The Neuroleptic Hypothesis: Study of the Covariation of Extrapyramidal and Therapeutic Drug Effects

1978 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Alpert ◽  
F. Diamond ◽  
J. Weisenfreund ◽  
E. Taleporos ◽  
A. J. Friedhoff
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Therapeutic Trial ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Dopamine Hypothesis ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale

SummaryA therapeutic trial with chlorpromazine was conducted with a homogeneous (for age and sex) group of recently admitted schizophrenic patients. Extrapyramidal effects were measured through quantitative analysis of digital tremor, after four days of fixed-dose treatment. Assessment of treatment efficacy was based on Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ratings, done at the end of four weeks' treatment. Those patients whose tremor was least affected by drug were most likely to benefit from the treatment. Implications of this negative correlation for our understanding of the neuroleptic hypothesis and the closely associated dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia are discussed.

Discussion 5

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. 279-280
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Training ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Numerous rating scales are available to assess specific behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and BPSD in general. One of the most commonly used scales is the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), which was developed nearly 40 years ago and has been partially validated for use in patients with dementia. Dr. Tariot commented that use of the BPRS requires extensive clinical training to conduct the semistructured interviews and to probe, gauge, and weigh data in a way that reflects clinical reasoning, thinking, and judgment. In contrast, a scale such as the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, which covers a broad spectrum of BPSD, can be administered by a healthcare professional without extensive clinical training; this is both a strength and a weakness. Dr. Sultzer recognized the value of both types of scales, those that require semistructured interviews and those that are largely observational, and suggested that using different combinations of scales in research studies may be valuable. Although the BPRS is an older scale that some researchers believe is inappropriate for use in patients with dementia, Dr. Mintzer noted that the BPRS and its subscales have been used successfully over the past few years to differentiate drug effects from placebo in this patient population.

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms induced by atypical anti-psychotics

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1220-1220
Author(s):  
A. Afkhamebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveThe impact of typical and atypical anti-psychotics on developing obsessive-compulsive symptoms in schizophrenic patients were investigated in this study.Materials and methods64 schizophrenic patients (32 cases in typical anti-psychotics group and 32 in atypical anti-psychotics group) participated in the study. All the patients first interviewed by SCID and then Yale Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and Brief psychiatric Rating Scale were administered in the beginning, 3 weeks and 6 weeks after treatment. The Data then transferred to SPSS program. for analysis.ResultsIn typical group the mean scores of Y-BOCS were 2.40, 2.30 and 2.18 in the beginning, 3 weeks and 6 weeks after treatment. In atypical group the mean scores of Y-BOCS were 4.12, 4.46 and 4.53 in three trials. There were no significant differences in the mean scores of Y-BOCS of two group in the beginning of the trial although a trend toward significance was observed but the differences between scores were significant in trial 2 (3 weeks) and trial 3 (6 weeks).DiscussionBased on this study and in line with previous studies, atypical anti-psychotics may induce obsessive compulsive symptoms (although mild) in patients with schizophrenia.

Baseline personality functioning correlates with 6 month outcome in schizophrenia

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Secondo Fassino ◽  
Andrea Pierò ◽  
Elena Mongelli ◽  
Maria Luisa Caviglia ◽  
Nadia Delsedime ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Multimodal Treatment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Occupational Functioning ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale

AbstractObjectiveThe assessment of outcome in schizophrenic patients should consider both the response to treatment and the recovery of social skills. The aim was to evaluate the outcome and related psychostructural and clinical factors in schizophrenic patients after they underwent 6 months of residential multimodal treatment.MethodsFifty-two schizophrenic patients enrolled in a multimodal treatment program were included in the study. Symptomatology and social functioning were assessed with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS). The Karolinska Psychodynamic Profile (KAPP) was used for the psychostructural evaluation.ResultsAfter 6 months there was a significant improvement in the global scores of BPRS, SOFAS, and some areas of KAPP. The personality (KAPP) and social-occupational functioning (SOFAS) at baseline (T0) correlated with the global score of BPRS at 6 months (T6); moreover, SOFAS at T6 correlated with BPRS and KAPP at T0 and with the illness duration.ConclusionsThe better the personality functioning in schizophrenic patients the better seems to be the response to treatment, with regard to symptoms as well as rehabilitation. Personality assessment might be useful for the individualisation of therapies, even within the context of a standardised program.

Behavioural Family Management in Schizophrenia

1994 ◽  
Vol 164 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia T. Randolph ◽  
Spencer Eth ◽  
Shirley M. Glynn ◽  
George G. Paz ◽  
Gregory B. Leong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Veterans Administration ◽  
Family Management ◽  
First Year ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale

To test further the highly successful outcomes of a controlled study of in-home behavioural family management (BFM) for schizophrenic patients, a clinic-based version of this intervention was compared with customary care alone for 41 schizophrenic patients in a Veterans Administration (VA) mental health clinic. Monthly Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) ratings, conducted by clinic psychiatrists who were ‘blind’ to the patients' assignment, revealed that 3 (14%) patients who received behavioural family management as well as customary care, as compared with 11 (55%) patients who received customary care alone, had symptomatic exacerbations during the first year of treatment.

Negative and Depressive Symptoms in Schizophrenia

1989 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parmanand Kulhara ◽  
Ajit Avasthi ◽  
Rakesh Chadda ◽  
Kishore Chandiramani ◽  
Surendra K. Mattoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive Syndromes

Ninety-five schizophrenic patients were assessed using the Present State Examination, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. Negative and depressive symptoms were frequent, and significant relationships among negative symptom complexes and depressive syndromes were noted. Retardation, lack of energy, slowness, and other symptoms of depression were significantly associated with the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Depressed affect per se did not have a significant correlation with negative symptoms.

The Effect of Thioridazine on Prolactin Levels in Actutely Schizophrenic Patients: Challenge-Dose and Steady-State Levels

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. S. Johnson ◽  
G. E. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Challenge Dose ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Steady State Levels ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale

Prolactin (PRL) levels in unmedicated male patients with acute schizophrenia were within normal range at baseline, increased five fold after a challenge dose of thioridazine, did not significantly increase further after therapeutic dosages, and remained elevated for the duration of treatment. The rise in PRL levels was significantly correlated with the steady-state plasma levels of thioridazine and/or mesoridazine. Baseline and challenge-dose PRL levels did not correlate with severity of symptoms as measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, or predict response to thioridazine. Overall, there was a trend for the drug and PRL levels to increase very quickly and remain elevated while the clinical response was gradual over the four-week period. Clinically, it may be useful monitoring PRL levels, since the therapeutic dosage should usually be above the dosage required to produce maximal PRL levels.

scholarly journals Investigation of DRD2 and HTR2A mRNA Expression in Two Therapeutic States of Antipsychotic Polypharmacy and Aripiprazole Monotherapy in the Peripheral Blood of Patients With Schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-300
Author(s):  
Arash Mirabzadeh ◽  
◽  
Hamid Reza Iranpour ◽  
Hamid Reza Khorram Khorshid ◽  
Davood Zare-Abdollahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Care Costs

Objectives: Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder that has profound effects on both individuals and the community. Notwithstanding the suggestion for treating schizophrenia with a minimum dose of drugs, antipsychotic polypharmacy increases the patient’s care costs and drug interactions. Aripiprazole reduces the metabolic side effects of antipsychotic polypharmacy treatment. DRD2 and HTR2A can serve as predictors for response to treatment in schizophrenic patients. The purpose of this survey was to measure the DRD2 and HTR2A genes expression in the peripheral blood samples using Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Methods: A total of 19 patients with a long history of schizophrenia who received at least two types of antipsychotics with daily doses of more than 500 mg of chlorpromazine were entered into the study. The response rates to the treatment based on scores in the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) questionnaire and DRD2 and HTR2A expression were compared between antipsychotic polypharmacy status and 6 months after monotherapy with aripiprazole. Results: The levels of DRD2 expression decreased significantly after the intervention. The mean changes in HTR2A expression and the BPRS questionnaire and also the relationship between changes in DRD2 and HTR2A expression and changes in BPRS score after the intervention were not significant. Discussion: The conversion of the antipsychotic polypharmacy state to monotherapy with aripiprazole has been accompanied by a significant decrease in DRD2A expression. These genes can be used for evaluating the response rate of schizophrenia treatments in the future.

Electrodermal Responding and Chlorpromazine Treatment in Schizophrenia

1987 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 850-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavroula Yannitsi ◽  
Aris Liakos ◽  
Yannis Papakostas
Keyword(s):  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Skin Conductance Level ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Skin Conductance Responses ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Drug Free

Skin conductance level (SCL) and skin conductance responses (SCR) to a random series of tones were measured in 25 drug-free schizophrenic patients, 15 male and 10 female, before and after standard chlorpromazine treatment. The DSM-III diagnostic criteria were used for selecting subjects. Psychopathology was measured with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. After treatment, patients showed an improved psychopathology and decreased SCL. There was a transition of patients to lower response categories: the number of responders decreased twice and the number of non-responders increased three times. Responders exhibited significantly higher SCL than non-responders and fast habituators were between the two groups.

Association between GRM3 gene polymorphisms and response to treatment in Moroccan schizophrenic patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s818-s818
Author(s):  
H. Lagouaiti ◽  
G. Zairy ◽  
H. Charoute ◽  
R. Somali ◽  
N. Atouche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate the association between response to treatment in Moroccan schizophrenic patients and GRM3 gene polymorphisms.MethodWe have genotyped three SNPs of GRM3 gene (rs1989796, rs1468412, rs1476455) in 33 Moroccan schizophrenic patients. We assessed the severity of symptoms using Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) during two months of antipsychotics treatment.ResultsThe result revealed a positive change in PANSS negative symptoms in patients with rs1468412SNP and a difference in allele frequency of rs1989796SNP between responders and nonresponders to treatment.ConclusionOur data indicate that rs1468412 and rs1989796 GRM3 gene polymorphisms play a role in response to schizophrenia treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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