other psychiatric disorders, affecting their outcome adversely. Considering the heterogeneity of data, more research is warranted. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on personality traits in psychiatric patients of a tertiary hospital, over 1 year. Five hundred and twenty-five subjects, aged 18–45 years, with substance, psychotic, mood, or neurotic disorders were selected by convenience sampling. They were evaluated for illness-related variables using psychiatric pro forma; diagnostic confirmation and severity assessment were done using ICD-10 criteria and suitable scales. Personality assessment was done using the International Personality Disorder Examination after achieving remission. Results: Prevalence of PD traits and PDs was 56.3% and 4.2%, respectively. While mood disorders were the diagnostic group with the highest prevalence of PD traits, it was neurotic disorders for PDs. Patients with PD traits had a past psychiatric history and upper middle socioeconomic status (SES); patients with PDs were urban and unmarried. Both had a lower age of onset of psychiatric illness. Psychotic patients with PD traits had higher and lower PANSS positive and negative scores, respectively. The severity of personality pathology was highest for mixed cluster and among neurotic patients. Clusterwise prevalence was cluster C > B > mixed > A (47.1%, 25.2%, 16.7%, and 11.4%). Among subtypes, anankastic (18.1%) and mixed (16.7%) had the highest prevalence. Those in the cluster A group were the least educated and with lower SES than others. Conclusions: PD traits were present among 56.3% of the patients, and they had many significant sociodemographic and illness-related differences from those without PD traits. Cluster C had the highest prevalence. Among patients with psychotic disorders, those with PD traits had higher severity of psychotic symptoms.

Handedness in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S214-S214 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kobylinska ◽  
C.G. Anghel ◽  
I. Mihailescu ◽  
F. Rad ◽  
I. Dobrescu
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Hand Preference ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Left Handedness ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Hand Laterality ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Competing Interest

Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have a less definitive hand preference for certain actions as opposed to neurotypical children. Moreover, left-handedness in children with ASD has been associated with more echolalia. The objective was to conduct a screening of potential risk and associated features for autism spectrum disorders, among which the hand preference of the child. The current aim is to compare the perceived handedness of children with autism spectrum disorders with that of children with other psychiatric pathologies.MethodsEight hundred and forty-two parents completed our risk and associated features screening questionnaire. Out of these, 494 answered the question regarding handedness (209 had children diagnosed with ASD). This asked the parents to state how they perceived their child's handedness. An ADOS assessment has been conducted for 170 of the children whose parents were included in the study, based on clinical relevance for the case. The data were analysed using Excel and SPSS 22.0. For the comparisons, Chi2 and the Kruskal–Wallis test were used.ResultsChildren with ASD had more left-handedness (χ2(2) = 12.54, P = 0.002). There were no differences between boys and girls in terms of perceived handedness in any of the groups. There were no differences in the ADOS scores according to the perceived hand laterality (χ2(2) = 0.58, P = 0.74).ConclusionRightward-asymmetry in regions of corpus callosum has been reported to correlate with symptoms severity in ASD. The finding of different perceived handedness in children with ASD versus children with other psychiatric pathologies is useful for designing appropriate, individualized training programs for motor therapy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Conceptual validity of a phenomenological classification of psychiatric patients

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Overall ◽  
J.Arthur Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients

ADULT ABDOMINAL CHARACTERS IN THE LYGAEOID–COREOID COMPLEX OF THE HETEROPTERA, AND THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE GROUP

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. E. Scudder
Keyword(s):  
Simple Classification

The characters used in the classification of the logaoedic–coreoid complex of the Heteroptera vary and no simple classification into superfamilies is apparent. The abdomen provides a number of additional characters which are useful and can be used with previous ones, in the assessment of phenetic affinity. The Coreoidea can be considered as containing families with 75% affinity with the Coreidae, whilst the Lygaeoidea contains families with less than a 75% affinity with this family. Since many of the families in the complex are defined on rather subjective characters, a key based on objective abdominal characters seems more satisfactory.

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