The Incidence of Depressive Symptoms During Recovery from Hypomania

1972 ◽  
Vol 120 (558) ◽  
pp. 537-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Manic Depressive Psychosis ◽  
Circular Form ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
The Individual

Manic-depressive psychosis is characterized by severe swings of mood, which may be depressive, hypomanic or manic in type: occasionally a circular form is seen, with successive mood fluctuations in both directions in the same individual. Kraepelin indicated the frequency of these various types (depression alone 48·9 per cent, mania alone 16 6 per cent, circular 34·5 per cent), but also emphasized how difficult it is to predict the precise course of the disease in any individual patient. He stated: ‘we cannot speak of even an approximate regularity in the course of the disease’, and ‘the kind and direction of the attack and the intervals do not by any means remain the same in the individual case’ (Kraepelin, 1921).

Atypical Endogenous Psychosis. Report on a Family

1967 ◽  
Vol 113 (497) ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennart Kaij
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Text Book ◽  
Affective Psychoses ◽  
Manic Depressive Psychosis ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Endogenous Psychoses ◽  
Endogenous Psychosis

The classification and nature of psychoses with both schizophrenic and manic-depressive symptoms is still highly controversial. The original view based on the Kraepelinian dichotomy of endogenous psychoses was that the “mixed” or “schizo-affective” psychoses were mixed also in a genetic sense. This would mean that some individuals inherit both schizophrenic and manic-depressive Anlage. This view has not been confirmed. One alternative is that proposed by Kleist and Leonhard, namely, that atypical forms of endogenous psychoses exist, which are genetically independent of both schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychosis. It seems, however, that Leonhard's concept has attracted little attention. Slater (1953) stated that Leonhard's work was “most interesting”, but hardly mentions it in his text-book of psychiatry (Mayer-Gross, Slater and Roth, 1960). An account of Leonhard's views on schizophrenia has however, been given by Fish (1958).

Shoulder Pain at Work: Causation Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Joel Weddington ◽  
Charles N. Brooks ◽  
Mark Melhorn ◽  
Christopher R. Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Causation Analysis ◽  
Injury Causation ◽  
Relevant Factors

Abstract In most cases of shoulder injury at work, causation analysis is not clear-cut and requires detailed, thoughtful, and time-consuming causation analysis; traditionally, physicians have approached this in a cursory manner, often presenting their findings as an opinion. An established method of causation analysis using six steps is outlined in the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Guidelines and in the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Disease and Injury Causation, Second Edition, as follows: 1) collect evidence of disease; 2) collect epidemiological data; 3) collect evidence of exposure; 4) collect other relevant factors; 5) evaluate the validity of the evidence; and 6) write a report with evaluation and conclusions. Evaluators also should recognize that thresholds for causation vary by state and are based on specific statutes or case law. Three cases illustrate evidence-based causation analysis using the six steps and illustrate how examiners can form well-founded opinions about whether a given condition is work related, nonoccupational, or some combination of these. An evaluator's causal conclusions should be rational, should be consistent with the facts of the individual case and medical literature, and should cite pertinent references. The opinion should be stated “to a reasonable degree of medical probability,” on a “more-probable-than-not” basis, or using a suitable phrase that meets the legal threshold in the applicable jurisdiction.

scholarly journals Symptom Cluster-Matching Antidepressant Treatment: A Case Series Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 526
Author(s):  
Sławomir Murawiec ◽  
Marek Krzystanek
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Symptom Cluster ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cluster Matching ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Effectiveness Studies

Despite treating depression with antidepressants, their effectiveness is often insufficient. Comparative effectiveness studies and meta-analyses show the effectiveness of antidepressants; however, they do not provide clear indications as to the choice of a specific antidepressant. The rational choice of antidepressants may be based on matching their mechanisms of action to the symptomatic profiles of depression, reflecting the heterogeneity of symptoms in different patients. The authors presented a series of cases of patients diagnosed with depression in whom at least one previous antidepressant treatment was shown to be ineffective before drug targeted symptom cluster-matching treatment (SCMT). The presented pilot study shows for the first time the effectiveness of SCMT in the different clusters of depressive symptoms. All the described patients obtained recovery from depressive symptoms after introducing drug-targeted SCMT. Once validated in clinical trials, SCMT might become an effective and rational method of selecting an antidepressant according to the individual profile of depressive symptoms, the mechanism of their formation, and the mechanism of drug action. Although the study results are preliminary, SCMT can be a way to personalize treatment, increasing the likelihood of improvement even in patients who meet criteria for treatment-resistant depression.

Judicial Lawmaking, Discourse Theory, and the ICTY on Belligerent Reprisals

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1261-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Kuhli ◽  
Klaus Günther
Keyword(s):  
International Criminal Court ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
International Criminal Tribunal ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Criminal Courts ◽  
Normative Expectations ◽  
Judicial Lawmaking ◽  
The Individual

Without presenting a full definition, it can be said that the notion of judicial lawmaking implies the idea that courts create normative expectations beyond the individual case. That is, our question is whether courts' normative declarations have an effect which is abstract and general. Our purpose here is to ask about judicial lawmaking in this sense with respect to international criminal courts and tribunals. In particular, we will focus on the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY). No other international criminal court or tribunal has issued so many judgments as the ICTY, so it seems a particularly useful focus for examining the creation of normative expectations.

Assessing the validity of NART-estimated premorbid IQs in the individual case

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Crawford ◽  
K. M. Allan ◽  
R. H. B. Cochrane ◽  
D. M. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Individual Case ◽  
The Individual

Manic-Depressive Psychosis: An Alternative Conceptual Model

1968 ◽  
Vol 114 (517) ◽  
pp. 1523-1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Court
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Biological Cycle ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Manic Depressive Psychosis ◽  
Manic Depressive

The traditional concept of manic-depressive psychosis has been either a bi-polar or a circular one, used interchangeably. The psychoanalytic school has invoked the polarity of much of human behaviour as an appropriate analogy. For example “The tragedy is succeeded by the satyr play: after the serious worship of God comes the merry fair… On the same basis the same sequence is represented by the cycle of guilt feelings and unscrupulousness, later by the sequence of guilt feelings and forgiveness…. The manic-depressive cycle is a cycle between periods of increased and decreased guilt feelings: … this cycle, in the last analysis, goes back to the biological cycle of hunger and satiety in the infant” (Fenichel, 1946, p. 409).

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