Studies in the Childhood Psychoses I. Diagnostic Criteria and Classification

1971 ◽  
Vol 118 (545) ◽  
pp. 381-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kolvin
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Considerable Confusion ◽  
The Face ◽  
Comprehensive Classification ◽  
Childhood Psychoses

Until the last decade there was considerable confusion about the nosology of childhood psychoses. As Kanner (1958) has pointed out, certain psychodynamically orientated writers (Szurek, 1956; Beres, 1956) have eschewed the important operation of differential diagnosis. This has led to the notion of ‘equality of schizophrenias' (Darr and Worden, 1951) and thus to the idea of a single psychosis of childhood. The controversy over this approach has now waned in the face of empirical evidence from aetiological, phenomenological and follow-up studies, and many authors have stressed the importance of age of onset in their typologies or in their attempts at a more comprehensive classification (Kanner and Lesser, 1958; Mahler et al., 1949, 1952; Bender, 1947, 1959; Anthony, 1958, 1962, and Eisenberg, 1967). As this is also central to the present study it merits examination in greater detail.

ANOREXIA NERVOSA

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-525
Author(s):  
Robert J. Haggerty
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Outcome Studies ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorder ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Follow Up Studies

Anorexia nervosa is a serious psychosomatic disorder which most typically begins between 16 and 18 years of age. Clinicians have often held that early onset (eg, ages 11 to 15) is associated with a better outcome. This paper reviews the long-term outcome studies on anorexia nervosa and concludes that this contention is not supported by available data. The methodologies of seven outcome studies that focus on an early onset population are critiqued, and it is concluded that two methodologies are strong. Because of the increasing prevalence of anorexia nervosa, this once rare disorder can now be more easily investigated, and consequently better follow-up studies, which examine potential prognostic factors including age of onset, should be forthcoming.

scholarly journals Chondroid syringoma of the upper lip: a rare entity

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1900
Author(s):  
Ashiya Goel ◽  
Aman . ◽  
Vinny Raheja ◽  
Manisha Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Chondroid Syringoma ◽  
The Face ◽  
Slow Growing

<p class="abstract"><span lang="EN-US">Chondroid syringomas are uncommon cutaneous neoplasms of sweat gland origin which are slow-growing, nontender, subcutaneous or intracutaneous in location and often occurring in the head and neck region. Chondroid syringoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any subcutaneous nodule over the face. The clinician may miss the diagnosis of this lesion and if it is suspected, tumour should be excised with a margin of normal tissue and regular follow up should be done.</span></p>

Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo of Childhood: A Long-Term Follow-Up

Cephalalgia ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 458-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Lanzi ◽  
U Balottin ◽  
E Fazzi ◽  
M Tagliasacchi ◽  
M Manfrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Migrainous Vertigo ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

We examined clinical aspects of Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo (BPV) in infancy and its most frequent differential diagnosis, in particular analogies and differences with forms of “migrainous vertigo” (MV) of later onset. During a long-term follow-up of 7 cases of BPV, diagnosed according to the Basser criteria, 5 of 7 BPV cases spontaneously resolved and 6 of 7 patients later developed migraine and other migraine-related symptoms. This course differs from that described for MV only in the age of onset of headache and in the chronological relationship with vertigo. The authors suggest that BPV can be interpreted as a migraine precursor and MV as a migraine equivalent.

Olfactory reference syndrome: a systematic review of the world literature

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Begum ◽  
P. J. McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Syndrome ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Classification

BackgroundThe nosological status of olfactory reference syndrome (ORS) is a matter of debate and there is uncertainty as to what treatments are effective.MethodThe world literature was searched for reports of cases of ORS. Clinical, nosological and therapeutic information from cases meeting proposed diagnostic criteria for the disorder was summarized and tabulated.ResultsA total of 84 case reports (52 male/32 female) were found. Age of onset was <20 years in almost 60% of cases. Smell-related precipitating events were recorded in 42%. Most patients could not smell the smell or only did so intermittently. Authors of the reports expressed reservations about the delusional nature of the belief in slightly under half of the cases. Over two-thirds were improved or recovered at follow-up, with the disorder responding to antidepressants and psychotherapy more frequently than to neuroleptics.ConclusionsORS is a primary psychiatric syndrome that does not fit well into its current classification as a subtype of delusional disorder, both in terms of its nosology and its response to treatment.

scholarly journals Case Report: Nodular colloid degeneration of the skin

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1798
Author(s):  
Nasim Niknezhad ◽  
Farahnaz Bidari-Zerehpoosh ◽  
Nakisa Niknejad ◽  
Nikoo Mozafari
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Histologic Study ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Pathologic Findings ◽  
The Face

In this report, we described a 58-year-old man, presenting with multiple plaques and nodules over the nose and forehead resembling sarcoidosis or lepromatous leprosy. The histologic study revealed deposition of the mass of amorphous, eosinophilic-cleaved, colloid materials in the papillary dermis and deep dermis. The periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain was positive, whereas the Congo red stain was negative.  Based on the clinical and pathologic findings, the patient was diagnosed with nodular colloid degeneration(NCD). To treat the patient, lesions were flattened using a Co2 laser. The patient did not return for follow-up.  NCD is a rare disease,  with only 12 cases having been previously reported. Here, we present a case of NCD that occurred on the face and discuss the topic of how to discriminate between NCD and other similar entities, emphasizing that nodular colloid degeneration should be  considered  in the differential diagnosis of asymptomatic facial plaques and nodules.

Filling in the Blanks: What Restaurant Patrons Assume About Missing Sanitation Inspection Grades

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolos Gurney ◽  
George Loewenstein
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
General Question ◽  
Missing Information ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
The Face

How do people respond when decision-relevant information is withheld by sellers? The authors address this general question by examining how prospective diners respond when sanitation inspection grades (SIGs) are not reported by a restaurant. Despite disclosure mandates in some municipalities, SIGs are not always available when dining choices are made, especially when food is ordered for delivery. After documenting participants’ failure to discount appropriately for a missing SIG, the authors demonstrate, through a series of follow-up studies, the robustness of the phenomenon in the face of interventions designed to increase the salience of the missing information. The authors find evidence of increased discounting, however, in a study designed to draw attention to the missing information via a side-by-side comparison of restaurants that did and did not provide SIGs.

V. Cerebral Dysfunction and Childhood Psychoses

1971 ◽  
Vol 118 (545) ◽  
pp. 407-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kolvin ◽  
C. Ounsted ◽  
M. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Variable Frequency ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Cerebral Dysfunction ◽  
Etiological Study ◽  
Aetiological Diagnosis ◽  
Cerebral Insult ◽  
Childhood Psychoses

A series of recent papers (Creak, 1961, 1963; Rutter, 1966; Brown, 1963; Lotter, 1967; Schain and Yannet, 1960) have provided evidence of degrees of cerebral dysfunction in infantile autism (Kanner, 1943) and other infantile psychoses. They have demonstrated that groups of cases of infantile psychoses satisfying broadly similar diagnostic criteria have in their backgrounds a variable frequency of cerebral insult and abnormal discharge in the EEC The diagnostic criteria in such series are of crucial importance. Imprecision and vagueness hamper comparisons between series. In childhood psychoses some investigators have excluded those cases in which there was any history or clinical evidence of organic features in an attempt to obtain a ‘pure’ group. This technique, while valid in delineating a syndrome, is handicapping to subsequent etiological study. For these reasons the present authors have used only age of onset and behavioural features as their ascertainment criteria it was a behavioural rather than an aetiological diagnosis.

A Five to Fifteen Year Follow-up Study of Infantile Psychosis

1967 ◽  
Vol 113 (504) ◽  
pp. 1169-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Rutter ◽  
Linda Lockyer
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Follow Up Studies

The psychoses of infancy have long been a matter for controversy. The nature of the disorders, their aetiology, relationship to adult forms of psychosis, long-term outcome and response to treatment are still areas of disagreement among clinicians. Follow-up studies should provide information relevant to some of these problems. Unfortunately, the findings of published investigations have been contradictory. To a large extent contradictions appear to be related to differences in diagnostic criteria, but the failure of many writers to describe their cases adequately has made it difficult to assess the significance of possible differences.

II. the Phenomenology of Childhood Psychoses

1971 ◽  
Vol 118 (545) ◽  
pp. 385-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kolvin ◽  
C. Ounsted ◽  
M. Humphrey ◽  
A. McNay
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Child Psychiatry ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Park Hospital ◽  
Childhood Psychoses

This paper analyses the clinical picture in 80 children referred to the Park Hospital, Oxford, or to the Newcastle department of child psychiatry, and admitted for intensive assessment of their psychosis. All were seen by two psychiatrists and nearly three quarters of them in Oxford. The diagnostic criteria, and the differentiation by age of onset into infantile psychosis (I.P.) and late onset psychosis (L.O.P.) were discussed in the previous paper (Kolvin, I).

What graduate follow-up studies can tell us

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 976-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda H Distlehorst
Keyword(s):  
Follow Up Studies
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