Familial Aspects of Obsessional Neurosis

1967 ◽  
Vol 113 (497) ◽  
pp. 405-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Obsessional Neurosis ◽  
First Degree Relatives

A raised incidence of neurotic personality traits and mental illness has been reported among the first-degree relatives of obsessional neurotics. It has been suggested that genetical factors are involved in determining a predisposition to this condition, but some authors have postulated that similarities in aspects of the environment such as early upbringing and family traditions may account for similarities shown by relatives.

scholarly journals Aleksandr Karepin, the nephew of Fyodor Dostoevsky and the hero of his novels

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
Maria A. Myakinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Fyodor Dostoevsky ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses aspects of the relationship between Fyodor Dostoevsky and his nephew Aleksandr Karepin as well as their reflection in the writer's work. The peculiarities of the nature and character of Aleksandr Karepin are briefly described; he was a very peculiar and not completely mentally healthy person, who served as the prototype for various, in fact, diametrically opposed in spiritual terms heroes – Pavel Trusotsky from “The Eternal Husband” and Prince Myshkin from the novel “The Idiot”. The article concludes that the use of different, sometimes opposite personality traits of the prototype when creating images of the heroes of the works was a feature of the creative method of Fyodor Dostoevsky. In addition, Aleksandr Karepin's mental illness and the oddities in his behaviour allowed the writer to think out in different ways and build not only the image of a hero with certain features of the prototype, but also the attitude of the world around him to this character, which in turn illustrates the diseases of society.

Psychopathology and personality traits in psychotic patients and their first-degree relatives

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 476-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Cortés ◽  
J. Valero ◽  
J.A. Gutiérrez-Zotes ◽  
A. Hernández ◽  
L. Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Self Transcendence

AbstractPersonality dimensions have been associated with symptoms dimensions in schizophrenic patients (SP). In this paper we study the relationships between symptoms of functional psychoses and personality dimensions in SP and their first-degree relatives (SR), in other psychotic patients (PP) and their first-degree relatives (PR), and in healthy controls in order to evaluate the possible clinical dimensionality of these disorders. Twenty-nine SP, 29 SR, 18 PP, 18 PR and 188 controls were assessed using the temperament and character inventory (TCI-R). Current symptoms were evaluated with positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) using the five-factor model described previously (positive [PF], negative [NF], disorganized [DF], excitement [EF] and anxiety/depression [ADF]). Our TCI-R results showed that patients had different personality dimensions from the control group, but in relatives, these scores were not different from controls. With regard to symptomatology, we highlight the relations observed between harm avoidance (HA) and PANSS NF, and between self-transcendence (ST) and PANSS PF. From a personality traits-genetic factors point of view, schizophrenia and other psychosis may be initially differentiated by temperamental traits such as HA. The so-called characterial traits like ST would be associated with the appearance of psychotic symptoms.

scholarly journals Psychiatric, demographic and personality characteristics of elderly sex offenders

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. FAZEL ◽  
T. HOPE ◽  
I. O’DONNELL ◽  
R. JACOBY
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Dsm Iv

Background. Psychiatric disorders are purported to play a role in the aetiology of violent crime, but evidence for their role in sexual offending is less clear. The authors investigated the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity and personality disorders in elderly incarcerated sex offenders compared with elderly non-sex offenders.Method. One hundred and one sex offenders and 102 non-sex offenders aged over 59 years were interviewed using standardized semi-structured interviews for psychiatric illness (the Geriatric Mental State) and the personality disorder (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV personality disorders). Data on demographic, offence and victim characteristics were collected.Results. Six per cent of the elderly sex offenders had a psychotic illness, 7% a DSM-IV major depressive episode and 33% a personality disorder; and 1% had dementia. These prevalence figures were not different from the elderly non-sex offenders interviewed in this study. Differences emerged at the level of personality traits with sex offenders having more schizoid, obsessive–compulsive, and avoidant traits, and fewer antisocial traits compared with non-sex offenders.Conclusions. Elderly sex offenders and non-sex-offenders have similar prevalence rates of mental illness. However, elderly sex offenders have increased schizoid, obsessive–compulsive, and avoidant personality traits, supporting the view that sex offending in the elderly is associated more with personality factors than mental illness or organic brain disease.

scholarly journals Psychiatry as a career choice among medical students: a cross-sectional study examining school-related and non-school factors

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e022201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Seng Esmond Seow ◽  
Boon Yiang Chua ◽  
Rathi Mahendran ◽  
Swapna Verma ◽  
Hui Lin Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychiatric Training ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
School Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesGiven the low recruitment to psychiatry worldwide, the current study aimed to examine how premedical and intramedical school factors, perception of career aspects, attitudes towards psychiatry, stigma towards mental illness and personality traits may affect the likelihood of psychiatry as a career choice.DesignCross-sectional online study.Participants502 medical students from two public medical institutions in Singapore.MethodsWe critically examined existing literature for factors identified to influence psychiatry as a career choice and explored their effects in a group of medical students in Singapore. To avoid overloading the regression model, this analysis only included variables shown to have significant association (p<0.05) with the outcome variable from the initial Χ2test and independent t-test analyses.ResultsA considerable number of non-medical school factors such as preschool influence and interest, personality traits and importance of a high status specialty in medicine were found to affect students’ choice of psychiatry as a career. Among medical school factors, attending a psychiatry/mental health club was the only influential factor. Negative attitudes towards psychiatry, but not stigma towards people with mental illness, significantly predicted the likelihood of not choosing psychiatry as a career.ConclusionsImproving educational environment or teaching practice in psychiatric training may aid in future recruitment for psychiatrists. While the changing of premedical school influences or personality factors may be infeasible, medical schools and psychiatry institutes could play a more critical role by enhancing enrichment activities or clerkship experience to bring about a more positive attitudinal change towards psychiatry among students who did consider a career in psychiatry.

scholarly journals Psychopathology, personality traits and social development of young first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia

2006 ◽  
Vol 189 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Glatt ◽  
William S. Stone ◽  
Stephen V. Faraone ◽  
Larry J. Seidman ◽  
Ming T. Tsuang
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
High Genetic Risk ◽  
Genetic Loading ◽  
And Control ◽  
Opposite Gender

BackgroundEvaluation of individuals at high genetic risk of schizophrenia is a powerful method for identifying precursors of the illness.AimsTo identify aspects of personality, psychopathology and social development that differentiate high-risk and control individuals.MethodAdolescent and young-adult first-degree relatives (n=35) of people with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and a control group (n=55) were compared on 36 measures at baseline of a longitudinal study Measures differentiating high-risk and control participants were related to four genetic loading indices.ResultsHigh-risk participants older than 17 years showed more physical anhedonia, less positive involvement with peers and more problems with peers, siblings and the opposite gender. Older high-risk individuals also were less cooperative, less self-directed and less reward-dependent. Problems with peers and the opposite gender, as well as reward dependence, were related linearly to genetic loading.ConclusionsAlterations in personality traits and social development are present in high-risk individuals, and may be markers for genetic liability toward the illness.

Familial Aspects of Obsessive-Compulsive Neurosis

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McKeon ◽  
Robin Murray
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
General Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Neurotic Disorders ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
And Control

The first-degree relatives of 50 obsessive-compulsive patients and those of matched controls completed the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the Leyton Obsessional Inventory (LOI). Relatives who were identified as possible ‘cases' by their high GHQ scores, or by their own or informant relatives' reports, were interviewed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. Index relatives had a significantly higher lifetime prevalence of mental illness (36%) than had those of controls (17%), due mainly to an excess of depressive and neurotic disorders. However, only one relative from each group was diagnosed as having definite obsessive-compulsive neurosis. In addition, the LOI scores were similar for the index and control relatives.

scholarly journals Attitudes of psychiatry residents toward mental illness

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 382-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Pejovic-Milovancevic ◽  
Dusica Lecic-Tosevski ◽  
Lazar Tenjovic ◽  
Saveta Draganic-Gajic ◽  
George Christodoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatry Residents ◽  
Internal Medicine Residents ◽  
Attitudes Toward Mental Illness ◽  
Opinions About Mental Illness

Introduction. Attitudes of lay people and physicians towards mentally ill patients are frequently highly biased. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in attitudes of psychiatry and internal medicine residents toward mental illness and to establish the relationship between their attitudes and their personal characteristics. Material and methods. The sample consisted of 45 psychiatry and 36 internal medicine residents. The attitudes toward mental illness were assessed using Opinions about Mental Illness Questionnaire (OMI) and personality traits were examined using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). Results. Our findings showed that in regard to internal medicine residents, psychiatry residents do not consider mentally ill patients to be inferior and dangerous. Psychiatry residents have a benevolent attitude toward the mentally ill. Personality traits of psychiatry residents were not related to their opinions about mental illness. Discussion. The results suggest that there is a need to develop strategies that would bring about changes in the curriculum of training programs for medical residents, including proper training in mental health issues. Such strategies should help in destigmatization of persons with mental disorders and increase the competence of physicians to deal with mentally ill. .

Success, Failure, and Personality

1963 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 567-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold H. Kassarjian
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
The Individual

The cultural patterns of success and failure were defined as a two-dimensional process. The first is indicated by objective measures of achievement, the “societal” success-failure continuum; the other by the aspirations of the individual and his self perception of success or failure. Results indicate a moderate correlation (.51) between the two dimensions. Failure on both dimensions was found to be related to a poorer self concept, fewer adjustive attitudes, greater complaints of physical and mental illness symptoms and less socially desirable personality traits than found in individuals who score as successful on both criteria. Some variables were found to be primarily related to the psychological failure dimension and others primarily related to societal failure.

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