Psychiatry in Iraq

1966 ◽  
Vol 112 (489) ◽  
pp. 827-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widad Bazzoui ◽  
Ihsan Al-Issa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Hospital Statistics ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

In recent years there has been a wide interest in the cross-cultural aspects of mental illness. Information concerning incidence, symptomatology and attitudes towards mental illness in the developing countries may contribute to the understanding of psychological processes and psychiatric problems. Kline (1963) reported a number of surveys of psychiatry in non-Western countries. One of these surveys was conducted in Kuwait, which is culturally and geographically intimately related to Iraq. This study aims at adding to Kline's data by providing information about various facets of psychiatry in Iraq. The present data were collected through interviews with a number of practising psychiatrists and through reference to hospital statistics and other relevant literature, in addition to the authors' clinical experience.

Cross-Cultural Aspects of the Stigma of Mental Illness

2008 ◽  
pp. 19-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernice A. Pescosolido ◽  
Sigrun Olafsdottir ◽  
Jack K. Martin ◽  
J. Scott Long
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Stigma Of Mental Illness

Iranian Persian

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-164
Author(s):  
Narges Firouzshahi ◽  
Elena Babatsouli
Keyword(s):  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Clinical Practicum ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Reference Manual

The present article proposes a sociolinguistic stance in the dissemination of information for use in the clinical context of speech language pathology (SLP) internationally. This practical guide to speech and culture aims to encourage the integration of linguistic and cultural facets in clinical practicum approaches, providing a useful and clinically relevant resource. This comes as a natural consequence of the systematic efforts worldwide to train and inform SLP workforces on providing equitable, targeted, and appropriate service to linguistically and culturally diverse clients such as minorities and immigrants. The specific focus of this guide is on Iranian Persian, a language and culture that is under-represented in published, clinically relevant literature. The paper provides an easily accessible reference manual on the phonological development and clinical assessment of Iranian Persian child speech in typical and atypical, monolingual and bilingual contexts, as well as on cultural aspects that may dictate the success of clinician and client/family interactions.

The “Surge Phenomenon” of Macro Economy in Developing Countries from the Perspective of Tobacco Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-673
Author(s):  
Lulu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Starting from the tobacco economy, this paper studies the “surge phenomenon” of macro-economy in developing countries. Methods: This paper studies the impact of tobacco industry on Anhui economy by using the relevant theories of industrial economics, econometrics and regulatory economics, combined with the actual situation of tobacco industry. Based on the analysis of the overall development of tobacco industry, this paper empirically analyzes the relationship between tobacco industry and Anhui economic growth. This paper combs the relevant literature of the existing research results of this theory. Combined with the special fact that government investment accounts for a large proportion in China’s current economic construction, this paper redefines the hypothesis of the investor in the theory of principles. On this basis, the expected equilibrium results of enterprise investment decision-making under government led and market led modes are compared and analyzed by using incomplete information static game model. Results: When the output value of tobacco industry increases by 1%, it will drive the GDP to increase by 0.373%. Secondly, by comparing the economic benefits of tobacco with the social costs of tobacco, it is found that with the economic development, the social costs caused by tobacco increase year by year, but the economic benefits are slightly greater than the social costs. The difference between the two is also increasing year by year. Conclusion: In the context of tobacco control, we should fully consider the advantages and disadvantages of developing the tobacco industry. Under the excessive intervention of the government, the manifestation of the surge phenomenon is more intense, and the final consequence of overcapacity is more serious than that under the market-oriented mode..

The Sino–US trade war in political cartoons: A synthesis of semiotic, cognitive, and cultural perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-497
Author(s):  
Cun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Mode ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Political Cartoons ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Cultural Symbols ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Trade War ◽  
The One ◽  
Charged Source ◽  
Metaphor And Metonymy

Abstract Economic globalization has resulted in more frequent trading frictions, some of which have escalated into trade wars such as the one between China and the US. Drawing on the same corpus built by Zhang and Forceville (Zhang, Cun & Charles Forceville. 2020. Metaphor and metonymy in Chinese and American political cartoons (2018–2019) about the Sino–US trade conflict. Pragmatics and Cognition 27(2). 476–501), and complementing insights of that paper, this paper investigates how the Sino–US trade war is metaphorically and metonymically constructed in 129 Chinese and American political cartoons respectively from a synthesized perspective. Based on comparative analyses, cross-cultural similarity and uniqueness in the semiotic, cognitive, and cultural aspects can be concluded as follows: (a) at the expression level, the shared dominant mode configuration pattern of metaphor and metonymy requires extra-textual knowledge to identify the target domain/concept while the source domain/vehicle concept is pinpointed through pictorial resources; (b) at the cognition level, “us” and “them” are distinctively evaluated by using the metonymy BODILY REACTION FOR EMOTION, cultural symbols, and the Great Chain metaphor. The Chinese cartoons converge on disapproving of “them” while the American cartoons converge on disapproving of “us” and diverge on conceptualizing “them”; (c) a variety of cross-cultural default scenarios are employed in the Chinese cartoons whereas the American cartoons utilize non-default scenarios influenced by only American cultures. Both aim for persuasiveness by employing emotionally charged source domains/vehicle concepts, but to different audiences.

Revisiting Sitting Cross-Cultural Aspects of Seating

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 814-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kageyu Noro ◽  
Rani Lueder ◽  
Shunji Yamada ◽  
Goroh Fujimaki ◽  
Hideki Oyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Aspects
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